Name: 色溫悖論 (The Color Temperature Paradox)
Uploaded: 2025-06-18T10:18:43.000Z
Duration: 4 min 22 s

情態副詞

If you take a piece of white paper into different lighting conditions, it will be an objectively different color in each situation, but our brains are clever enough to make us feel like it's still white.

如果你把一張白紙拿到不同的光照條件下，它在每種情況下客觀上都會呈現出不同的顏色，但我們的大腦很聰明，會讓我們覺得它還是白色的。

It's still the same piece of paper, after all.

分詞構句

To match our experience, cameras have to do this too, balancing the colors of an image so that a white object looks white under a given light, or a red object looks red, and so on.

為了與我們的經驗相匹配，照相機也必須這樣做，平衡影像的色彩，使白色物體在特定光線下看起來是白色的，或者紅色物體看起來是紅色的，以此類推。

And a typical unit to measure the color of a light is the Kelvin.

測量光色的典型組織、部門是開爾文。

Which is weird, because Kelvin is a unit for measuring temperature, not color.

這很奇怪，因為開爾文是測量溫度的組織、部門，而不是測量顏色的組織、部門。

What temperature and the color in a photograph have to do with each other comes down to history and physics.

照片中的溫度和顏色之間有什麼關係，這要歸結於歷史和物理學。

The color of photographic lighting is given in Kelvin, because photographic light sources almost all used to be hot glowing things, like the sun or incandescent lightbulb filaments.

攝影照明的顏色以開爾文為組織、部門，因為攝影光源過去幾乎都是發熱的東西，如太陽或白熾燈燈絲。

And the color of a hot glowing thing changes in direct relationship with its temperature.

而發熱物體的顏色變化與其溫度有直接關係。

As objects heat up, they start to glow, first red-hot, then orange-hot, yellow-hot, white-hot, blue-hot.

物體受熱後開始發光，先是紅熱，然後是橙熱、黃熱、白熱、藍熱。

So hotter light is bluer, and colder light is redder.

是以，較熱的光線更藍，較冷的光線更紅。

It's worth noting this scientific fact often leads to confusion, since we talk colloquially about warm light meaning cozy orange light, and cool light meaning bluer light, even though warm-feeling orange light actually comes from objects with colder physical temperatures.

值得注意的是，這一科學事實經常會引起混淆，因為我們常說暖光指舒適的橙色光，冷光指更藍的光，儘管暖感橙色光實際上來自物理溫度較低的物體。

I mean, still hot enough to glow red or orange-hot, but not white-hot or blue-hot.

我的意思是，仍然熱到可以發出紅光或橙光，但不是白光或藍光。

Incandescent lightbulb filaments are roughly around 3000 Kelvin, and the temperature of the sun's surface is roughly around 6000 Kelvin.

白熾燈燈絲的溫度大約為 3000 開爾文，而太陽表面的溫度大約為 6000 開爾文。

And yes, it's 6000 Kelvin rather than 6000 degrees Kelvin.

沒錯，是 6000 開爾文，而不是 6000 開爾文度。

Anyway, incandescent lightbulbs and the sun aren't the only two kinds of lights.

無論如何，白熾燈和太陽並不是唯一的兩種光。

Even before fluorescent lights and LEDs and lasers and so on came around, there were incandescent lights of different literal temperatures and therefore different colors, ranging from around 2700 to 3400 Kelvin.

甚至在熒光燈、發光二極管和激光器等出現之前，白熾燈的字面溫度就已經不同，是以顏色也不同，大約從 2700 開爾文到 3400 開爾文不等。

Daylight can actually range from around 4500 Kelvin to above 10,000 Kelvin, depending on whether it's direct sun or shade or cloudy or partially cloudy or what time of day it is or if you're outside the Earth's atmosphere altogether.

實際上，日光的範圍從大約 4500 開爾文到高於 10,000 開爾文不等，這取決於是陽光直射還是陰天，或者是多雲還是部分多雲，或者是一天中的什麼時間，或者你是否完全置身於地球大氣層之外。

The point is, the light sources that a camera encounters are typically anywhere from around 2000 to 10,000 Kelvin, and the camera or film needs to account for those.

問題是，照相機遇到的光源通常在 2000 開爾文到 10000 開爾文之間，照相機或膠片需要考慮這些因素。

不過，這並不是開爾文的全部。

Not all light sources are objects whose color comes purely from being hot.

並非所有光源都是純粹因熱而產生顏色的物體。

Think neon lights, or fireworks, or fireflies, or fluorescent lightbulbs, or LEDs.

想想霓虹燈、煙花、螢火蟲、熒光燈或發光二極管。

In addition to warm vs. cold, light can also be shifted towards the green side of things or the magenta side of things, as you can see from a full chromaticity diagram.

除了暖色與冷色，光線還可以偏向綠色或洋紅色，這一點您可以從完整的色度圖中看到。

From a practical perspective, color temperature is also reversed in a camera from the way you'd expect.

從實用的角度來看，色溫在相機中的應用也與你所期望的相反。

When you dial in the color temperature setting on a camera, you're actually telling the camera to compensate for lights with that temperature.

當你在相機上調試色溫設置時，實際上是在告訴相機對該色溫的燈光進行補償。

If you tell your camera to color balance for a very blue 10,000 Kelvin source, it will be expecting very blue light, and therefore decrease the amount of blue in the image.

如果您讓相機為一個非常藍的 10,000 開爾文光源進行色彩平衡，它就會期待非常藍的光線，從而減少影像中的藍光量。

Likewise, if you tell your camera to color balance for a very yellow-orange 2,500 Kelvin light, it'll increase the amount of blue in the image to compensate for the yellowness.

同樣，如果您讓相機對黃橙相間的 2500 開爾文光線進行色彩平衡，它就會增加影像中的藍色量，以補償黃度。

Which leads to another potential source of confusion.

這就導致了另一個潛在的困惑。

Setting the color temperature setting of a camera too high means the camera decreases the blue enough to get a very blue light back to white.

照相機色溫設置過高意味著照相機會降低藍光，使非常藍的光線變回白色。

But since the light's not that blue, the correction ends up going past white, resulting in an overly yellow image.

但由於光線並不那麼藍，校正最終會超過白色，導致影像過黃。

And setting the color temperature setting in a camera too low results in an overly blue image.

相機的色溫設置過低，會導致影像過藍。

That is, high color temperature camera settings often lead to yellow images, and low temperature settings lead to blue images, even though high color temperature lights are blue and low color temperature lights are orange.

也就是說，儘管色溫高的燈光是藍色的，色溫低的燈光是橙色的，但色溫高的相機設置往往會導致黃色影像，而色溫低的設置則會導致藍色影像。

This seeming paradox arises because the color temperature setting in a camera isn't setting the color temperature of the image, it's telling the camera how to compensate for the color temperature of the lighting and get back to white.

之所以會出現這種看似矛盾的現象，是因為照相機的色溫設置並不是在設置影像的色溫，而是在告訴照相機如何補償照明的色溫並恢復到白色。

Color temperature in cameras should really be called color temperature compensation.

相機中的色溫實際上應該叫做色溫補償。

Or maybe we should ditch temperature altogether and just call it, what color are your lights?

或者，我們應該完全拋棄溫度，直接稱之為 "你的燈是什麼顏色的？

Because it's all about trying to get an object to look the color that object typically looks to human eyes, independent of the color of the light falling on it.

因為這一切都是為了讓物體呈現出人眼通常看到的顏色，而與落在物體上的光線顏色無關。

It's just a quirk of history and physics that the color of lighting was first determined almost exclusively by the temperature of the light source.

燈光的顏色最初幾乎完全由光源的溫度決定，這只是歷史和物理學的一個怪圈。

And even now that it isn't, we still, for some reason, use temperature to talk about color.

即使現在不是這樣，出於某種原因，我們仍然用溫度來談論顏色。

Okay, you watched to the end of this video, which means there are good odds you're the kind of person who would like this video's sponsor, Brilliant.org.

好了，你看完了這段視頻，說明你很有可能喜歡這段視頻的贊助商 Brilliant.org。

Brilliant is where you learn by doing, with thousands of interactive lessons in math, data analysis, programming, and AI.

Brilliant 通過數學、數據分析、編程和人工智能方面的數千節互動課程，讓您在實踐中學習。

Each lesson is filled with hands-on problem-solving that lets you play with concepts, a method proven to be more effective than just watching videos alone.

每節課都有動手解決問題的環節，讓你玩轉概念，這種方法已被證明比單純觀看視頻更有效。

And they have new courses on AI large language models like ChatGPT and on programming in  To sign up for Brilliant for free and get 30 days of full access to all of their courses, go to Brilliant.org slash MinutePhysics or click on the link in the description.

要免費註冊 Brilliant 並獲得 30 天的全部課程訪問權限，請訪問 Brilliant.org slash MinutePhysics 或點擊描述中的鏈接。

You'll also get 20% off an annual premium subscription for all of Brilliant's content, including the new courses they add all the time.

您還可以八折優惠訂購 Brilliant 的所有內容，包括他們不斷添加的新課程。

Again, that's Brilliant.org slash MinutePhysics, and thanks to Brilliant for their support.

再次感謝 Brilliant.org 對 MinutePhysics 的支持。