Name: 【TED】Paul Bloom：快樂的起源 (Paul Bloom: The origins of pleasure)
Uploaded: 2014-03-05T11:48:06.000Z
Duration: 16 min 18 s

Goering was Hitler's second in command in World War II,

戈林是希特勒在二戰時期的副司令官

Goering fancied himself a collector of art.

戈林也自認自己是一位愛好藝術的收藏家

He went through Europe, through World War II,

stealing, extorting and occasionally buying

And what he really wanted was something by Vermeer.

而當中他最想擁有的是維梅爾(Vermeer)的作品

Hitler had two of them, and he didn't have any.

希特勒收藏了其中兩幅，而他一幅也沒有

後來他終於找上了一位藝術品經銷商

a Dutch art dealer named Han van Meegeren,

一位名叫漢‧凡‧米格倫(Han van Meegeren)的荷蘭畫商

他賣給他一幅完美的維梅爾的作品

for the cost of what would now be 10 million dollars.

and Goering was captured, tried at Nuremberg

Then the Allied forces went through his collections

and went after the people who sold it to him.

And at some point the Dutch police came into Amsterdam

Van Meegeren was charged with the crime of treason,

He said, "I did not sell a great masterpiece

他說：「我並沒有販賣偉大的畫作

那是我自己畫的，我是一名仿畫家。」

比我賣給那令人厭惡的納粹更好的維梅爾作品。

I also need alcohol and morphine, because it's the only way I can work."

我還需要酒和嗎啡，因為這樣我才能工作。」

他也畫出了一幅美麗的維梅爾畫作

And then the charges of treason were dropped.

There's a lot more to be said about van Meegeren,

關於凡‧米格倫還有很多事情可以說

who's pictured here being interrogated at Nuremberg.

Now Goering was, by all accounts, a terrible man.

戈林，據所有的罪狀，是一個可怕的人

就算是對納粹分子而言，他還是個可怕的人

when he was told that his favorite painting

he had discovered there was evil in the world."

他第一次發現有世界上有邪惡的事。」

but it had a different origin, it was a different artwork.

但來源不同，這是完全不同的畫作

It wasn't just him who was in for a shock.

Once van Meegeren was on trial, he couldn't stop talking.

某次凡‧米格倫受訊時，他不由自主地說出

And he boasted about all the great masterpieces

他吹噓所有其他藝術家所創作的

其中特別是《在伊默斯的晚餐》

which was viewed as Vermeer's finest masterpiece, his best work --

這幅被視為是維梅爾最優秀的作品，他的鉅作

people would come [from] all over the world to see it --

這幅眾人願意從世界各地前去觀賞的作品

It was not that painting, but that painting.

it lost all its value and was taken away from the museum.

這幅畫失去了價值，也從博物館裡撤下

I'm a psychologists -- why do origins matter so much?

心理學家們，為什麼來源如此重要？

to our knowledge of where something comes from?

Well there's an answer that many people would give.

很多社會學家像是Veblen和Wolfe會認為

would argue that the reason why we take origins so seriously

我們之所以如此看重事物來自何處

is because we're snobs, because we're focused on status.

是因為我們很勢利，我們看重地位

if you want to show off how rich you are, how powerful you are,

如果你想展現自己的財力和權力

it's always better to own an original than a forgery

當然擁有一幅真跡會比擁有一幅仿畫來的好

because there's always going to be fewer originals than forgeries.

因為和仿畫比起來，真跡只會越來越少

that humans are, to some extent, natural born essentialists.

人類，其實就某些層面而言，我們是天生的本質主義者

is we don't just respond to things as we see them,

我們對於物件的反應不只是我們看見他們

字幕列表影片播放

【TED】Paul Bloom：快樂的起源 (Paul Bloom: The origins of pleasure)

specific

applause

disorder

convince