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  • The ability to drink milk throughout our lifetime, known as lactose tolerance, evolved about

    在我們一生中,被稱為乳糖耐受的喝牛奶能力,發展大約於

  • 10 thousand years ago; over the last century and a half, the average height of a human

    一萬年以前。再過去一個半世紀以來,人類的平均身高

  • being has increased by roughly 10 centimeters; and within the last 6 and a half decades the

    大概高了10釐米,然後近65年來

  • global life span has shot up nearly 20 years largely thanks to science.

    全球壽命提高非常多,這都要歸功於科學的成果。

  • Breakthroughs in science have propelled our species forward - in fact, National Geographic

    科學的突破推動著我們前進-事實上,國家地理

  • and GE’s new seriesBreakthroughcovers some cutting edge innovations that are happening,

    和GE合作的新系列「突破」介紹了一些正在發生的創新

  • today; from biology and technology merging, to solutions for our water crisis. But, what

    今天,從生物學和技術的結合,為我們面臨的水危機找出解決方案。但,

  • will humanity look like in 1000 years?

    人類在接下來的1000年會是什麼樣子?

  • It’s already hard enough to remember a world without smartphones, but scientists predict

    我們已經很難記得還沒有智慧型手機的世界,但科學家預測

  • that within the next few decades, computers will reach the computational speed of the

    在未來的幾十年中,電腦將達到人類大腦的運算速度

  • human brain. Not only will they be able to speak and interact,

    它們不僅可以說話和交流,

  • but listen and remember. This also leads to a philosophy known as transhumanism. In the

    還可以聽和記憶。這也導致了一種哲學稱為「超人」

  • future, nanobots (or tiny robots) will be subtly integrated into our bodies enhancing

    在未來,奈米機器人(或稱微型機器人) 將會巧妙地融入我們的身體,增強

  • our own abilities! No longer will we be limited by our own physiology, but truly become a

    我們自身的能力!我們將不再被自己的生理限制所設限,但成為

  • mixture of biology and machine on the inside.

    一個混合生理學和機器的物體。

  • Ever heard ofUtility Fog’? Imagine a cloud of countless microscopic robots which

    你曾聽過「功能性霧」嗎?想像一個雲上的無數微小機器人,

  • can be rearranged into virtually any configuration nearly instantaneously. Buildings could be

    幾乎可以瞬間重新安排到任何配置。建築物可能是

  • constructed as necessary, and disassembled when space was needed for something else.

    架構必要的因素,但當需要別的空間時會被拆卸。

  • Picture your house disassembling when you leave in the morning so that the space can

    想像當你在早上離開,你的房子拆卸的空間可以

  • be used for something else! With increased urbanization and globalization

    用於別的用途!增加城市化與全球化

  • the 7000 languages that are spoken globally today will likely dip under 100.

    全球目前正在使用的7000種語言將減少為100種語言

  • As we move even further into the future, the world’s rising temperature and accompanying

    隨著我們一步步走向未來,全球溫度上升和伴隨而來的

  • deterioration in the protective ozone layer will play a major role. Added UV radiation

    臭氧層惡化將會是一大問題。增強的紫外線輻射

  • reaching the planet may create a scenario where darker skin becomes an evolutionary

    到達地球可能會變成這樣子的場景:皮膚黝黑會是進化

  • advantage, as it protects against UV damage. Increasing temperatures may also affect our

    的優勢,因為它保護皮膚免受紫外線的傷害。升高的溫度也會影響我們的

  • size; taller and thinner bodies would be better at dissipating excess body heat, as it creates

    身材,偏高瘦的體型有助於身體散熱,因為

  • the best body surface area to volume ratio. Of course, these types of changes take 10s

    高瘦體型有最好的體表面積與體積的比例。當然,這些型態的改變需要花上幾十

  • or hundreds of thousands of years and will depend on our ability to avoid or protect

    或幾百年,而這將取決於我們能否逃過

  • ourselves from nature.

    大自然的逆襲

  • New traits from mutations may also arise - perhaps a new eye color, or unique abilities! Even

    從基因突變的新特徵也可能出現-可能是一種新的眼睛顏色,或是特殊能力

  • today, one man has been documented with the ability to consume and digest nearly anything,

    即使目前,有一個人已經被記錄可以消化幾乎任何東西的能力,

  • including metal, glass and even toxic chemicals due to a genetic mutation. Others live with

    包含金屬、玻璃,甚至是因為基因突變的有毒化學物質。也有一些人

  • a condition called tetrachromacy, where they can see 100 times more colors than the rest

    擁有 "四色視覺",他們可以看到比我們一般人多100倍的顏色。

  • of us. But these traits are only likely to persist if they have some selective advantage

    但因為他們有選擇性的優勢,這些特質只可能一直存在下去

  • - so don’t expect a mutant like school-for-the-gifted any time soon.

    所以不要期待近期內會有類似資優學校的 "給變種人讀的學校" 出現

  • But artificial selection or human influenced changes will likely drive most of our evolution.

    但人工引起的或人為的變化很可能會推動我們大部分的演化

  • Well modify our babies genes before birth to eliminate diseases they may carry, or include

    我們要修改嬰兒出生之前的基因,消除他們可能帶有的疾病,或包括

  • desirable traits for our offspring. But, while it may make us smarter, stronger, and better

    一些帶給我們後代的優良基因。但,盡管這可能使我們更聰明、更強壯、更好看

  • looking, such genetic similarity or lack of human diversity leaves room for a single new

    這樣的基因相似性或缺乏人類多樣性,可能會在未來帶給人們新的

  • disease of the future to wipe out the entire human race.

    疾病,消滅整個人類族群。

  • In the words of Stephen HawkingSooner or later disasters" such as an asteroid collision

    史蒂芬霍金說過的話「遲早會有災害,像是小行星碰撞

  • or a nuclear war could wipe us all out. But once we spread out into space and establish

    或是核子戰爭可能會將我們努力的一切消滅。但一旦我們分散人群進入太空,建立

  • independent colonies, our future should be safe.” Space colonization, it seems, is

    獨立的殖民地,我們的未來應該是安全的。」太空殖民似乎是我們未來

  • an inevitable part of our future. At the end of it all, we may even conquer

    必然發生的一部份。在這一切結束時,我們甚至可以克服死亡:

  • death by scanning our brains - atom by atom - and transferring that information into computers.

    掃描組成大腦的每一個原子,並將訊息傳到電腦裡。

  • In this way we could travel at the speed of light as information patterns, unrestricted

    這樣我們可以以光速傳遞訊息的模式,無限制的旅行,

  • by our bodies, and requiring no food. Where our current human generational cycle takes

    而且不需要食物。我們當前的人類世代週期需要

  • around 20 years, a digital individual could replicate themselves in seconds or minutes.

    20年左右,然而數位個體只需要在短短幾秒或幾分鐘內。

  • It’s a brave new world out there - and yet, you may be surprised by some of the incredible

    就在那裡有一個偉大的新世界-然而透過一些不可置信的科學

  • science that is happening today! That’s what the showBreakthrough” - which airs

    你會非常驚訝這些今天正在發生!這是節目今天播出的「突破」-

  • on November 1st at 9pm - attempts to highlight. The science of today, that tomorrow’s future

    在11月1日晚上9點-試圖強調,今天的科學,將會創造明天的未來。

  • will be based upon. It’s a really fantastic series of 6 episodes on the National Geographic

    這是在國家地理頻道上播出一共六急的精采系列

  • Channel. Be sure to check it out, and let us know what you think.

    觀賞完並告訴我們你的想法

  • And subscribe for more weekly science videos.

    訂閱以得到更多每週的科學影片

The ability to drink milk throughout our lifetime, known as lactose tolerance, evolved about

在我們一生中,被稱為乳糖耐受的喝牛奶能力,發展大約於

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