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If our dreams are a reflection of reality, how does someone who experiences a different reality dream?
如果說夢境是現實的反射，那麼現實經歷和一般人不同的人是如何作夢的呢？
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Hey folks, Laci Green here for DNews.
大家好，我是 DNews 的 Laci Green。
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Here's something I had never really thought about: How do the blind experience their dreams?
有件事我從沒認真想過，那就是盲人的夢境是怎麼樣的？
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It's a perspective that‘s completely removed from my own, having been able to see my whole life.
我本身完全沒有這種經驗，畢竟我一直以來都看得見。
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Well, minus when I take my glasses off and knock into things, but that's a slightly different story.
好吧，我拿下眼鏡然後撞到東西的時候除外，但那不太一樣。
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A new study published in the journal Sleep Medicine took a little look-see at how the blind dream.
睡眠醫學期刊發表的一項新研究，他們針對盲人如何作夢做了一點小調查。
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For sighted people, dreaming is primarily a visual activity.
對看得見的人來說，作夢主要屬於視覺活動。
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You remember images.
你記得的是影像。
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But if you don't have the sense of sight, other sensory information-- the information you rely on the most -- takes the lead.
但是，如果你沒有視覺，其他感官訊息，也就是你依賴最多的感官訊息，會主導夢境。
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The researchers looked at groups of people who were blind from birth or congenitally blind, those who became blind later in life, and those who can see.
研究員調查了一群天生失明的人，或者因先天疾病失明的人、後天失明的人，以及看得見的人。
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Immediately after a dream, they were asked about their sensory experiences: What did you see? Did you taste anything?
一作完夢，研究員就會詢問這些人的感官經驗：你看見了什麼？你有嚐到任何味道嗎？
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As well as how they felt emotionally in the dream, and if there were any themes, like falling, or being able to fly, for instance.
還有他們在夢境裡的情緒，以及夢境是否有主題，像是墜落或是能夠飛翔。
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Amongst the blind participants, most of the content in their dreams was made up of things they "heard".
在盲人受試者中，夢境內容大部份是由他們「聽見」的事物組成的。
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86% of them experienced sounds and voices, as opposed to 64% of the seeing group.
其中有 86% 的盲人感受到聲響和人聲，而非盲人組則有 64%。
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The scientists basically said that the longer the person was able to see during their life, the more visual content there was in the dreams.
基本上，科學家認為人一生中看得見的時間越長，夢境裡的視覺內容就越多。
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The blind also experienced more sensations of "touch" in their dreams.
盲人在夢境中也會有更多的「觸覺」經歷。
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70% versus 45% of the seeing group.
觸覺在盲人組中佔了 70%，非盲人組則佔 45%。
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The blind were also much more likely to taste and smell than the seeing group.
比起非盲人，盲人也比較容易有味覺和嗅覺經歷。
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In terms of emotional and thematic content, all the groups reported similar results, but the congenitally blind group did stand out in one way....they had more nightmares.
在情緒和主題方面，所有組別回報的結果都很相似，但是先天失明組在其中一個方面特別突出...他們比較容易作惡夢。
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They were 4 times more likely to report nightmares than the late onset blindness and seeing groups.
他們作惡夢的頻率是後天失明以及非盲人組的四倍。
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So, why might those who are congenitally blind have more nightmares than everyone else?
那麼，為什麼先天失明的人比其他人更容易作惡夢呢？
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The scientists aren't really sure, but they have a theory!
科學家們不太確定原因，但他們心中有個理論！
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Nightmares are one of the ways that our brains process and cope with threats to our safety.
惡夢是一種腦部運作和處理安全威脅的方式。
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So it shouldn't come as a surprise that the blind tend to have nightmares about things like getting hit by a car, getting lost, losing a guide dog.
因此不意外地，盲人的惡夢通常是關於被車撞到、迷路和失去導盲犬這類事情。
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It's unclear, though, if this means that the blind experience more fear overall in their lives.
但這是否表示盲人在生活中的恐懼經歷較多還不清楚。
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Just generally speaking.
這只是個大概。
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So folks, what parts of your dreams do you remember most? Or do you dream at all?
那麼各位，你記得最清楚的是夢裡的哪個部份呢？或者你會作夢嗎？
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Let me know down below and don't forget to subscribe for more DNews!
可以在下面留言告訴我，也別忘了訂閱 DNews 喔！
