Name: 潛藏的疾病：認識肺結核！ (The Hidden Disease: Tuberculosis Explained)
Uploaded: 2026-03-17T14:37:46.000Z
Duration: 2 min 46 s

Tuberculosis, or tb, is a serious infectious disease.

結核病，或稱tb，是一種嚴重的傳染病。

It mainly affects the lungs, but it can also impact other organs.

它主要影響肺部，但也會影響其他器官。

TB is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

結核病是由一種叫做結核分枝桿菌的細菌引起的。

This disease is a major global health concern.

這種疾病是一個主要的全球健康議題。

It affects millions of people each year, primarily in developing countries.

它每年影響數百萬人，主要是在開發中國家。

TB is often associated with poverty, overcrowding and poor healthcare systems.

結核病常與貧困、過度擁擠和醫療體系不良有關。

However, it can occur anywhere in the world.

不過，它可能發生在世界任何地方。

Understanding the basics of tb, including its causes, symptoms and prevention methods, is crucial for effective control and eradication efforts.

瞭解結核病的基礎知識，包括它的成因、症狀和預防方法，對於有效控制和根除措施至關重要。

Tuberculosis can exist in two forms, latent and active.

結核病可以分為兩種形式：潛伏性和活動性。

In latent TB infection, or ltbi, the bacteria are present in the body but are inactive.

在潛伏性結核感染，或稱ltbi，細菌存在於體內但處於不活躍狀態。

People with LTBI do not have any symptoms and cannot spread the disease.

感染潛伏性結核感染的人沒有任何症狀，也無法傳播疾病。

However, they have a risk of developing active TB later in life, especially if their immune system weakens weakens.

不過，他們未來有發展成活動性結核病的風險，特別是當免疫系統變弱時。

In contrast, active TB disease occurs when the bacteria are actively multiplying and causing damage to the body.

相對地，當結核菌活躍增生並對身體造成損害時，就會出現活動性結核病。

People with active TB experience symptoms and can spread the disease to others.

罹患活動性結核病的人會出現症狀，並且會將疾病傳播給他人。

The difference between latent and active TB is crucial for understanding how the disease progresses and the importance of early detection and treatment.

潛伏性與活動性結核病的差異，對於瞭解疾病的進展以及早期診斷和治療的重要性至關重要。

TB spreads through the air, primarily through coughs or sneezes from a person with active pulmonary tb.

結核病是透過空氣傳播的，主要是透過罹患活動性肺部結核病的患者咳嗽或打噴嚏。

When an infected person coughs, talks, or sings, tiny droplets containing the bacteria are released into the air.

當感染者咳嗽、說話或唱歌時，含有結核菌的微小飛沫會釋放到空氣中。

These droplets can remain suspended in the air for several hours.

這些飛沫可能會懸浮在空氣中數小時。

People in close contact with someone who has active TB are at the highest risk of becoming infected.

與罹患活動性結核病者密切接觸的人，感染風險最高。

This includes family members, friends, and healthcare workers.

這包括家人、朋友和醫護人員。

Certain factors can increase the risk of developing active tb.

有些因素會增加罹患活動性結核病的風險。

These include HIV infection, smoking, malnutrition, and diabetes.

這些因素包括愛滋病毒感染、抽菸、營養不良和糖尿病。

The early signs and symptoms of TB can be subtle and easily mistaken for other illnesses.

結核病的早期跡象和症狀可能不明顯，容易被誤認為其他疾病。

The most common symptoms include a persistent cough lasting more than three weeks, coughing up blood or phlegm, chest pain, and

最常見的症狀包括持續超過三週的咳嗽、咳血或痰、胸痛，以及

Other symptoms may include fatigue, fever, night sweats, and loss of appetite.

其他症狀可能包括疲勞、發燒、夜間盜汗和食慾不振。

If TB is not treated promptly, it can lead to serious complications.

如果結核病沒有及時治療，可能會導致嚴重的併發症。

These complications include permanent lung damage, spreading of the infection to other parts of the body known as extrapulmonary tb, and

這些併發症包括永久性肺部損傷、感染擴散到身體其他部位（稱為肺外結核），以及

Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for preventing these complications and stopping the spread of tb.

早期診斷和治療對於預防這些併發症和阻止結核病的傳播至關重要。