Name: 如何記住你讀過的一切！📚 (How to Remember Everything You Read)
Uploaded: 2026-02-07T12:29:03.000Z
Duration: 26 min 12 s

In this video, I'll teach you a system for remembering everything you read, study, or learn.

這支影片，我會教你一套系統，讓你記住所有讀過、學過的東西。

分詞構句

I've been using the system for the last seven years, starting from learning disease pathophysiology in medical school through to reading research articles and learning science or reading books on productivity or business.

我自己用了這套系統七年了，從醫學院學疾病病理生理學，到看研究論文、學科學知識，或是讀生產力、商業的書，都用這套。

情態副詞

And the reason the system works so consistently and so well is because it breaks down that process of reading into two distinct systems.

這套系統之所以這麼有效又穩定，是因為它把閱讀這個過程拆成兩個不同的階段。

The first stage is the consumption period, and the second stage is the digestion period.

第一個階段是攝取階段，第二個階段是消化階段。

Most people think that by focusing on the first stage and consuming more information, they'll be able to therefore remember and apply more information.

大部分人覺得，只要專注在第一個階段，攝取更多資訊，就能記住並應用更多資訊。

So they focus on trying to read faster or watching lectures at triple speed, or binge listening to audio books or watching hours of YouTube tutorials.

所以他們會試著讀更快，或是用三倍速聽講座、狂聽有聲書，或是看好幾個小時的YouTube教程。

And once we understand how learning does work, you'll see why my system is so effective.

一旦我們瞭解學習的真正運作方式，你就會明白為什麼我的系統這麼有效。

You see, when it comes to remembering and applying information, it's much less about what comes in to your brain, and

你看，關於記憶和應用資訊，重點其實不是有多少東西進入你的大腦，而是

it's much more about how much stays in your brain.

而是有多少東西能留在你的大腦裡。

And that is what the second stage, the digestion period, is all about.

這就是第二階段，也就是消化階段的重點。

And it's the part that is often neglected.

So I'll teach you a system for mastering both of these stages.

所以，我今天要教大家一個系統，讓你掌握這兩個階段。

Stages, which in turn increases your raw retention as well as your ability to actually use the knowledge in the way that you need to.

這兩個階段能提升你的原始記憶力，以及你真正需要運用知識的能力。

But first, we need to ask ourselves, is it even possible to remember everything you read?

但首先，我們要問自己，真的有可能記住所有讀過的東西嗎？

Trying to remember everything we read should not be be the goal in the first place.

試圖記住所有讀過的東西，一開始就不該是我們的目標。

And we know this because of a man who actually could remember everything.

我們之所以知道這點，是因為有個男人，他真的能記住所有東西。

his story is so crazy that Hollywood made an entire movie about him.

他的故事太傳奇了，好萊塢還為他拍了一整部電影。

Kim Peek was a mega genius, and his memory was ridiculous.

Kim Peek 是個超級天才，他的記憶力簡直是不可思議。

He was able to memorize a book with such perfect recall that after reading a book one time, he would be able to write it out word for word, with every comma and full stop, back to front.

他能完美記住一本書，讀過一遍後，就能一字不差地寫出來，連逗號和句點都一樣，甚至能倒著寫。

He memorized so many maps and atlases that he could give you driving directions between any two cities in the world.

他記住了這麼多地圖和地圖集，能告訴你世界上任何兩個城市之間的開車路線。

And the path that he gave you was mentally calculated to be the shortest distance.

而且他給你的路線，是經過腦中計算出最短的距離。

Now, the reason Kim Peek had such supernatural abilities is because of a very rare medical condition he had called FG syndrome.

為什麼 Kim Peek 會有這麼超乎常人的能力呢？這是因為他有一種非常罕見的疾病，叫做 FG 症候群。

He was born with macrocephaly, which means he had a larger brain.

他天生就有巨腦症，也就是說他的大腦比較大。

And he had no corpus callosum, which is basically the bundle of neurons that connect both hemispheres of the brain together.

而且他沒有胼胝體，胼胝體基本上就是連接大腦兩個半球的神經束。

And scientists believe that because he didn't have the normal pattern of neurons, his brain adapted and developed new connections to compensate, which I guess gave him like superhuman memory.

而且科學家們認為，因為他沒有正常的神經元模式，他的大腦就適應並發展出新的連結來彌補，這大概就是他擁有超級記憶力的原因。

Now, I want you to imagine that both you and Kim Peek were about to sit the same exam.

現在，我想請你想像一下，你和 Kim Peek 即將參加同一場考試。

And the answer is that it actually depends on the exam.

答案是，這其實要看考試內容。

You see, despite his superhuman memory, Kim Peek struggled with reasoning and problem solving.

你看，儘管 Kim Peek 有著超乎常人的記憶力，他在推理和解決問題方面卻很掙扎。

Which means that if the exam was at the junior levels of schooling, which often tests on the lower levels of learning, which involve a lot of memorization and recall, then Kim Peek would definitely win.

這意味著，如果考試是小學程度的，通常會測驗學習的較低層次，包含大量的記憶和回憶，那麼 Kim Peek 絕對會贏。

But if the exam was at a higher level, like university or postgraduate, where the reasoning and problem solving, the higher orders of learning are examined as a higher priority, then you may actually have the edge.

但如果考試是大學或研究所等級的，更重視推理和解決問題，也就是學習的較高層次，那麼你可能反而佔有優勢。

Now, for most of you listening, probably using the knowledge you've consumed to reason and problem solve is kind of the whole point of why you're trying to read and remember in the first place.

現在，對大多數聽眾來說，運用你所學到的知識來推理和解決問題，大概就是你一開始努力閱讀和記憶的重點。

Which basically means that it is not enough to remember everything, which is good, because for most people that's not possible anyway.

這基本上意味著，光是記住所有東西是不夠的，這很好，因為對大多數人來說，這本來就不可能。

But it is possible to remember everything you need to remember in such a way that we can use that knowledge in the way we need to.

但我們可以將所有需要記住的知識，以我們需要的方式來運用。

And that is what the system that I'll teach you helps you to achieve.

這就是我今天要教大家的系統，能幫助你達成目標。

So to start using the system, we have to understand that not all information is equal.

所以要開始使用這個系統，我們要先了解，不是所有的資訊都一樣重要。

In fact, I break down the information that I read into five different categories using the acronym pacer.

事實上，我會把讀到的資訊抽成五種不同的類別，使用 PACER 這個縮寫來記憶。

And it's important to be able to identify which category the information you're reading to belongs to, because for each category there are specific targeted processes that then help you to deal with and manage that information more effectively.

辨識你讀到的資訊屬於哪一類非常重要，因為每一類都有特定的處理方式，能幫助你更有效地處理和管理這些資訊。

And when we use the wrong process for the specific category of information, it makes remembering and understanding what you read much harder, much more time consuming and much less effective, and

當我們對特定類別的資訊用了錯誤的處理方式，記住和理解讀到的內容就會變得更困難、更耗時，效果也更差，

that you're more likely to forget what you read.

而且你更有可能會忘記你讀過的東西。

It also increases the chance of you entering the passive mode of reading, which is where you get to the bottom of a page and you can't even remember what you just read.

這也會增加你進入被動閱讀模式的機率，也就是讀完一頁卻完全記不起剛剛讀了什麼。

In the first part, where we are consuming information, we want to identify which category what we are consuming belongs to using the PACER acronym.

在第一階段，也就是我們攝取資訊的時候，我們要用 PACER 這個縮寫來辨識我們正在攝取的是哪一類資訊。

Then, during stage two, we digest what we have read using the targeted process for that category, which takes the information and stores it in our long term memory through the process called encoding.

然後，在第二階段，我們會用針對該類別的處理方式來消化讀到的內容，這個過程會將資訊透過一個叫做編碼的過程，儲存在我們的長期記憶裡。

So let's go through PACER together so that you can accurately identify the category of information you're trying to remember.

所以我們一起來看看 PACER，這樣你就能準確辨識你想要記住的資訊類別。

PACER 中的 P 代表程序性 (procedural)。

And procedural information is any information that tells you how something should be executed.

而程序性資訊是指任何告訴你某件事該如何執行的資訊。

For example, this is a book that I used during medical school that taught me about how to do a clinical examination, like listen to a heartbeat or take someone's blood pressure.

舉個例子，這是我醫學院時用的一本書，它教我如何進行臨床檢查，像是聽心跳或量血壓。

And a lot of the information in this book is about the correct technique to perform the examination.

這本書裡的很多資訊都關於執行檢查的正確技巧。

And some subjects and domains have a lot of precision.

有些學科和領域需要很多精確度。

Some great examples of this would be coding and languages.

這方面的絕佳例子包括編程和語言。

And the targeted process for working with and mastering this type of procedural information is practice.

處理和掌握這類程序性資訊的目標方法就是練習。

The key is that you want to apply procedural information in real life as early as possible.

重點是，你希望盡早將程序性資訊應用到實際生活中。

A lot of people will spend time to read it and memorize it and write lots of notes about it, and

很多人會花時間去閱讀、記憶，並寫下很多筆記，

then a week or two later they'll try to practice it.

然後過一兩個星期再試著練習。

We've already forgotten a lot of it, and a lot of that time is just wasted.

我們已經忘記了很多內容，很多時間就這樣浪費掉了。

Instead, as soon as you take that procedural information into your brain, try to apply it and practice it as early as you can.

取而代之的是，一旦你將程序性資訊輸入大腦，就盡早嘗試應用和練習。

Now, straight away, we run into a problem with using this approach.

現在，我們立刻會遇到使用這種方法的問題。

What if we're reading something and we don't have time to practice it?

如果我們正在閱讀某樣東西，但沒有時間練習怎麼辦？

Right now, the answer is you either move on to something else or you stop consuming anything and you wait until you have time to practice it.

現在的答案是，你要嘛繼續看別的東西，要嘛停止攝取任何資訊，然後等到有時間再練習。

But you do not waste your time trying to just memorize it on the spot.

但你不要浪費時間試圖當場死記硬背。

Because here is the crucial part about learning that everyone overlooks.

因為這就是大家都會忽略的關於學習的關鍵部分。

The two stages of consuming and digesting must always be balanced.

攝取和消化這兩個階段必須永遠平衡。

Everything you consume must be digested in order for you to retain and use it.

你攝取的所有東西都必須經過消化，你才能記住並使用它。

Only when stage one is followed by stage two does learning actually occur.

第一階段之後接著第二階段，學習才會真正發生。

If we're reading something and we don't have time to use the right process like practice, then most people will say, oh, well, I don't have time right now.

如果我們正在閱讀某樣東西，但沒有時間使用正確的練習方法，那大多數人會說，「喔，我現在沒時間了。」

I'm just gonna get through as much of it as I can.

And they spend more time reading and reading and essentially just consuming more and more.

然後他們花更多時間閱讀，閱讀，基本上就是不斷地攝取更多東西。

But this is the learning equivalent of overeating.

但這就像是學習上的過度飲食。

They haven't had a chance to digest it, so they're just going to end up vomiting it all up again through the mental vomiting process we call forgetting.

他們沒有機會消化，所以最終會透過我們稱為遺忘的心理嘔吐過程，全部吐出來。

Which is why for most people, the amount that they forget after reading is extremely high, with some studies suggesting that up to 90% of what is consumed consumed is forgotten despite hours of consuming.

這就是為什麼大多數人在閱讀後忘記的內容非常多，有些研究甚至指出，儘管花了好幾個小時攝取，高達 90% 的內容都會被遺忘。

And if we're forgetting 90% of what we read, rather than consuming more and taking time away from the digesting, it actually makes more sense to spend less Time consuming and more time on the digesting and processing.

如果我們忘記了 90% 的閱讀內容，與其不斷攝取更多東西而壓縮消化時間，不如花更少時間攝取，花更多時間在消化和處理上，這樣才更有意義。

This increases your retention, which therefore increases the amount of working knowledge you're able to build.

這能增加你的記憶力，進而提升你所能建立的實用知識量。

That's why earlier I said, what goes into your brain is less important than what stays in your brain.

這也是為什麼我之前說，進到你大腦的東西，不如留在你大腦的東西重要。

And this principle of balancing stage one consuming with stage two digesting is important not just for procedural information, but

而這種平衡第一階段攝取與第二階段消化的原則，不僅對程序性資訊很重要，

對於 pacer 的其他所有類別也是。

Unfortunately, stage two digesting is almost completely neglected for the second category of information, the A of pacer, which stands for analogous.

Unfortunately, 針對第二類資訊，也就是 pacer 中的 A，也就是類比資訊，第二階段的消化幾乎被完全忽略了。

Analogous information is actually one of the easiest types of information to work with and remember and apply, because analogous information is the information that is related to something you already have prior knowledge about.

類比資訊其實是我們最好處理、記憶和應用的資訊類型之一，因為類比資訊是指與你已經擁有的先前知識相關的資訊。

And even if we don't have direct prior knowledge about it, it may remind us indirectly of something that we do have knowledge about.

即使我們沒有直接的先備知識，它也可能間接提醒我們一些我們確實有知識的東西。

For example, let's say that we are an avid swimmer and we're learning about the physiology of a muscle contraction.

例如，假設我們是個熱愛游泳的人，正在學習肌肉收縮的生理學。

When we look at that muscle contraction cycle, we might think, hey, that reminds me a lot about the swimming technique I use.

當我們看到那個肌肉收縮週期時，我們可能會想，嘿，這讓我想起了我游泳技巧的很多地方。

And by connecting the new information about muscle contraction physiology with what we already know swimming technique, we have created an analogy.

透過將關於肌肉收縮生理學的新資訊，與我們已知的游泳技巧連結起來，我們就創造了一個類比。

And so that is analogous information and analogies can form with any prior knowledge, including knowledge within a topic itself.

所以這就是類比資訊，類比可以與任何先前的知識建立連結，包括在同一個主題內的知識。

In most fields of study, there are concepts or patterns of concepts and relationships that tend to repeat and recur throughout that field.

在大多數學科領域中，都會有一些概念或概念模式與關係，這些概念會在這個領域中不斷重複出現。

You might have learned about how to solve a particular type of problem last semester, and

你可能在上學期學過如何解決某種類型的問題，

This new problem solving approach that you're learning for the first time reminds you a lot of that old problem solving process.

你第一次學習的這個新的解題方法，讓你聯想到那個舊的解題過程。

And relating those two approaches is also an analogy.

將這兩種方法連結起來也是一種類比。

So when we're engaging in stage one, the consumption period of reading, we want to actively be thinking about whether what we are reading is related to something that we already have knowledge about.

所以當我們在進行第一階段，也就是閱讀的攝取階段時，我們要主動思考我們正在讀的內容，是否與我們已經擁有的知識有關。

And once we identify it as potentially analogous information, the targeted process we want to use.

一旦我們辨識出它可能是類比資訊，我們想要使用的目標性過程。

這是我說每個人都會忽略的部分。

字幕列表影片播放

如何記住你讀過的一切！📚 (How to Remember Everything You Read)

specific

process

technique

evidence