Name: 精神病學家與心理學家 💥 職業之爭（您應該選擇哪一個？） (Psychiatrist vs Psychologist 💥 Career Battle (Which Should You Choose))
Uploaded: 2025-09-27T17:55:03.000Z
Duration: 10 min 25 s

You voted for our next career battle, and your choice was clear, psychiatrist vs psychologist.

您為我們的下一場職業之戰投了票，您的選擇很明確，精神病學家對心理學家。

關係子句

Welcome to our career battle series, where we compare two different medical career options to help you decide which is the best path for you.

歡迎來到我們的 "職業之戰 "系列，在這裡我們將比較兩種不同的醫療職業選擇，幫助您決定哪種職業最適合您。

We'll break down compensation, lifestyle, length of training, and the pros and cons of pursuing each career path.

我們將對薪酬、生活方式、培訓時間以及從事每種職業的利弊進行分析。

In previous videos, we covered doctors vs surgeons, diagnostic vs interventional radiologists, and neurologists vs psychiatrists.

在之前的視頻中，我們介紹了內科醫生與外科醫生、診斷放射科醫生與介入放射科醫生，以及神經科醫生與精神科醫生。

Today, in the battle arena, we have psychiatry vs psychology.

今天，在戰場上，我們有精神病學與心理學的較量。

Both careers focus on studying the mind, emotions, and behavior, and treating mental disorders.

這兩個職業都側重於研究心理、情緒和行為，以及治療精神疾病。

The main difference is that psychiatrists are medical doctors while psychologists are not.

主要區別在於，精神科醫生是醫生，而心理學家不是。

This means only psychiatrists can prescribe medications.

這意味著只有精神科醫生才能開藥。

Psychiatry is a medical specialty, meaning its educational background and approach are rooted in the biomedical model.

精神病學是一門醫學專科，這意味著它的教育背景和方法都植根於生物醫學模式。

The training focuses on complex diagnosis, including navigating co-occurring medical diseases like thyroid disorders and neurological conditions and managing both psychiatric and other types of medications.

培訓的重點是複雜診斷，包括如何應對甲狀腺疾病和神經系統疾病等併發症，以及如何管理精神科藥物和其他類型的藥物。

They often order diagnostic testing to rule in or rule out both medical and psychological conditions.

他們通常會要求進行診斷性測試，以排除或排除醫療和心理疾病。

Psychiatrists are trained in multiple modalities of therapy, including CBT, DBT, motivational and supportive therapies, and psychodynamic and psychoanalytical approaches.

精神科醫生接受過多種治療模式的培訓，包括 CBT、DBT、激勵和支持療法，以及心理動力學和精神分析方法。

Psychologists, on the other hand, typically focus on the psychological aspects of a patient's wellness, including diagnosis and psychotherapy.

另一方面，心理學家通常側重於病人健康的心理方面，包括診斷和心理治療。

Their background is rooted in social sciences research, although there are pathways that emphasize clinical work as well.

他們的背景紮根於社會科學研究，但也有強調臨床工作的途徑。

Whereas psychiatrists are either MD or DO physicians, the two major degrees for psychology are either a PhD, which emphasizes research, or a PsyD, which emphasizes clinical practice.

精神科醫生是 MD 或 DO 醫生，而心理學的兩個主要學位則是側重於研究的博士學位或側重於臨床實踐的心理學博士學位。

They can also perform neuropsychological testing to help understand the ways in which patients process information.

他們還可以進行神經心理學測試，幫助瞭解患者處理資訊的方式。

Despite the differences, there is a great deal of overlap between these two career paths.

儘管存在差異，但這兩種職業道路有很多重疊之處。

There are psychiatrists who only practice psychotherapy, for example, and health psychologists who are embedded within robust medical teams in hospital settings.

例如，有的精神科醫生只從事心理治療，有的健康心理學家則被安排在醫院的強大醫療團隊中。

Certain subspecialties, like neuropsychology, integrate these approaches even further.

某些亞專科，如神經心理學，甚至進一步整合了這些方法。

So how is training different between psychiatry and psychology?

那麼，精神病學和心理學的培訓有何不同？

Psychiatry is a medical specialty, which means psychiatrists follow the typical route of becoming a medical doctor. 4 years of undergraduate studies with pre-medical coursework in any major, often biology or psychology, 4 years of medical school, and 4 years of residency.

精神病學是一門醫學專科，這意味著精神科醫生遵循成為醫生的典型途徑。4 年大學學習，包括任何專業的醫學預科課程，通常是生物學或心理學；4 年醫學院學習；4 年住院醫師培訓。

Additionally, psychiatrists can further subspecialize with a 1 to 2 year fellowship in a variety of areas, including child and adolescent psychiatry, forensic psychiatry, and addiction medicine.

此外，精神科醫生還可以在兒童和青少年精神病學、法醫精神病學和成癮醫學等多個領域獲得 1 到 2 年的研究金，進一步實現亞專業化。

These subspecialties and many more are covered in our psychiatry career paths video linked in the description.

這些亞專科以及其他更多的亞專科在我們的精神病學職業道路視頻中都有介紹，鏈接在描述中。

Depending on your goals, the total educational timeline for psychiatry is 13 to 14 years.

根據您的目標，精神病學的總學制為 13 到 14 年。

While the total cost of training is difficult to estimate, the American Medical Association reports the cost to be around $160,000 for in-state programs and $260,000 for out-of-state and private school options.

雖然培訓的總成本難以估算，但美國醫學協會報告稱，州內課程的成本約為 16 萬美元，州外和私立學校的成本約為 26 萬美元。

In addition, the average cost of a 4 year undergraduate degree is approximately $110,000 at a public university for in-state students and over $160,000 at private institutions.

此外，州內學生在公立大學攻讀四年制大學學位的平均費用約為 11 萬美元，而在私立院校則超過 16 萬美元。

This brings the total educational cost to roughly $270,000 to $420,000 before accounting for interest and living expenses.

這樣，在計入利息和生活費用之前，總教育費用大約為 27 萬至 42 萬美元。

Clinical psychology follows the social sciences rather than medicine.

臨床心理學遵循的是社會科學而非醫學。

After completing a 4 year undergraduate degree, often in psychology or a related field, aspiring clinical psychologists typically pursue either a PhD or a PsyD, which takes around 5 to 7 years to complete.

有抱負的臨床心理學家在完成 4 年的大學學位（通常是心理學或相關專業）後，通常會繼續攻讀博士學位或 PsyD，這需要 5 到 7 年左右的時間才能完成。

The pathway includes extensive coursework, research or dissertation work, and supervised clinical training.

該路徑包括廣泛的課程學習、研究或論文工作以及有指導的臨床培訓。

Following graduation, psychologists must complete a 1 year postdoctoral fellowship or supervised practice, bringing the total timeline to 10 to 12 years, only slightly less than their medical counterparts.

畢業後，心理學家必須完成為期 1 年的博士後研究或指導實踐，是以總時間為 10 到 12 年，僅比醫學同行略少。

The specialization options for psychology include clinical child psychology, neuropsychology, health psychology, forensic psychology, and others, often through postdoctoral training or board certification.

心理學的專業選擇包括臨床兒童心理學、神經心理學、健康心理學、法醫心理學等，通常需要通過博士後培訓或委員會認證。

The total cost of psychology programs that heavily subsidize the cost of attendance in exchange for teaching or doing research, and there are private PsyD options that are comparable or can even exceed medical school tuition prices.

心理學課程的總費用會大幅補貼就讀費用，以換取教學或研究工作，還有一些私立心理學博士課程的學費可與醫學院的學費相媲美，甚至超過醫學院的學費。

Overall, psychiatrists are paid more than psychologists in the US due to higher health insurance reimbursement, more concierge and direct pay options, and easier integration within medical systems.

總體而言，在美國，精神科醫生的薪酬要高於心理學家，這是因為醫療保險報帳額度更高，有更多的禮賓服務和直接付費選擇，以及更容易融入醫療系統。

Currently, psychiatrists earn around $330,000 on average.

目前，精神科醫生的平均收入約為 33 萬美元。

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics and the American Psychological Association report average salaries of psychologists at around $100,000.

美國勞工統計局和美國心理學協會的報告顯示，心理學家的平均工資約為 10 萬美元。

Both professions can vary significantly depending on the compensation source, practice structure, and even geographical location.

這兩種職業會因報酬來源、執業結構甚至地理位置的不同而有很大差異。

In general, the Northeast and private practices tend to command higher salaries for both fields, while public sector and non-profit roles pay the When it comes to compensation, psychiatry is the clear winner.

一般來說，東北地區和私人診所的薪酬往往較高，而公共部門和非營利機構的薪酬則較低。

The average psychiatrist earns 230% more than the average psychologist.

精神科醫生的平均收入比心理學家高 230%。

But keep in mind that this higher paycheck comes with a higher cost of education.

但請記住，高薪伴隨著高教育成本。

The average physician leaves medical school with over $260,000 in debt.

醫學院畢業的醫生平均負債超過 26 萬美元。

Both offer flexibility, especially with the rise of telehealth, and both have many part-time and full-time options.

兩者都具有靈活性，尤其是隨著遠程醫療的興起，而且都有許多兼職和全職的選擇。

The typical schedule for most psychiatrists and psychologists is 40 hours a week with limited to no call.

大多數精神科醫生和心理醫生的典型日程安排是每週工作 40 小時，有限制地出診，甚至不出診。

That said, many psychiatric hospitals and medical settings do require 24 hour psychiatry staffing, either remotely or on-site, which provides lucrative moonlighting options.

儘管如此，許多精神病醫院和醫療機構確實需要 24 小時精神科工作人員，無論是遠程還是現場，這就為兼職工作提供了有利可圖的選擇。

Additionally, due to the medical education pathway for psychiatry, call is typically required during medical school and residency.

此外，由於精神病學的醫學教育途徑，在醫學院和住院醫師培訓期間通常需要應召。

When it comes to lifestyle, psychology has an overall advantage.

在生活方式方面，心理學具有整體優勢。

Let's talk the pros and cons of becoming a psychiatrist.

讓我們來談談成為一名精神科醫生的利與弊。

As a medical doctor, psychiatrists are considered the expert in managing mental health conditions.

作為一名醫生，精神科醫生被認為是管理精神健康狀況的專家。

Psychiatrists are often considered the leaders of behavioral health teams serving in roles such as attending doctor, medical director, and consultant to other physicians.

精神科醫生通常被認為是行為健康團隊的領導者，擔任主治醫生、醫療總監和其他醫生的顧問等角色。

Due to this advanced skillset, reimbursement remains high for this specialty, especially considering the work-life balance that comes with it.

由於技能先進，該專業的報帳額度仍然很高，特別是考慮到工作與生活的平衡。

Now, the cons of becoming a psychiatrist.

現在說說成為精神病醫生的弊端。

The academic pathway to becoming a medical doctor is notoriously intense, with intense competition as a college premed, highly rigorous years in medical school, preparing for board exams and conducting rotations in various specialties, and a more reasonable residency that will still require occasional call.

成為一名醫生的學業之路是出了名的激烈，大學醫學預科競爭激烈，在醫學院的幾年非常嚴格，要準備執業醫師考試並在各專科進行輪轉，還有更合理的住院實習，但仍需要偶爾出診。

While rates of burnout are typically lower than in other specialties in medicine, the emotional intensity and administrative burden make it generally more prone to burnout compared to psychology.

雖然倦怠率通常低於其他醫學專業，但與心理學相比，情感強度和管理負擔使其更容易產生倦怠。

Many psychiatric patients are complex, with chronic medical and severe mental health conditions, which can be challenging to manage in a fragmented healthcare system.

許多精神病患者病情複雜，既有慢性病，又有嚴重的精神健康問題，在分散的醫療保健系統中管理起來非常困難。

Now, let's consider the pros and cons of becoming a psychologist.

現在，讓我們來看看成為心理學家的利與弊。

Psychology is the true winner when it comes to lifestyle, both during training and when working in the field.

說到生活方式，心理學才是真正的贏家，無論是在訓練期間還是在野外工作時。

Psychologists, especially those in private practice, often have more time with their patients and more freedom to focus on psychotherapy without being pulled in different directions.

心理學家，尤其是私人執業的心理學家，往往有更多的時間與病人在一起，有更多的自由專注於心理治療，而不會被拉到不同的方向。

And third, deeper emphasis on behavioral science.

Psychologists receive more rigorous training in psychological testing, developmental theory, and evidence-based therapy modalities.

心理學家在心理測試、發展理論和循證治療模式方面接受更嚴格的培訓。

On average, psychologists earn significantly less than psychiatrists even in private practice models.

平均而言，即使在私人執業模式下，心理學家的收入也明顯低於精神科醫生。

Second, less structured pathway to independence.

其次，實現獨立的途徑結構化程度較低。

Psychology training can seem fragmented and inconsistent compared to the medical model, which has more streamlined licensing requirements and regulated training programs.

與醫療模式相比，心理學培訓可能顯得零散而不連貫，因為醫療模式有更簡化的許可要求和規範的培訓計劃。

And third, limited prescriptive authority.

Most psychologists cannot prescribe medication, as they do not have the full breadth of training as a medical doctor.

大多數心理學家不能開處方，因為他們沒有接受過像醫生那樣全面的培訓。

While some states do offer advanced training pathways for psychologists to gain limited prescribing rights, this remains controversial and is significantly restricted compared to psychiatry.

雖然有些州確實為心理學家提供了獲得有限處方權的高級培訓途徑，但這仍然存在爭議，而且與精神病學相比，受到很大限制。

If you value medical training, want the authority to lead interdisciplinary teams, and prescribe medications with the flexibility to do psychotherapy, and are comfortable with high responsibility and complex patient presentations, psychiatry is the stronger option.

如果您重視醫學培訓，希望擁有上司跨學科團隊、開具藥物處方的權力，同時又能靈活地進行心理治療，並樂於承擔高度的責任和麵對複雜的病人情況，那麼精神病學將是您更有力的選擇。

It offers higher pay, broader clinical authority, and more versatility across settings from inpatient to medical consultant to private practice.

它提供更高的薪酬、更廣泛的臨床權限，以及從住院病人到醫療顧問再到私人執業的更多功能。

The main tradeoffs are intense training, a greater risk of burnout, and a health system that often reduces psychiatrists to medication managers unless you carve out a niche in therapy, lifestyle psychiatry, or mind-body medicine.

主要的代價是高強度的培訓、更大的職業倦怠風險，以及除非你在治療、生活方式精神病學或身心醫學方面開闢出一片天地，否則醫療系統往往會將精神科醫生降格為藥物管理者。

If you're more interested in psychotherapy or psychological theory, or prefer a lifestyle with more autonomy and potentially less administrative overhead, psychology offers a better fit.

如果您對心理治療或心理學理論更感興趣，或者更喜歡自主性更強、行政開銷可能更少的生活方式，那麼心理學更適合您。

The training background is more humanistically centered, with a deeper emphasis on psychotherapy, albeit with notably less pay and limited medical scope in general.

培訓背景更加以人本主義為中心，更加強調心理治療，但薪酬明顯較低，醫療範圍總體有限。

Psychiatry is often better suited for those with a strong scientific background, while the academic endurance and research demands of psychology are better suited to those with a strong social sciences background.

精神病學通常更適合具有深厚科學背景的人，而心理學的學術耐力和研究要求則更適合具有深厚社會科學背景的人。

Choose psychiatry if you want medical authority, higher pay, and flexibility, and are willing to tolerate a complicated healthcare system.

如果你想要醫療權威、高薪和靈活性，並願意忍受複雜的醫療保健系統，那就選擇精神科吧。

Choose psychology if you want therapeutic depth, autonomy, and academic rigor, and are willing to tolerate a less lucrative path.

如果你希望獲得深入的治療、自主性和嚴謹的學術研究，並願意忍受較低的收入，那麼就選擇心理學吧。

What medical career paths would you like us to cover next?

您希望我們接下來介紹哪些醫學職業道路？

Doctor vs nurse practitioner, neurosurgeon vs neurologist, or EM doctor vs trauma surgeon?

醫生對執業護士、神經外科醫生對神經科醫生，還是急診科醫生對創傷外科醫生？