Name: 宇宙的尺度--用數字表示我們的小小宇宙（第 1 部分） (Scale of the universe - Our TINY UNIVERSE in NUMBERS (Part 1))
Uploaded: 2025-06-17T14:48:58.000Z
Duration: 9 min 15 s

This video is a two-part collaboration with fellow YouTuber Arvin Ash.

這段視頻由兩部分組成，是與同為優酷用戶的阿文-阿什（Arvin Ash）合作完成的。

Together we are going to discuss the scale of the universe in numbers with some pretty mind-blowing facts and figures.

我們將一起用一些令人震驚的事實和數字來討論宇宙的規模。

So make sure you check out Arvin's video and incredible channel after this video.

是以，請務必在本視頻之後查看阿文的視頻和令人難以置信的頻道。

The universe is magical and mysterious, and humans are ever looking to understand how it works and what makes it tick.

宇宙是神奇而神祕的，人類一直在探索它是如何運作的，以及是什麼讓它運轉的。

One way our brains make sense of things is with mathematics, statistics, and numbers, helping give us perspective on all we know.

數學、統計和數字是我們大腦理解事物的一種方式，它們幫助我們透視我們所知道的一切。

From the tiny aspects of matter, to the gargantuan scale of space, and all the wonders it holds.

從物質的微小方面，到空間的巨大尺度，以及它所蘊含的一切奇蹟。

Today we are going to take you on an adventure in numbers, showing you some of the most important numbers in science, starting small and intricate, working our way up to dizzying, awe-inspiring numbers.

今天，我們將帶您進行一次數字探險，向您展示科學中一些最重要的數字，從小而複雜的數字開始，逐步上升到令人眼花繚亂、歎為觀止的數字。

There is only one place to start, and that is zero.

Matter, antimatter, and light are all classed as positive energy, so you would think that with so much light, and even explosions from all the stars in the universe, energy would be positive in balance.

物質、反物質和光都被歸類為正能量，所以你會認為，有這麼多的光，甚至宇宙中所有恆星的爆炸，能量應該是正平衡的。

But as the gravitational energy between atoms and objects are classed as negative, this actually cancels out the positive energy.

但是，由於原子和物體之間的引力能量被歸類為負能量，這實際上抵消了正能量。

Stephen Hawking explained it like this, two pieces of matter that are close to each other have less positive energy than the same two pieces a long way apart, because you have to expend energy to separate them against the gravitational force that is pulling them together.

斯蒂芬-霍金是這樣解釋的：相距很近的兩塊物質的正能量比相距很遠的兩塊物質的正能量要少，因為你必須消耗能量把它們分開，以對抗把它們拉在一起的引力。

Since it takes positive energy to separate the two pieces of matter, gravity must be using negative energy to pull them together.

既然將兩塊物質分開需要正能量，那麼萬有引力一定是利用負能量將它們拉到一起的。

In the case of a universe that is approximately uniform in space, one can show that this negative gravitational energy exactly cancels the positive energy represented by the matter, so the total energy of the universe is zero.

在宇宙空間近似均勻的情況下，我們可以證明這種負引力能量正好抵消了物質所代表的正能量，是以宇宙的總能量為零。

Let's not waste any energy wrecking our heads over this.

我們就不要再為這個問題傷腦筋了。

This incredibly small number is Planck time.

這個小得令人難以置信的數字就是普朗克時間。

This is regarded as the smallest unit of time that has any meaning.

這被視為具有任何意義的最小時間組織、部門。

It is the time a photon traveling at the speed of light would take to travel a Planck length, the smallest measure of distance we have, which is thought to make up the quantum foam on which space-time is built.

這是以光速飛行的光子走完一個普朗克長度所需的時間，普朗克長度是我們所能測量的最小距離，被認為是構成時空的量子保麗龍。

It is 20 powers of 10 smaller than the diameter of a hydrogen nucleus.

它比氫原子核的直徑小 10 的 20 倍。

The laws of physics state that the universe could only be classified as existing after it lived for this amount of time. 1.

根據物理定律，宇宙只有在生存了這麼長的時間後才能被歸類為存在。1.

Hydrogen Number 1 of the periodic table, with one electron orbiting one proton, hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and probably the first that ever existed. 4.

氫 氫是元素週期表中的 1 號元素，一個電子繞著一個質子運行，是宇宙中最豐富的元素，也可能是有史以來最早存在的元素。4.

Number of Fundamental Forces We're not forcing you to watch this video, but let's explain the hidden forces that make it possible for you to do so.

基本力量的數量 我們不會強迫你觀看這段視頻，但讓我們來解釋一下讓你觀看視頻成為可能的隱藏力量。

First, we have gravity, which acts as an attractive force between any two masses, and is trying to pull you and your atoms into the center of the Earth right now.

首先，我們有萬有引力，它是任何兩個品質之間的吸引力，現在正試圖把你和你的原子拉到地球中心。

Now the reason we don't is the second force, electromagnetism, which can interact with any atoms and molecules with an electrical charge through repulsion and attraction, together keeping you and the floor as one piece.

現在我們不這樣做的原因是第二種力--電磁力，它可以通過斥力和吸引力與任何帶電荷的原子和分子相互作用，共同將你和地板保持為一體。

The third is the weak nuclear force, which is responsible for nuclear beta decay.

第三種是弱核力，它負責核β衰變。

This is when a neutron within the nucleus changes into a proton and an electron, which is then ejected from the nucleus.

這是指原子核內的中子變成質子和電子，然後從原子核中射出。

This force ultimately enables the existence of stars and our sun.

這種力量最終促成了恆星和太陽的存在。

The fourth is the strong nuclear force, which binds the nuclei of atoms together.

第四種是強核力，它將原子核結合在一起。

The force is strong enough to keep two protons that normally repel each other together, making it the strongest of the four forces.

這種力的強度足以讓兩個通常相互排斥的質子保持在一起，是四種力中最強的一種。

Without these forces, you would not exist.

沒有這些力量，你就不會存在。

And probably matter wouldn't exist either. 5, as in 5% of our visible universe.

物質可能也不會存在。5，是指我們可見宇宙的 5%。

This amazingly is the small percentage of mass of the universe all around us that we have been able to observe and quantify.

令人驚歎的是，我們能夠觀測和量化的宇宙品質只佔我們周圍宇宙品質的一小部分。

The remainder is still all around us, but so far remains invisible, around 25% being dark matter and 70% known as dark energy. 11, dimensions theorized by string theory.

剩下的部分仍在我們周圍，但至今仍不可見，其中約 25% 是暗物質，70% 被稱為暗能量。11，弦理論理論的維度。

This is the amount of dimensions proposed in the universe when unifying the relationships of the five prominent string theories, known as M-theory or membrane theory.

這是在統一五種著名弦理論（即 M 理論或膜理論）的關係時提出的宇宙維數。

String theory replaces all the matter and forces in the universe with tiny vibrating strings that twist and turn in ways to make up every single particle.

弦理論用微小的振動弦取代了宇宙中的所有物質和力量，這些振動弦以扭曲和轉動的方式構成了每一個粒子。

And all the different types of particles in the universe will have a different note that distinguishes it and forms the cosmic symphony we are part of.

宇宙中所有不同類型的粒子都會有一個不同的音符，將其區分開來，形成我們所在的宇宙交響樂。

The first dimension is like a line of two connecting points with width the only measurement to exist.

第一個維度就像一條由兩個連接點組成的線，寬度是唯一的測量值。

The second dimension adds height and any basic flat space you can imagine exists here.

二維空間增加了高度，你能想象到的任何基本平面空間在這裡都存在。

The third dimension is where we exist and adds depth to the equation, but time does not exist here, that is added as the fourth dimension.

三度空間是我們存在的地方，它增加了等式的深度，但時間在這裡並不存在，它是作為四度空間加入的。

Time gives any object existing in three dimensions a location where it can exist in the universe.

時間賦予三維空間中的任何物體在宇宙中存在的位置。

Now begins the higher dimensions which are theorized to exist but are imperceptible to us as they are believed to exist on a subatomic level.

現在，我們開始進入理論上存在但我們無法感知的更高維度，因為我們相信它們存在於亞原子層面。

We won't explain them all as your head might explode, but the seventh dimension enables multiple universes, all with their own beginnings and own individual laws of nature that make them up.

我們就不一一解釋了，因為你的腦袋可能會爆炸，但第七維度可以實現多個宇宙，它們都有自己的起源和各自的自然法則。

The eighth holds every single possible outcome of past and present for all the universes in the seventh dimension.

第八維擁有第七維所有宇宙過去和現在的所有可能結果。

The eleventh dimension is thought to be the maximum because of self-consistency.

由於自洽性，第十一維度被認為是最大的。

Any more and they would become unstable and collapse back down to the maximum of 11 anyway.

再多的話，它們就會變得不穩定，無論如何都會坍塌回 11 個的最大值。

In the eleventh dimension, anything and everything is possible.

在十一維空間，一切皆有可能。

All pasts, futures, beginnings and ends are laid bare and you would be able to manipulate or change any part of this you desire, and to think this is theorized to exist and be all around us right now, but be totally inaccessible to us.

所有的過去、未來、開始和結束都會被暴露出來，你可以隨心所欲地操縱或改變其中的任何部分，而這一切理論上是存在的，現在就在我們身邊，但我們卻完全無法觸及。

Science is mad. 42, the number that is the true meaning of life.

科學是瘋狂的。42，生命真諦的數字。

This was the number that supercomputer Deep Thought came up with after millions of years of processing in the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.

這是《銀河系漫遊指南》中超級計算機 "深思 "經過數百萬年處理後得出的數字。

A great movie, if you haven't checked it out, check it out.

這是一部很棒的電影，如果你還沒看過，不妨去看看。

Who knows, maybe Deep Thought knows something we don't?

誰知道呢，也許深思知道一些我們不知道的事情？

The abundance of hydrogen and helium in the universe accounts for 98% of all normal matter. 74% is hydrogen and 24% is helium.

宇宙中氫和氦的含量佔所有正常物質的 98%。其中 74% 是氫，24% 是氦。

Every other element in the universe, oxygen, carbon, iron, and all the others that we are familiar with, only add up to the remaining 2%. 118, elements in the periodic table.

宇宙中的其他元素，氧、碳、鐵以及我們所熟悉的所有其他元素，加起來只佔剩下的 2%。118，元素週期表中的元素。

The number of elements in the universe we have discovered weighs in at 118.

我們發現的宇宙中的元素共有 118 種。

Everything around you right now is made up of a combination of these elements. 94 of the elements have been found to naturally occur on Earth.

現在，你周圍的一切都由這些元素組合而成。目前已發現有 94 種元素天然存在於地球上。

The remaining 24 have yet to be found on Earth or in space naturally and have been created artificially.

其餘 24 個尚未在地球或太空中自然發現，而是人工創造的。

The numbers generally increase with atomic mass.

數字一般隨原子質量的增加而增加。

Anything over 100 in the table is so unstable when created, it usually only lasts for a few milliseconds before decaying into lighter elements. 380, wavelength in nanometers of the color violet.

表中超過 100 的元素在產生時非常不穩定，通常只能持續幾毫秒就會衰變成更輕的元素。380，紫色的波長（納米）。

The shortest color wavelength the human eye can see in the visible light spectrum.

在可見光光譜中，人眼能看到的最短顏色波長。

Any lower and it is not visible to us. 500 is the time in seconds light takes to hit us from the sun.

再低的話，我們就看不到了。500 是光從太陽照射到我們身上的時間，組織、部門為秒。

Light emitting from the sun travels at 186,282 miles per second.

太陽發出的光以每秒 186282 英里的速度傳播。

The light we are seeing from the sun has taken 8.2 minutes to reach us, or 500 seconds. 700, wavelength in nanometers of the color red.

我們看到的太陽光經過 8.2 分鐘才到達我們這裡，即 500 秒。700，紅色的波長（納米）。

On the high end of the visible light spectrum is the color red, its wavelength being 700 nanometers a second.

可見光光譜的高端是紅色，其波長為每秒 700 納米。

Now over to Arvind's channel, where we will discuss the scale of the universe all the way up to infinity and beyond.

現在轉到阿文德的頻道，我們將在那裡討論宇宙的尺度，一直到無窮大，甚至更遠。

Click the link on screen here or find it in the description below.

點擊螢幕上的鏈接，或在下面的說明中查找。