Name: 微型起搏器可幫助最年輕的患者 | 2025年4月11日 (Tiny Pacemaker Could Help Youngest Patients | April 11, 2025)
Uploaded: 2025-04-12T01:12:40.000Z
Duration: 10 min 23 s

Quick psychology term that I'm going to share with you before we get to your news and head into this weekend, serial position effect.

在我們播報新聞和進入週末之前，我要和大家分享一個快速的心理學術語--連環位置效應。

It's a psychological phenomenon describing how people have this tendency to remember the first and last items in a series.

這是一種心理現象，描述了人們如何具有記住系列中第一個和最後一個項目的傾向。

That's why I'm often saying, let's start this week off strong.

這就是為什麼我經常說，讓我們在本週開始時就強勢起來。

讓我們為本週畫上圓滿的句號。

We only have 86,400 seconds in a day, so let's tackle this last day of the week with some enthusiasm and finish this week strong.

一天只有 86 400 秒，讓我們以飽滿的熱情迎接本週的最後一天，為本週畫上圓滿的句號。

There's an outbreak of measles in multiple states in the United States.

The outbreak began in a rural county in Texas and has now spread to several hundred cases there.

疫情始於得克薩斯州的一個農村縣，目前已擴散到當地的幾百個病例。

New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Kansas have also confirmed cases of measles.

新墨西哥州、俄克拉荷馬州和堪薩斯州也確診了麻疹病例。

Measles is one of the world's most contagious diseases that is also easily preventable with a vaccine.

麻疹是世界上最容易傳染的疾病之一，也很容易通過接種疫苗來預防。

The viral infection can be serious for small children.

病毒感染對幼兒來說可能很嚴重。

Symptoms like coughing, runny nose, sore throat, fever, and skin rash are slow to appear, usually 10 to 14 days after exposure.

咳嗽、流鼻涕、喉嚨痛、發燒和皮疹等症狀出現較慢，通常在接觸後 10 到 14 天出現。

The measles vaccine was developed in the 1960s and is so effective that measles was declared fully eradicated in the U.S. in 2000.

麻疹疫苗開發於 20 世紀 60 年代，非常有效，2000 年美國宣佈完全消滅麻疹。

Centers for Disease Control, or CDC, recommends one dose of the vaccine between 12 to 15 months of age and another between 4 and 6 years old.

美國疾病控制中心（CDC）建議在 12 到 15 個月大時接種一劑疫苗，在 4 到 6 歲時再接種一劑。

It's important to note that measles has not been eradicated in many countries around the world and outbreaks can happen because of imported cases and low vaccination rates.

值得注意的是，麻疹在世界許多國家還沒有被根除，由於外來病例和疫苗接種率低，麻疹可能會爆發。

Local officials and states linked to the measles outbreak are now concerned the measles virus could spread into high-traffic areas and vulnerable populations.

與麻疹疫情有關的地方官員和各州現在擔心，麻疹病毒可能會傳播到人流量大的地區和易感人群中。

Because of the contagious nature of the virus and low vaccination rates in some areas of the country, experts expect the outbreak could continue to grow.

由於病毒具有傳染性，而且該國一些地區的疫苗接種率較低，專家預計疫情可能會繼續擴大。

Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F.

Kennedy Jr. is publicly urging people to get the measles vaccine.

小肯尼迪公開呼籲人們接種麻疹疫苗。

Let's hear from our Dr. Sanjay Gupta who explains what measles is and why it's so contagious.

讓我們聽 Sanjay Gupta 博士解釋什麼是麻疹以及為什麼麻疹如此具有傳染性。

Measles is one of the most contagious diseases on the planet.

麻疹是地球上傳染性最強的疾病之一。

Now, like the flu or COVID-19, it can be spread through coughing, sneezing, even breathing.

現在，它與流感或 COVID-19 一樣，可以通過咳嗽、打噴嚏甚至呼吸傳播。

But the thing about the measles virus is that it can also linger longer.

但麻疹病毒的問題是，它也會持續更長時間。

If someone had measles and left the room, two hours later, if someone who was unvaccinated walked in, they would have a 90% chance of getting measles.

如果有人得了麻疹並離開了房間，兩小時後，如果沒有接種疫苗的人走進房間，他們得麻疹的機率將達到 90%。

It's also estimated that a person with measles could infect 9 out of 10 of their close contacts if their contacts are unvaccinated.

此外，據估計，如果麻疹患者的密切接觸者沒有接種疫苗，那麼 10 個密切接觸者中就有 9 個會受到感染。

Another reason it's so contagious is that it can spread before symptoms even develop.

它如此具有傳染性的另一個原因是，它可以在症狀出現之前就傳播開來。

That means you can spread it to others days before you start to get sick, days before those characteristic red spots appear.

這意味著，在你開始生病的前幾天，在那些特徵性紅斑出現的前幾天，你就可以把它傳染給其他人。

And because measles is so contagious, you need a really high level of vaccination.

由於麻疹的傳染性很強，是以需要接種大量疫苗。

We're talking 95% in the community to help keep it at bay.

我們說的是社區中 95% 的人都在幫助遏制它。

That's why we see outbreaks occur in pockets of the country where that number has dropped.

這就是為什麼我們看到疫情在全國一些地區爆發，而這些地區的疫情數量卻有所下降。

Now to news out of the Middle East, where Israel has ordered six UN schools in East Jerusalem to close within 30 days.

現在是來自中東的消息，以色列命令東耶路撒冷的六所聯合國學校在30天內關閉。

The closures will mean roughly 800 students there may not be able to finish the school year.

這意味著大約 800 名學生可能無法完成學業。

The schools were run by the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees, which operates schools for Palestinians in Israeli occupied areas.

這些學校由聯合國巴勒斯坦難民救濟和工程處管理，該機構為以色列佔領區的巴勒斯坦人開辦學校。

Israel has accused a handful of employees of that agency in Gaza of participating in the attack on Israelis on October 7th of 2023, a claim the UN denies.

以色列指控該機構在加沙的幾名僱員參與了 2023 年 10 月 7 日對以色列人的襲擊，聯合國否認了這一指控。

Israel's Ministry of Education is now telling parents to register the students in other schools.

以色列教育部現在正通知家長將學生送到其他學校註冊。

But with the war in Gaza continuing, the education system for Palestinians in the region is in ruins.

但是，隨著加沙戰爭的持續，該地區巴勒斯坦人的教育系統已成為一片廢墟。

At least 70% of the school buildings there in Gaza have taken direct hits from Israeli airstrikes and nearly a quarter of university campuses have been destroyed.

加沙至少有 70% 的校舍被以色列空襲直接擊中，近四分之一的大學校園被摧毀。

The UN says none of the nearly 800,000 students there have had any formal schooling for more than a year.

聯合國稱，那裡的近 80 萬名學生中沒有人接受過一年以上的正規教育。

Many of those schools were located within large areas of land that Israel seized to incorporate into what the military has announced as security zones.

其中許多學校位於以色列奪取的大片土地上，這些土地被以色列軍方宣佈為安全區。

Our Jeremy Dimon shows us how the military transformed part of Gazan territory within about a half a mile of the Israeli border into rubble.

我們的傑里米-迪蒙（Jeremy Dimon）向我們展示了軍方是如何將以色列邊境約半英里內的部分加沙領土變成廢墟的。

Inside Gaza, swathes of land closest to the Israeli border have been turned into a wasteland.

在加沙境內，最靠近以色列邊境的大片土地已變成荒地。

Nearly every building within about a half a mile of the border fence has been destroyed.

邊境圍欄半英里範圍內的幾乎所有建築都被摧毀。

We filmed this footage a year ago while demolitions were still ongoing.

一年前，當拆除工作仍在進行時，我們拍攝了這段視頻。

Over time, the Israeli military has razed about 22 square miles of Palestinian land, creating a buffer zone on about 16% of Gaza's territory.

隨著時間的推移，以色列軍隊夷平了約 22 平方英里的巴勒斯坦土地，在加沙約 16% 的領土上建立了一個緩衝區。

It is a no-go zone for Palestinians, some of whom have been killed after setting foot inside the unmarked perimeter.

對巴勒斯坦人來說，這是一個禁區，其中一些人在踏入無標記的警戒線後被殺害。

Over the course of the war, this one-time economic hub was flattened.

在戰爭期間，這個曾經的經濟中心被夷為平地。

This video, which CNN Geo located, shows the destruction of Gaza's only Coca-Cola factory.

CNN Geo 找到的這段視頻顯示了加沙唯一一家可口可樂工廠被摧毀的情景。

In the town of Huzzah, hundreds of homes were leveled, with a clear zone of destruction spanning about one kilometer from the border.

在胡扎鎮，數百棟房屋被夷為平地，從邊境線起約一公里的範圍內都是明顯的破壞區。

Residential buildings, greenhouses, sheds, factories, you name it, it needs to be flat.

住宅樓、溫室、棚屋、工廠，只要你能想到的，都需要平整。

That's the order, a sergeant major who served in Huzzah said.

曾在胡扎服役的一名軍士長說，這是命令。

Except for the UNRWA school and that small water facility, the directive was nothing left.

除了近東救濟工程處的學校和那個小型供水設施外，指令中什麼也沒留下。

He is one of a dozen Israeli soldiers who described the demolitions and enforcement of the buffer zone to Breaking the Silence, an Israeli watchdog group that verifies and publishes soldiers' testimonials.

他是向以色列監督組織 "打破沉默"（Breaking the Silence）描述拆遷和緩衝區執法情況的十幾名以色列阿兵哥之一，該組織負責核實和公佈阿兵哥的證詞。

The Israeli military did not respond to CNN's request for comment.

以色列軍方沒有迴應 CNN 的置評請求。

More than 6,200 Palestinian buildings have been damaged or destroyed within one kilometer of the Gaza border, according to satellite analysis, including here in Al-Bureij, where homes and acres of farmland were destroyed.

根據衛星分析，加沙邊境一公里範圍內有 6 200 多座巴勒斯坦建築物遭到破壞或摧毀，其中包括這裡的 Al-Bureij，那裡的房屋和數英畝農田被摧毀。

What animal was the first to use an external cardiac pacemaker?

最早使用體外心臟起搏器的動物是什麼？

In 1952, doctors at the University of Toronto successfully paced the heart of a dog using an external electronic pacemaker, a medical device which is implanted in millions of people today, helping to stabilize their heartbeat.

1952 年，多倫多大學的醫生使用體外電子起搏器成功地為一隻狗進行了心臟起搏，這種醫療設備如今已植入數百萬人的體內，幫助他們穩定心跳。

Today's story, getting a 10 out of 10, goes to a pacemaker so small it can fit on the tip of a needle.

今天的故事滿分 10 分，講述的是一個小到可以裝在針尖上的心臟起搏器。

Scientists at Northwestern University say they have developed the world's smallest pacemaker, smaller than a grain of rice.

美國西北大學的科學家說，他們已經研製出世界上最小的心臟起搏器，比一粒米還小。

It can be injected into a patient's body without surgery.

它無需手術即可注入患者體內。

Normally, the medical device fits in the palm of a hand, typically about the size of a matchbox.

通常情況下，醫療設備可以放在手掌中，大小與火柴盒差不多。

Our Jacqueline Howard shows us how the device works and the tiniest patients it could one day help.

我們的傑奎琳-霍華德（Jacqueline Howard）向我們展示了該設備的工作原理，以及有朝一日它能幫助的最微小的病人。

It's about the same size as a sesame seed.

They're calling this the world's smallest pacemaker.

他們稱其為世界上最小的心臟起搏器。

Engineers at Northwestern University developed the device to be so miniscule that it fits inside the tip of a syringe, and it can be injected right into a patient's chest, so no invasive surgery is needed.

美國西北大學的工程師們開發的這種裝置非常微小，可以裝在注射器的針尖裡，而且可以直接注射到病人的胸部，是以不需要進行侵入性手術。

It works alongside this small patch stuck to the skin.

它與貼在皮膚上的小貼片一起發揮作用。

When an irregular heartbeat is detected, it flashes.

檢測到心律不齊時，它會閃爍。

That light activates electrodes on the pacemaker and then sends electrical impulses to the heart, helping to control and correct the pace of the heartbeats.

光線會激活起搏器上的電極，然後向心髒髮出電脈衝，幫助控制和糾正心跳的節奏。

While this tiny pacemaker can work with a heart of any size, it might especially benefit newborn babies with congenital heart defects as they recover from serious heart surgeries.

雖然這種微小的起搏器可以適用於任何大小的心臟，但它可能會特別有利於患有先天性心臟缺陷的新生兒從嚴重的心臟手術中恢復過來。

Post-op recovery can be daunting, especially for infants who undergo that kind of surgery.

術後恢復可能令人生畏，尤其是對於接受這種手術的嬰兒來說。

The pacemaker isn't meant to be worn for life.

心臟起搏器並不是要終身佩戴的。

It will dissolve away over a period of six to nine months completely.

它將在六到九個月內完全溶解。

For now, this tiny piece of technology is still an experiment, but one day it could make a big difference for our youngest, tiniest heart patients.

目前，這項微小的技術仍處於試驗階段，但總有一天，它能為我們最年輕、最微小的心臟病患者帶來巨大的改變。

All right, everybody, now it's time for the best part of the week.

好了，各位，現在是本週最精彩的部分。

It's shout-out time, and we're showing some love to Utterback School in Conrad, Montana.

現在是吶喊時間，我們要向蒙大拿州康拉德市的烏特貝克學校表達愛意。

Remember to go out, make someone smile this weekend.

這個週末，記得走出去，讓別人會心一笑。

You never know when or how, but you just may be the light someone needs.

你永遠不知道何時、以何種方式，但你可能就是別人需要的那束光。

You are more powerful than you know, and thanks to all of you who have been subscribing to our CNN10 YouTube channel.

你們比自己知道的更有力量，感謝所有訂閱我們 CNN10 YouTube 頻道的人。

We're about to hit one million followers.

It's been a blessing to spend this week with you.

能與你們共度這一週，我感到非常榮幸。

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微型起搏器可幫助最年輕的患者 | 2025年4月11日 (Tiny Pacemaker Could Help Youngest Patients | April 11, 2025)

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