a huge gust of wind, or a fake rain shower,

超強颶風或是一場假雨

this man's got you covered.

全包在這個男人身上

Some TV shows and movies film scenes in extreme weather

一些電視節目、電影中的極端氣候

to make the story feel more realistic.

都讓故事感覺更加逼真

But there's one big problem with that approach.

但要做到那種程度有個大問題

You can never count on the weather to work for you.

你永遠不能信任天公會作美

Jeremy Chernick is a designer

Jeremy Chernick 是在布魯克林

at J&M Special Effects in Brooklyn.

J &M 特效公司的設計師

You can't schedule the entire crew around waiting for snow.

你不能安排整個劇組待在那就為了等一場雪

So you often have to make it yourself.

所以大多時候得自己來

Jeremy's company creates practical special effects

Jeremy 的公司為各式各樣的直播、MV 和作品

for a variety of live shows, music videos, and other productions.

設計出實用的特效

All the Disney Broadway shows, "Aladdin," "Frozen."

全部迪士尼、百老匯的演出，像是《阿拉丁》、《冰雪奇緣》

He made it rain on Shawn Mendes at the 2018 MTV VMA's.

他在 Shawn Mendes 2018 年的音樂錄音帶大獎演出上做出大雨滂沱的效果

J&M also rents out equipment for TV shows

J&M 也出租器材給電視節目

like "Gotham," and "Elementary."

像是犯罪電視劇《萬惡高譚市》及《福爾摩斯及華生》

Basically, any conditions you can imagine,

基本上，任何你能想像的情形

he can whip up.

他都能變出來

But the trick to creating fake weather

但做出假天氣的訣竅在於

is that it just needs to look real in the camera frame.

只要讓一切在攝影機鏡頭下看起來逼真就行

You don't need all the weather in the world

想要讓這顆鏡頭拍到滂沱大雨

to know it's raining in a shot this big.

你不必搞到整個都下大雨

You just need rain in the background or rain on top.

只需要讓背景或是上面有雨水就行

So what exactly does it take

所以到底要如何

to create the illusion of weather on camera or on stage?

在相機或舞台上創造出天氣的假象呢？

There are a lot of different ways that rain is done.

有很多不同方式來製造下雨

And it depends on whether you're interior or exterior.

端看你是在攝影棚裡面或外頭

Outside, you can get a permit to hook

在外面，你可以取得許可打開

up a hose to a fire hydrant or a water truck.

消防栓或是使用水車

You can split that water out to a variety of locations,

你可以將水灑到不同地點

and usually high big towers go up

通常像是高樓的話

that can spray water from unbelievably high.

就能從高得要命的地方下下灑

Indoors you need a self-contained system attached to water supply.

在室內的話，你需要個能附上補水功能的自控系統

Right above me is a rain bar.

在我正上方是個雨水桿

So we have rain that is pouring down in sort of a five-inch channel,

所以我們能讓雨水直落到五英吋長的管道

so if you're looking dead at it,

若你直直看過去

it looks pretty three-dimensional because you have rain here and here,

因為你這裡和這裡都在下雨，就好像 3D 特效一樣

and plus we can add a level of sort of mist into that

我們還能再把水霧等級加高一個層次

that will just give it an even larger depth of field.

那就會讓那區塊的雨勢更深更大

And you can have rows and rows and rows of them.

你還能有更多排的類似雨水桿

The systems in place to keep that rain from never ever dripping unless you wanted it to rain

這邊的系統能讓雨水從滴水不漏直到你要它降下來

is actually more complex than the moments when it's actually raining.

這甚至比真正下雨的時候還要複雜

It's mostly fairly low tech.

普遍來說沒這麼高科技啦

There are a number of different products

有幾項不同的產品

that are used to replicate snowflakes.

被用來替代雪花

You can get pretty large paper flakes

你能用巨大的方形紙片

that are squares and they fall in a very beautiful and specific way,

讓它們掉落成美麗又特定的方式

you can get shredded paper that falls sort of organically.

也能讓碎紙有組織性地落下

You can get it shredded plastic, which has a different feel to it,

用碎塑膠的話又是一種感覺

and the way that you deliver that is through blowers that are blowing it far overhead and a long distance.

你灑落的方式多半是透過送風機，將假雪花經過長距離吹送到高處

They also have special soap-based products

他們也有特殊的肥皂製產品

that won't stain clothes or make the ground slippery.

並不會用髒衣服或讓地板溼滑

Essentially, it's like tiny bits of foam

實質上，他們就像是超小型泡泡

and that is a machine that is pushing that soap

機器會將泡沫吹過過濾器

through a filter that makes it into snowflakes.

再將他們變成雪花

Environmentally, there's all sorts of stuff

環境中有各式各樣的物質

that ends up in the air to fill a picture in terms of haze, fog, smoke.

最終在空氣中能形成朦朧、霧跟煙的樣貌

These effects are usually produced with a fog machine.

這些效果通常都是由製霧器製成

The most commonly used interior fog is glycol based,

最常用於室內霧的是乙二醇

which is a type of alcohol.

就是酒精的一種

Sometimes you want the fog to fill the screen,

有時你希望霧可以充滿螢幕

and other times you want low-lying fog,

其他時候又想要低點的霧

which requires a few special tricks.

這要得講究一些特別的戲法了

That is most often done now using liquid CO2,

這種最常用的是液態二氧化碳

or liquid nitrogen to chill the glycol fog to a very cold level.

或是固態氮來急速凍結乙二醇霧

And that coldness is what keeps it low to the ground.

那個冷度就是能將它維持在地面低處的原因

The thing that's funny about wind,

風的有趣之處

to me, is that you don't see wind unless it's either moving clothing or hair,

對我而言，就是除非它在吹動衣服或頭髮，

or if it has some fog or some level of fog in it.

或是某些程度的霧在裡頭，否則壓根看不到

J&M has fans of all sizes.

J&M 有各種大小的風扇

We have incredibly quiet fans designed specifically for live television.

我們有為電視直播秀設計的超靜音的風扇

With any of these weather effects,

有了任何一些天氣特效

you want to be extra careful to protect camera equipment and the actors.

你會需要特別小心保護攝影器材跟演員

There's a shield, there's plastic bagging, there's sometimes tents.

片場會有遮蔽物、塑膠袋，有時也會有帳篷

There's also a risk of flooding indoors.

室內也有起水災的風險

Often scenery is going to be built and designed with water catch underneath,

通常佈景底下會建造並設計蓄水池

so it will be raining on what looks like the floor,

所以看似下雨下在地面上

but it's designed to collect water.

但實際上是收集水用的

While these weather systems may not be exactly like the real thing,

這些天氣系統可能不像真正的一模一樣

they get the job done.

他們卻做到了

You don't have to do a huge amount of post work

若你的特效做得讓它看起來天衣無縫

if your special effects are right and they look right.

你就不必做一堆後續工作

And they're telling your story.

這些特效自然會幫你說故事

And the realistic stuff, is you can tell it's real.

事實是，你可以看出這些特效是玩真的