Name: 美國造船業的挑戰，攸關國家國防！ (US shipbuilding challenges a matter of national defense)
Uploaded: 2026-02-28T11:35:14.000Z
Duration: 8 min 24 s

In World War II, there were more than a million people working in American shipyards.

在第二次世界大戰期間，美國造船廠有超過百萬人投入工作。

We've been mired in bureaucratic inertia, budgetary gridlock in Congress, and chronic shortfalls in shipbuilding investment.

我們一直深陷於官僚惰性、國會的預算僵局，以及造船投資的長期不足。

Now there are fewer than 200,000 of these jobs nationwide.

現在全國只剩下不到二十萬個這樣的工作機會了。

Our adversaries have been building and getting better.

我們的對手一直在建造，而且越來越強。

It's not just a problem for the U.S. economy, but for its national defense.

這不只影響美國經濟，也影響了國家防禦。

Right now the U.S. navy has less than 300 warships in its fleet.

目前美國海軍的艦隊不到三百艘戰艦。

The service is trying to get to 381 in the next 30 years.

海軍目標是在未來三十年內達到三百八十一艘。

China constructed more ships last year alone than we have since World War II.

光是去年，中國建造的船艦數量就比我們自第二次世界大戰以來建造的總和還要多。

China is not interested in being number two.

They are attempting to dominate the seas and beyond that, the global order.

他們正試圖稱霸海洋，進而主宰全球秩序。

Our competitors are not waiting for us to get our act together.

我們的競爭對手不會等我們準備好。

They see weakness and they will try to exploit it.

他們看到弱點就會想辦法利用。

Of course, it's not just the Navy's new Secretary, John Phelan, highlighting the increasingly important task of keeping pace with China at sea.

當然，不只是海軍新任部長 John Phelan，大家都在強調在海上與中國同步發展這個越來越重要的任務。

It's been a theme in Navy circles for a while, but

這在海軍界已經討論了一段時間了，但是

the conversation is louder than it's been and it's happening in Congress and in the White House and in industry.

現在的討論聲量比以往都大，而且在國會、白宮和業界都有這樣的聲音。

So this awareness seems to be higher, at least by my recollection, than I recall in the past.

所以，至少以我記得的來說，這種意識似乎比過去更高了。

But it's going to take a national effort to get after it.

但要達成這個目標，需要全國的努力。

Phelan's focus on shipbuilding is welcome news for Navy leadership who've often been at odds with Congress about the best way to meet the demands put on the maritime forces.

Phelan 關注造船的重點，對經常在如何滿足海上力量需求上與國會意見不合的海軍領導層來說，是個好消息。

Hitting the Navy's goal of 381 warships in the next three decades will require not just new construction, but

要在未來三十年內達成海軍三百八十一艘戰艦的目標，不僅需要建造新的船艦，

but additional work to keep the ships currently sailing operational for as long as possible.

還需要額外的努力來盡可能延長現有船艦的服役壽命。

對我來說，我是一名巡洋艦的船員。

My ability to keep them at sea to do that mission is challenging, increasingly challenged because of HME hull cracking and tank cracking.

我讓它們在海上執行任務的能力面臨挑戰，因為船體和油箱的裂痕，挑戰越來越大。

So to me, if I can't keep that ship at sea, it's of no use to the combatant commander or the President or the Secretary of Defense.

所以對我來說，如果我無法讓那艘船在海上執勤，對指揮官、總統或國防部長來說就毫無用處。

The increased attention on shipbuilding, of course, isn't happening in a vacuum.

對造船業的關注增加，當然不是憑空發生的。

Many of the players in the industry saw this coming and were proactive in trying to meet the need.

行業中的許多參與者預見到這一點，並積極主動地試圖滿足需求。

Included in that supply chain are companies like Fairbanks Morse Defense.

供應鏈中包括像 Fairbanks Morse Defense 這樣的公司。

The Wisconsin based manufacturer makes all sorts of parts and fittings that go on U.S. warships.

這家總部位於威斯康辛州的製造商生產各種用於美國戰艦的零件和配件。

Some upkeep can keep a ship out of service for months.

有些維護保養會讓船艦離港數月。

You open things up, you do an inspection, you write a Report.

你們要打開檢查，寫一份報告。

That report then has to go up and through several people and get approved.

這份報告接著必須層層上報，經過多人準許。

And then it comes back down and they say, go.

然後報告下來，他們才會說，可以動工了。

And then you might need parts, you might need machine capability, you might need additional resources that you don't have set up.

然後你可能需要零件、需要機具能力，需要你沒有準備好的額外資源。

So it's that whole process of from the time that they start till the time that they get done with lots of delay opportunities and lots of opportunities for long term problems like parts availability.

所以整個流程就是從他們開始到完成，中間有很多延遲的機會，以及長期問題的機會，像是零件的供應。

So the company created its Pit Stop program where repair crews pretty much bring the entire shop to the ship.

所以這家公司就推出了他們的 Pit Stop 方案，讓維修團隊幾乎是把整個工作室搬到船上。

So when you, when you show up with, you know, maybe you don't need all the parts that you bring, but

所以當你，當你帶著，你知道，也許你不需要你帶的所有零件，但

you have a just in case, is that kind of the idea?

你還是有備無患，是這個意思嗎？

So we bring all the mandatory replacement parts that we have for the activities we plan.

所以我們帶上所有我們為計畫中的活動所必需的替換零件。

We're also bringing contingency parts along for the things that, you know, might bite you when you get into the process.

我們也帶了一些備用零件，以應付過程中可能會遇到的狀況。

And how we do that then is instead of sending a report up and waiting for a response every day, we meet with the right folks and we talk about those.

而我們這麼做的方式是，與相關人員見面並直接討論，而不是每天提交報告等候回覆。

And we can approve it that fast and we can move that fast.

我們可以這麼快地準許，這麼快地推進。

So everything's adjudicated in real time, and it allows us to keep moving.

所以所有事情都能即時裁決，讓我們能夠持續推進。

Of course, programs like Pit Stop are not possible without deep pools of talent and resources, pools that could span the nation.

當然，像 Pit Stop 這樣的計畫，如果沒有廣泛的專業人才與資源，是無法實現的，這些資源可以遍及全國。

That's why FDM's CEO George Whittier says the Navy should look to companies like his more often.

這就是為什麼 FDM 的執行長 George Whittier 說，海軍應該更常考慮像他這樣的公司。

And there is a tremendous opportunity to take work out of the shipyards and bring that into the Midwest and start to get more work done.

而且有絕佳的機會將工作從造船廠移出，轉移到中西部，開始完成更多工作。

We're not really, I don't think we're utilizing the Mississippi river at all.

我覺得我們根本沒有好好利用密西西比河。

And so we could look at how do we put, how do we make, you know, equipment, how do we make modules, how do we do things, put it on barges, send it down to the Gulf, send it wherever it needs to go so that the shipyards themselves can become more of an assembly plant rather than fabrication plant.

所以我們可以想想，要怎麼製造設備、製造組件、做這些事情，然後把它們放到駁船上，運到墨西哥灣，或者任何需要的地方，這樣造船廠本身就能更像組裝廠，而不是製造廠。

Turning shipyards into fabrication plants isn't impossible.

把造船廠變成製造廠並非不可能。

But first it would require bringing those shipyards fully into the digital age.

但首先，這需要讓這些造船廠完全進入數位時代。

And at HII's Newport News Shipbuilding, that job falls to Colleen Graham, the chief of AI and digital innovation.

在 HII 的 Newport News Shipbuilding，這項任務落在了 AI 和數位創新總監 Colleen Graham 身上。

So I would put forward that AI, digital data management, all of these modern technical capabilities are the 21st century equivalent of the, you know, Henry Ford's factory lines and whatnot of the 1930s.

所以我認為，AI、數位資料管理，所有這些現代化的技術能力，就相當於 20 世紀 30 年代亨利·福特的生產線和相關技術。

As the largest manufacturer of US warships.

Graham says it's absolutely critical HII adapts to the latest tech, otherwise it risks insolvency.

Graham 表示，HII 必須適應最新技術，否則就有破產的風險。

Of the companies on the Fortune 500 list in 2003, more than half don't exist anymore.

2003 年財星 500 大企業中，超過一半已經不存在了。

And a lot of that is because of the digital disruption.

But Graham says to succeed, you can't chase shiny objects.

但 Graham 說，要成功，就不能追逐那些華而不實的東西。

You have to solve real world problems, like making sure all of the equipment in the manufacturing process gets a digital upgrade so the work can be monitored.

你必須解決現實世界的問題，像是確保製造過程中的所有設備都能數位升級，以便監控工作。

The tech geek term for that is industrial Internet of things.

科技宅術語稱之為工業物聯網。

So very little IIoT capability in the shipyard.

所以船廠裡的 IIoT 能力非常少。

So kind of toward, you know, solve real problems, don't just change shiny things.

所以，你知道，要解決實際問題，不要只是改變那些華而不實的東西。

All the data scientists for NNS work for me and they want to do data science.

NNS 的所有數據科學家都為我工作，他們想做數據科學。

But you're not going to be doing any machine learning or any AI when you don't have the data.

但如果沒有數據，你就無法進行任何機器學習或人工智慧。

So it was very critical to actually launch a program, which we call digital plant, to start to connect equipment up so that we could get the data flowing.

所以，推出一個我們稱之為「數位工廠」的計畫，開始連接設備，以便我們能讓數據流動，這點非常關鍵。

Graham says through a digital plant pilot program at HII, her team was expecting to see a 30% increase in output after the upgrades, but

Graham 說，透過 HII 的數位工廠試點計畫，她的團隊預期升級後產量能增加 30%，但

it actually saw a 50% increase instead, which sets the project up as a sort of lighthouse, in Graham's words, which the industry can use to chart new paths of innovation.

實際上產量增加了 50%，這讓這個計畫成為 Graham 口中的「燈塔」，業界可以藉此開創創新的新道路。

Still, the hard truth is, even with all the innovations AI may bring to shipyards, and

然而，殘酷的事實是，即使 AI 能為造船廠帶來所有創新，

even if the US Shipbuilding industrial base diversifies enough to include more suppliers from around the country, it might not be enough to hit 381 naval ships and in the next 30 years.

即使美國的造船產業基礎能多元化到包含全國各地更多供應商，可能還是不足以在未來 30 年內建造 381 艘海軍艦艇。

And none of what we're talking about right now accounts for what happens if the US goes to war, where we might lose ships altogether in conflicts.

而且我們現在談論的這些，都沒有考慮到萬一美國開戰的情況，那時我們可能會在衝突中完全損失艦艇。

Which is why foreign companies like HD Hyundai Heavy Industries may be called upon to play a role in building America's future fleet.

這就是為什麼像 HD Hyundai Heavy Industries 這樣的國外公司，可能會被要求在建造美國未來艦隊中扮演角色。

The South Korean shipbuilder is already the world's largest building Aegis enabled warships for South Korea that are very similar to US Guided missile destroyers.

這家韓國造船廠已經是全球最大的造船廠，為韓國建造配備神盾系統的戰艦，與美國的導引飛彈驅逐艦非常相似。

HHI says it can build up to five of the vessels every year for the United States Navy.

HHI 表示，他們每年可以為美國海軍建造多達五艘這類船艦。

While the US doesn't typically like to have its warships built by other nations, it's not necessarily opposed to the idea either.

雖然美國通常不喜歡讓其他國家建造其戰艦，但他們也並非完全反對這個想法。

Hanwha, another South Korean shipbuilder, did just perform maintenance on a US Naval support vessel.

另一家韓國造船廠 Hanwha，最近就對一艘美國海軍支援艦進行了維護。

Pulling from his business background, Secretary Phelan says at this point in the planning process, there are no bad ideas when it comes to revitalizing U.S.

Phelan 部長借鑑了他的商業背景，表示在這個規劃階段，關於振興美國，沒有什麼壞點子。

This is a big, big priority for the President, and he is extremely focused on it, and

這對總統來說是個非常非常優先的目標，他對此非常關注，

I certainly don't want to disappoint him.

If I do, you'll probably have another sec Nav here in a year or two for more unbiased straight fact reporting like this.

如果我讓他失望了，你可能一年或兩年後又會在這裡看到另一位海軍部長，為你帶來更多像這樣不帶偏見的真實報導。

Download the Straight Arrow News app today.

今天就下載 Straight Arrow News app 吧。