Name: 7分鐘看懂所有冬季奧運項目！ (Every Winter Olympic sport explained in 7 minutes)
Uploaded: 2026-02-23T04:04:41.000Z
Duration: 7 min 11 s

The Winter Olympics feature some of the strangest and most fun sports of any global sporting event.

冬季奧運會的項目，有些真的又奇特又好玩，是所有國際運動賽事中最特別的。

進階被動語態

There are 16 of them, and you'd be forgiven for not understanding what's going on at times.

總共有16種項目，有時候你可能會覺得不太懂在幹嘛，這也很正常。

So we've put together a brief explainer of each event to help you enjoy them all at Milan, Cortina and beyond.

所以我們整理了一份簡短的項目介紹，幫助大家在米蘭、科爾蒂納和未來的賽事中都能好好享受。

To start with, we're going to divide the sports into three groups.

首先，我們要把這些運動抽成三大類。

These aren't official groupings, but they will help us break down the multitude of events at Milan, Cortina.

這不是官方的分類方式，但這樣可以幫助我們更清楚地瞭解米蘭、科爾蒂納的各種項目。

Let's start with the track events, which all take place on the same track.

我們先從「滑行賽道項目」開始，這些項目都在同一個賽道上進行。

First up is skeleton, where athletes jump onto a sledge and guide it headfirst down a course, steering only through slight shifts of the head, shoulders, knees and toes, at speeds of up to 140km per hour.

第一個是競速雪橇，選手會趴在雪橇上，頭部朝前滑下賽道，只靠頭部、肩膀、膝蓋和腳趾的細微移動來控制方向，時速可達140公里。

They do so four times, and the athlete with the lowest cumulative time wins.

他們總共滑四次，總時間最短的選手獲勝。

Luge is relatively similar, except athletes go down the track on their backs on a slightly lighter sledge called a luge, at speeds of over 150 kilometers per hour.

雪橇的玩法也很類似，不過選手是仰躺在一個叫做雪橇的、比較輕的載具上滑行，時速可以超過150公里。

There's also a doubles luge, where athletes lie on top of each other on the luge for better air aerodynamics.

還有雙人雪橇，選手會互相疊在雪橇上，以獲得更好的空氣動力學效果。

The final track sport is the bobsleigh, where athletes go down the track in a bobsleigh steered by a pilot who pulls on two metal rings.

最後的滑行賽道項目是雙人有舵雪橇，選手們會坐在雙人有舵雪橇裡，由一位舵手透過拉動兩個金屬環來控制方向。

There's the four man bobsleigh, the two man bobsleigh, the two woman bobsleigh, and

有四人有舵雪橇、雙人有舵雪橇，以及

單人有舵雪橇 (女子)，只有女子選手參賽。

The winner across all formats is the sledge with the fastest total time after four runs.

所有項目中，四次滑行總時間最短的雪橇獲勝。

接下來，我們來聊聊室內項目。

And probably the most famous, of course, is ice hockey, where teams of six players at a time compete to score the most goals across three 20 minute periods.

當然，最有名的大概就是冰球了，每隊六名選手輪流上場，在三個20分鐘的賽期中爭取最多的進球數。

Then there's curling, where each match consists of 10 rounds or ends.

再來是冰壺，每場比賽由10個回合組成。

the team who gets their stone closest to the middle of the bullseye looking circle, known as the house, scores a point.

而最靠近圓心標靶區域（稱為圓心標靶區域）的隊伍就能得分。

There are bonus points available for each stone you have closer to the middle than the opposition's closest stone, and

而且，你離圓心標靶的距離比對手的最近石壺還近，就能獲得額外的分數，

而且每回合只有一支隊伍能得分。

If there are no stones in the house by the finish of the end, then no one gets any points.

如果回合結束時，圓心標靶區域裡沒有任何石壺，就沒有隊伍得分。

The team with the highest cumulative score by the finish of the ten ends is the winner.

在十回合結束時，總得分最高的隊伍獲勝。

Okay, next, there are two types of speed skating, so speed skating and short track speed skating.

好的，接下來，競速滑冰有兩種，分別是競速滑冰和短道競速滑冰。

They might sound similar, but there are key differences.

聽起來很像，但其實有很大的不同。

Firstly, the short track is 111.12 meters, whereas the speed skating track is 400 meters long.

首先，短道的賽道是111.12公尺，而競速滑冰的賽道則是400公尺長。

in short track, they race in groups of five or seven across individual events, whereas in speed skating, they race in pairs and swap lanes every lap to ensure equal distances are covered.

在短道競速滑冰中，選手們會在個人項目中以五到七人一組比賽，而在競速滑冰中，他們會兩人一組比賽，並且每圈交換跑道，確保距離公平。

speed skating has a team pursuit event where two teams of three skaters race, starting at opposite sides, and

競速滑冰有團體追逐賽，兩隊各三名選手出發，從賽道的兩側開始比賽，

also a mass start event where up to 24 athletes race across 16 laps.

還有集體出發賽，最多24位選手進行16圈的競賽。

Okay, now the final rink sport is figure skating, where athletes perform routines on ice, which are scored by judges based on technique, composition, skating skills and presentation.

好的，最後一個冰上運動是花式滑冰，選手們會在冰上表演，裁判會根據技巧、編排、滑行能力和呈現來評分。

There are individual events and two types of pairs events.

The first is pairs skating, where you'll see the throws and the lifts.

第一種是雙人滑冰，你會看到拋擲和託舉的動作。

And the second is ice dance, where the focus is more on intricate footwork and choreography.

第二種是冰上舞蹈，更著重於複雜的腳步和編舞。

And finally, there's a team event where athletes from 10 nations will compete in each of the aforementioned disciplines.

最後，還有一個團體賽，來自10個國家的選手將在上述的各個項目中競爭。

They're ranked from 1 to 10 in each event, and

他們在每個項目中都會被排名1到10，

the country with the highest total score at the end is the winner.

最後總分最高的國家就是贏家。

Let's start with alpine skiing, and there are four disciplines within this sport.

我們先來聊聊高山滑雪，這項運動裡頭有四種項目。

In slalom, athletes ski down courses through tightly packed gates to test agility and quick reflexes.

在曲道競賽中，選手們要沿著設有密集門標的賽道滑下，考驗他們的靈活度和快速反應。

The skiers can touch or not touch the gates on their way down, but

選手在滑下時可以觸碰到門標，也可以不觸碰，

missing them entirely will almost always result in disqualification.

但要是完全錯過了門標，幾乎都會被判失格。

Athletes do one run each down two different courses, and the athlete with the quickest combined time wins.

選手們會各自滑下兩個不同的賽道各一次，總時間最快的選手獲勝。

In giant slalom, the gates are much wider.

在大曲道競賽中，門標的間距會寬很多。

This allows athletes to go much faster as they can build up more momentum, but

這讓選手們可以滑得更快，因為他們能累積更多動能，

it also tests their technical ability to pull off turns at high speeds.

但這也考驗了他們在高速度下做出轉彎的技術能力。

Like the slalom, you get two runs down different courses, and the quickest combined time is the winner.

就像曲道競賽一樣，你會滑下兩個不同的賽道各一次，總時間最快的選手就是贏家。

Super G, which is short for supergiant slalom, has even wider gaits, meaning even faster speeds.

超級 G，也就是超級巨型曲道競賽的縮寫，門標的間距更大，意味著速度會更快。

Skiers are disqualified if they miss even one gate.

選手如果漏掉任何一個門標，就會被淘汰。

And unlike the previous two events, there's only one run down the course.

而且和前面兩個項目不同，這裡只有一次滑行。

And finally, downhill has the largest distances between the gates, leading to the fastest speeds.

最後是下坡賽，門標之間的距離最大，速度也最快。

In alpine skiing, and like Super G, there's just one run.

在高山滑雪中，就像超級 G 一樣，只有一次滑行。

Next up is freestyle skiing, which has seven disciplines.

接下來是自由式滑雪，它有七個小項。

In moguls, athletes ski down a steep course full of bumps, combining turns, jumps, aerial manoeuvres and speed.

在魔幻滑雪中，選手們會滑下一個充滿顛簸的陡峭賽道，結合轉彎、跳躍、空拋動作和速度。

In dual moguls, two athletes compete against each other on the same track.

在雙人魔幻滑雪中，兩名選手在同一賽道上互相較勁。

Ski cross involves athletes racing down a course filled with bumps and jumps.

自由式滑雪競賽讓選手們在充滿顛簸和跳躍的賽道上競速。

In aerials, skiers launch themselves off a ramp and into the air, performing aerial tricks before landing on a slope.

在空中技巧中，選手們會從跳臺上起飛，在空中做出各種技巧，然後降落在斜坡上。

Judges then give them a score based on air, form and landing, which is multiplied by the jump's pre assigned degree of difficulty.

裁判會根據他們的空中表現、姿勢和落地給予分數，再乘以該次跳躍預設的難度係數。

The winner is the skier with the highest score.

In slope style, athletes navigate a course with a variety of obstacles including rails and various jumps, and

在坡面風格賽中，選手們會經過包含各種障礙物的賽道，像是欄架和各種跳躍，

then are judged on the breadth, originality and quality of their stunts.

然後根據他們特技的廣度、原創性和品質來評分。

In halfpipe, competitors ski down a semi cylindrical slope while performing tricks that are scored on amplitude, difficulty, variety, execution and progression.

在U型場地技巧賽中，選手們會在半圓形的斜坡上滑行，同時做出各種技巧，並根據其高度、難度、多樣性、執行度和進步性來評分。

Whereas in big air, athletes ride down a slope towards a massive ramp before soaring into the air where they perform tricks that are scored from 0 to 100 based on difficulty, execution, amplitude, landing and progression.

而在大跳臺賽中，選手們會沿著斜坡滑向一個巨大的跳臺，然後騰空而起做出特技，分數從0到100不等，根據難度、執行度、高度、落地和進步性來評分。

Snowboarding has its own versions of disciplines from alpine and freestyle skiing and these are the giant slalom, cross, half pipe, slopestyle and big air.

單板滑雪也有類似高山滑雪和自由式滑雪的項目，像是巨型曲道、障礙追逐、U型場地、坡面風格和大跳臺。

And then in ski jump, athletes ski down a ramp at speeds of up to 100km h before performing a jump that is scored on distance and style, with points being added or deducted based on the wind and how high the start gate is.

在跳臺滑雪中，選手們會以高達100公里/小時的速度沿著斜坡滑下，然後做出一個跳躍，根據距離和風格來評分，分數會根據風力和起點閘門的高度增減。

The sport is split into normal and large hill events, but

這項運動分為普通臺和大型臺兩個項目，

across both disciplines athletes have two jumps and the winner is the one with the highest combined points.

在這兩個項目中，選手們都有兩次跳躍機會，積分最高的選手獲勝。

Cross country skiing is long distance skiing that's split by technique.

越野滑雪是長距離滑雪，依技術分為不同種類。

In the classic event you glide along pre made snow tracks and in the freestyle event you push your skis from side to side to make your own path.

在經典賽事中，你會沿著預先鋪設好的雪道滑行，而在自由式賽事中，你會左右推動雪板來開創自己的路徑。

The skiathlon discipline combines both techniques in one race with 10km of classic being followed by 10km of freestyle.

Skiathlon 這個項目結合了兩種技術於一場比賽中，先是 10 公里的經典滑雪，接著是 10 公里的自由式滑雪。

A nordic combined meanwhile is a combination of both ski jump and cross country skiing.

北歐兩項則結合了跳臺滑雪和越野滑雪。

There are normal and large hill versions of the sport, but

across both the cross country skiing distance remains 10 km.

在這兩種項目中，越野滑雪的距離都是 10 公里。

Biathlon combines cross country skiing with shooting.

冬季兩項結合了越野滑雪和射擊。

Athletes will ski for a distance before stopping to shoot at a target while lying down or prone and while standing.

選手們會滑行一段距離，然後停下來射擊目標，射擊時會採取臥姿或站姿。

The width of the target while Prone is just 45mm and while standing it's 115mm.

臥姿時目標的寬度只有 45 公釐，站姿時則是 115 公釐。

For each missed target, athletes have to ski around a 150 metre penalty loop, except in individual biathlon where you get one minute added to your time.

每漏失一個目標，選手必須滑行 150 公尺的Penalty Loop，但在個人冬季兩項賽事中，你的總時間會被加上一分鐘。

And finally we have the Winter Olympics newest sport which is ski mountaineering or skimo.

最後，我們還有冬季奧運最新的運動，那就是登山滑雪，或稱 skimo。

Athletes go up uphill sections using skins on their skis to stop them sliding back down.

選手們會利用雪板上的「止滑條」往上爬，防止往下滑。

Then at the steepest parts, they take off their skis and place them in a backpack while climbing the mountain on foot before taking the skins off their skis at the top of the mountain and skiing back down.

接著在最陡峭的地方，他們會把雪板拆下來放進揹包，然後用走的爬山，到山頂再把止滑條拆掉，滑下來。