Name: 川普的委內瑞拉制裁如何衝擊中國拉美戰略？ (How Trump’s Venezuela strike complicates China’s Latin America strategy)
Uploaded: 2026-01-22T23:56:14.000Z
Duration: 8 min 52 s
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President Trump says the US carried out large scale strikes on Venezuela overnight.

President Trump 表示，美國在委內瑞拉進行了大規模的夜間打擊。

基礎被動語態

The dictator and terrorist Maduro is finally gone in Venezuela.

獨裁者和恐怖分子馬杜羅終於在委內瑞拉消失了。

All this happened just hours after a high level delegation from Beijing visited Venezuela.

這一切都發生在北京高層代表團訪問委內瑞拉後僅數小時。

For more than two decades, China's been expanding its presence across Latin America, investing billions of dollars constructing solar farms, subway lines, EV factories, and

二十多年來，中國一直在拉丁美洲擴張勢力，投資數十億美元興建太陽能發電廠、地鐵線路、電動車工廠，以及

building projects that have drawn US security concerns like strategically located ports tied to Chinese companies or a 16 story antenna in Patagonia erected, China says to support space research.

建築開發項目，這些項目引起了美國的安全擔憂，例如與中國公司相關的戰略性港口，或是在巴塔哥尼亞豎立一座 16 層高的天線，中國聲稱是為了支持太空研究。

As the US continues to push forward with its aims in Venezuela after the military strike, the message from Washington is it wants adversaries and rivals out of its backyard.

隨著美國在軍事打擊後繼續推進其在委內瑞拉的目標，華盛頓傳達的訊息是，它希望將對手和競爭者趕出自家後院。

But China is not backing down on its economic and political interests.

但中國並未在經濟和政治利益上退縮。

China's strengthened its ties with Venezuela for more than a decade now, also heightening its influence across Latin America by building mega projects.

中國與委內瑞拉的關係已經加強了一年多，同時也透過興建大型項目來提升其在拉丁美洲的影響力。

But after the US military action in Venezuela, where exactly does China go from here?

但在美國於委內瑞拉採取軍事行動後，中國接下來將何去何從？

To understand how deep China's roots grow in Latin America, we'll start back in 2001.

為了了解中國在拉丁美洲的根基有多深，我們就從 2001 年開始說起。

That's when Chinese leader Jiang Zemin made a landmark 12 day tour of Latin America.

那一年，中國領導人江澤民展開了為期 12 天、意義重大的拉丁美洲之旅。

The same year China joined the World Trade Organization.

同一年，中國加入了世界貿易組織。

As tariffs dropped for the new WTO member, it became much easier for China to trade with other countries.

隨著這個新世界貿易組織成員的關稅下降，中國與其他國家貿易變得更加容易。

There's a massive infrastructure deficit in Latin America.

拉丁美洲存在巨大的基礎設施赤字。

It's been enduring for decades upon decades.

And China is looking to offload, for instance, its steel export capacity in steel, its capacity in construction development, which has been well developed domestically in China over time, its Latin America's need for infrastructure and China's need for raw materials like oil, timber and minerals that helped drive Chinese investment.

中國正尋求釋放其鋼鐵出口產能，以及在建築開發方面的產能，這在中國國內經過長時間的發展，而拉丁美洲對基礎設施的需求，以及中國對石油、木材和礦產等原物料的需求，都助長了中國的投資。

To that end, just take a look at the investments from Chinese state owned firms, development banks and private companies around the world.

為此，我們不妨看看來自中國國有企業、開發銀行和世界各地私人公司的投資。

This bar here is money that went to Latin America, the second biggest recipient, just after China's backyard in Asia.

這邊的數據代表了流向拉丁美洲的資金，它是僅次於中國自家後院亞洲的第二大資金接收地。

And notably China's investment there grew faster than its investment in in any other region, increasing more than 400% from 2014 through 2024.

值得注意的是，中國在該地區的投資成長速度比在任何其他地區都快，從 2014 年到 2024 年成長了 400% 以上。

China's presence in Latin America is often described as some sort of grand scheme to take over the region.

中國在拉丁美洲的存在，常被形容為企圖掌控該地區的宏大陰謀。

Jorge Jaime served as Chile's Ambassador to China from 2014 to 2017.

Jorge Jaime 在 2014 年到 2017 年間擔任智利駐中國大使。

And he pushed for Latin America to become part of the Belt and Road Initiative.

他當時大力推動拉丁美洲加入「一帶一路」倡議。

That's Chinese leader Xi Jinping's signature global infrastructure program that he started in 2013, where Beijing builds and finances ports, railways, power plants, part of an effort to expand China's footprint and influence around the world.

這是中國領導人習近平在 2013 年啟動的標誌性全球基礎設施計畫，北京藉此興建和資助港口、鐵路、發電廠，以擴大中國在全球的足跡和影響力。

This is a partnership that has evolved over time.

這是一個隨著時間演進的夥伴關係。

But if we draw a balance, I would say the pluses outweigh the minuses.

但如果我們來做個權衡，我認為優點多於缺點。

After Xi launched a regular forum for Chinese, Latin American and Caribbean leaders in 2015, China Panama became the first Latin American nation to join Belt and Road in 2017.

在習近平於2015年啟動中國、拉丁美洲和加勒比領導人定期論壇後，巴拿馬於2017年成為首個加入「一帶一路」的拉丁美洲國家。

China's state bank lending to the region peaked at the start of the decade and massive Chinese funded projects took shape into the 2020s, among them the longest bridge in Panama and the Chiang Kai megaport in Peru.

中國對該地區的國家銀行貸款在本十年初期達到頂峰，中國資助的大型項目在2020年代成形，其中包括巴拿馬最長的橋樑和祕魯的蔣介石超級港口。

Over time, China's role in Latin America has grown far more sophisticated.

隨著時間的推移，中國在拉丁美洲的角色變得更加複雜。

Chinese companies are now buying and operating assets at the core of national economies for from power grids and telecom networks to mines producing lithium, copper and other minerals needed for EVs, batteries and renewable energy systems.

中國公司現在正在購買並營運國家經濟核心的資產，從電網和電信網路到生產電動車、電池和再生能源系統所需的鋰、銅等礦物的礦場。

Despite US warnings, countries including Argentina and Brazil have partnered with Chinese telecom giants Huawei and ZTE to build their digital networks, giving Chinese firms a foothold in the region's data and communications.

儘管美國發出警告，包括阿根廷和巴西在內的國家已與中國電信巨頭華為和中興通訊合作，建立其數位網路，讓中國公司在該地區的數據和通訊領域站穩腳跟。

Washington has argued since the Obama administration that these deals could create security risks.

華盛頓自歐巴馬政府以來一直認為，這些協議可能帶來安全風險。

But in much of Latin America, that rings hollow.

但在拉丁美洲的大部分地區，這種說法並不令人信服。

The notion that you should be stuck in that infrastructure deficit and not do anything about it because the United States doesn't like Chinese companies to help you remedy is something that, you know doesn't go down well with Latin American governments, particularly since the US Isn't saying I will build the port, I will build the railway, I will build a bridge.

你應該一直處於基礎設施赤字狀態，什麼都不做，因為美國不喜歡中國公司幫助你解決問題，這種想法，你知道，拉丁美洲政府並不太接受，特別是美國並沒有說「我會建造港口，我會建造鐵路，我會建造橋樑」。

Here's where things get interesting with Venezuela.

It's not even China's biggest trading partner in Latin America.

它甚至不是中國在拉丁美洲最大的貿易夥伴。

Venezuela has ranked between 6th and 13th each year for the past decade.

委內瑞拉過去十年來，每年都排在第六名到第十三名之間。

Despite that, Venezuela became a key political partner for Beijing in a region long dominated by the US As Washington ramped up pressure and oil sanctions, China stuck by Nicolas Maduro diplomatically and over the years before that, Beijing had already poured billions of dollars in loans into Venezuela.

儘管如此，委內瑞拉卻成為北京在長期由美國主導的地區裡，一個重要的政治夥伴。隨著華盛頓加大壓力並實施石油制裁，中國在外交上支持尼古拉斯·馬杜羅，而且在此之前多年，北京已經向委內瑞拉注入了數十億美元的貸款。

China invested in Venezuela's most valuable asset, oil fields.

中國投資了委內瑞拉最有價值的資產——油田。

China's public lenders pumped roughly $106 billion into the country between 2000 and 20203 million, making it the fourth largest recipient of Chinese state financing worldwide during that period.

在2000年至2020年期間，中國的公共貸方向該國注入了約1060億美元，使其成為同期全球第四大中國國家融資接受國。

While Chinese loans to Venezuela slowed significantly in recent years, their trade ties continued.

雖然近年來中國對委內瑞拉的貸款顯著放緩，但兩國的貿易關係依然持續。

So what we're driving through is another example of China expanding its footprint in Latin America.

所以我們正在開車經過的，就是中國擴大其在拉丁美洲影響力的另一個例子。

Back in October 2025, both China and Venezuela decided to open a new direct shipping route between here, the port of Tianjin, and

回到2025年10月，中國和委內瑞拉決定開闢一條新的直航航線，從這裡，天津港，

和委內瑞拉主要的加勒比海港口之間。

And what that did is it helped to cut down shipping time and in some cases lower shipping prices as China ships its goods across the Pacific Ocean.

這項措施有助於縮短運輸時間，在某些情況下還能降低中國貨物跨越太平洋的運費。

After the US captured Maduro, the White House turned its attention to oil.

美國逮捕馬杜羅後，白宮將重心轉向石油。

During conversations led by US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, the Trump administration told Venezuela's interim president Delsey Rodriguez Venezuela must cut ties with China, Iran, Russia and Cuba and agreed to partner exclusively with the US on oil production.

在美國國務卿馬可盧比歐的領導下，川普政府告訴委內瑞拉臨時總統德爾西·羅德里格斯，委內瑞拉必須與中國、伊朗、俄羅斯和古巴斷絕關係，並同意僅與美國合作生產石油。

What we're not going to allow is for the oil industry in Venezuela to be controlled by adversaries of the United States.

我們絕不允許委內瑞拉的石油產業被美國的敵對國家控制。

You have to understand why does China need their oil?

你必須瞭解，中國為何需要他們的石油？

Beijing says its oil contracts are protected under international law, but

北京方面表示，其石油合約受到國際法的保護，但是

China only buys 4% of its oil from Venezuela.

中國僅從委內瑞拉購買4%的石油。

And experts note China may have already reached its peak oil consumption, moving rapidly towards zero emission energy sources and leading the world in EV adoption.

專家指出，中國的石油消費量可能已經達到頂峰，正迅速轉向零排放能源，並在電動車普及方面領先全球。

So then, what's China's next move politically in Latin America?

那麼，中國在拉丁美洲下一步的政治行動是什麼？

There is no doubt, I think in Beijing at this juncture, an effort to reassess first of all relations with Venezuela.

我認為，此刻北京無疑正努力重新評估與委內瑞拉的關係。

Venezuela, how things have been carried out, but also to do so across the entirety of Latin America.

委內瑞拉的處理方式，以及在整個拉丁美洲的作為。

I think that we are watching very closely that we need to rejoice our investment.

我認為我們正密切關注，需要慶幸我們的投資。

Maybe some countries are too anti American.

Even before Maduro fell, China's influence in Latin America was already under pressure.

甚至在馬杜羅垮臺之前，中國在拉丁美洲的影響力就已經面臨壓力。

In 2025, Panama walked away from the Belt and Road Initiative saying the deal just wasn't worth it.

2025年，巴拿馬退出了「一帶一路」倡議，表示該協議根本不值得。

What I'm really wondering about at this juncture is how much these actions in Venezuela really change thinking on the part of Latin American governments as they pursue a range of different projects and especially those types of projects that are likely to intersect with US articulated security interests.

我現在真正想知道的是，在委內瑞拉的這些行動，在多大程度上真正改變了拉丁美洲各國政府在推動一系列不同項目時的想法，特別是那些可能與美國明確提出的安全利益產生交集的項目。

For now, it's unlikely that China will pull back from its extensive ties with Latin America because, well, China needed Latin America.

目前來看，中國不太可能從其與拉丁美洲的廣泛關係中抽身，因為，嗯，中國需要拉丁美洲。

It's an economic imperative at this point.

The region is fundamental for China as it looks to export massive excess capacity right in a wide range of sectors that China has been, has been promoting from a policy perspective now for a number of years.

這個區域對中國來說至關重要，因為中國希望出口在過去幾年來一直積極推動的各種領域的龐大過剩產能。

The Chinese message has been that China is a partner that offers stability and predictability in diplomacy.

中國傳達的訊息是，中國是個能提供外交穩定性和可預測性的夥伴。

You could say that the United States today is not exactly a prime example of stability.

可以說，今日的美國並非穩定的首要典範。