Name: 10位只會因一件可怕的事被記住的人！ (10 People Who Will Only Be Remembered For ONE Horrible Thing)
Uploaded: 2026-01-16T16:58:06.000Z
Duration: 13 min 44 s

Booth had a very intense personal hatred for Abraham Lincoln.

Booth 對亞伯拉罕·林肯有非常強烈的個人仇恨。

關係子句

And we're looking at people who went down in history for one unforgettably horrible thing they did.

我們要來看看那些因為一件令人難忘的恐怖事蹟而載入史冊的人。

Soon, everything Nero had done as emperor seemed to finally come to a head.

很快，尼祿作為皇帝所做的一切似乎都到了總算清算的時刻。

During the reign of Tsar Nicholas ii, Grigori Rasputin, a Russian mystic, rose to prominence, all thanks to to his perceived ability to heal the Emperor's son, Alexei.

在沙皇尼古拉二世統治期間，一位俄羅斯神祕主義者 Grigori Rasputin 聲名鵲起，這都要歸功於他被認為有能力治癒皇帝的兒子 Alexei。

Alexei's health improved, cementing the royal family's belief that Rasputin had magical healing powers and guaranteeing his privileged place on the royal court.

Alexei 的健康狀況好轉，鞏固了皇室對 Rasputin 擁有神奇治療能力的信念，並確保了他在皇室中的特權地位。

Today we know that the doctors had prescribed aspirin, a drug that worsens hemophilia.

如今我們知道，醫生們當時開的是阿斯匹靈，一種會讓血友病惡化的藥物。

That supposed power gained him deep trust, enormous influence and plenty of enemies.

那種所謂的力量為他贏得了深厚的信任、巨大的影響力，當然也樹立了不少敵人。

While some viewed him as a holy man, others saw him as a manipulator.

有些人視他為聖人，但也有人認為他是個操控者。

Surrounded by rumors of drunken orgies, bribery and political interference.

謠言四起，說他縱情聲色、收受賄賂，還幹預政治。

Things reached a breaking point during World War I, when Nicholas II left domestic affairs in the hands of his wife Alexandra, who relied heavily on Rasputin.

第一次世界大戰期間，情況達到了臨界點，尼古拉二世將國內事務交給妻子 Alexandra，而 Alexandra 則非常依賴 Rasputin。

As Russia's economy crumbled, public hatred fell on him.

隨著俄羅斯經濟崩潰，公眾的仇恨都集中在他身上。

By the end of World War I, they were convinced the only way to maintain order was to eliminate this sham of a holy man.

第一次世界大戰結束時，他們確信維持秩序的唯一方法就是剷除這位假聖人。

In 1916, Rasputin was brutally assassinated and the Romanov dynasty collapsed shortly after.

1916 年，Rasputin 被殘酷刺殺，羅曼諾夫王朝不久後也隨之瓦解。

Today, history still remembers him as the scandalous mystic tied to the Empire's downfall.

如今，歷史仍記得他是一位與帝國衰落有關的、充滿醜聞的神祕人物。

Political rebel, martyr, or freedom fighter?

政治叛徒、烈士，還是自由鬥士？

However you frame him, Guy Fawkes will always be remembered for one thing.

無論你怎麼定義他，Guy Fawkes 永遠都會因為一件事被記住。

In 1605, he was caught guarding barrels of gunpowder beneath the House of Lords in London, part of a conspiracy to assassinate King James I and Parliament.

在 1605 年，他被抓到倫敦國會大廈下方看守著一桶桶火藥，這是企圖暗殺國王 James I 和國會的陰謀的一部分。

Although it's lunatic, the plot is actually viable.

雖然聽起來很瘋狂，但這個陰謀其實是可行的。

It's the Big Bang theory of destruction, in which you take out your enemy and then work out what happens next.

這就像一場毀滅的宇宙大爆炸理論，你先消滅敵人，然後再想下一步怎麼做。

Fawkes was a devout Catholic who had fought with Spanish forces against Protestant states.

Fawkes 是一位虔誠的天主教徒，他曾與西班牙軍隊一起對抗新教國家。

By the time he joined the Gunpowder Plot, he.

In fact, he was part of a group determined to restore Catholic leadership in England through violent means under the very noses of the Protestant state.

事實上，他們是一群決心要透過暴力手段，在信奉新教的國家眼皮底下，恢復英格蘭的天主教領導地位的人。

This powder keg would sit until Parliament reconvened.

這個火藥桶會一直放在那裡，直到國會重新召開。

Unfortunately, their mission failed when an anonymous letter exposed the plot.

不幸的是，他們的任務失敗了，因為一封匿名信揭露了這個陰謀。

Fox was arrested, tortured and executed for treason.

Fox 被以叛國罪逮捕、折磨並處決。

November 5th marks the failed plot and its most infamous conspirator.

11月5日是紀念這個失敗的陰謀及其最惡名昭彰的共謀者。

Remember, remember the 5th of November, the gunpowder treason and plot.

記住，記住11月5日，火藥陰謀與計畫。

In 1912, the magnificent Titanic set sail, unaware of the disaster awaiting it in the Atlantic.

1912年，宏偉的鐵達尼號啟航，卻不知道大西洋正等待著它。

Leading the voyage was Captain Edward Smith, a veteran mariner whose name is now forever linked to the tragedy.

領航這次航程的是Captain Edward Smith，一位經驗豐富的船長，他的名字如今與這場悲劇永遠連結在一起。

A year earlier, Smith had been involved in a major mishap while commanding the RMS Olympic.

一年前，Smith 在指揮奧林匹克號時，曾捲入一場重大意外。

Despite that, he was chosen to captain the Titanic.

儘管如此，他還是被選中擔任鐵達尼號的船長。

And that streak of bad luck seemed to follow him.

而那股壞運氣似乎也跟隨著他。

You got to be the captain of a ship such as the Titanic, not simply by being the best navigator or sea captain, but

你要能擔任像鐵達尼號這樣的船長，不只是因為你是最棒的領航員或船長，而是

Though high speeds were standard practice back then, when the luxurious ship sank, many blamed Smith, who critics argued that the ship had been traveling too fast, while others claimed that Smith had ignored warnings about icebergs.

雖然當時高速航行是常態，但這艘豪華郵輪沉沒後，許多人責怪Smith，批評者認為船開太快，也有人聲稱Smith忽略了冰山的警告。

Sadly, the mariner didn't survive to defend himself, leaving him remembered as the captain of the 20th century's most iconic ocean liner, Herostratus.

可惜的是，這位航海家沒能活下來為自己辯護，他是以被記住，成為20世紀最著名郵輪「赫羅斯特拉圖斯號」的船長。

To gain everlasting fame, Herostratus dared to burn down the Temple of Artemis, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

為了獲得永恆的名聲，赫羅斯特拉圖斯敢於燒毀阿提米斯神廟，這是古代世界七大奇蹟之一。

Made almost entirely of marble, this Ephesus temple was known for its massive size and stunning artwork.

這座以大理石建造的以弗所神廟，以其巨大的規模和令人驚嘆的藝術品而聞名。

But in 356 BCE, on the same day Alexander the Great was born, Herostratus, an obscure figure, chose to destroy it.

但在西元前356年，也就是亞歷山大大帝出生的同一天，一個默默無聞的人物赫羅斯特拉圖斯選擇摧毀了它。

And yes, if you're wondering how do you burn down a stone temple?

對，你可能會想，要怎麼燒毀一座石造的神廟？

The answer is that there are wooden structural elements.

答案是，裡面有木製的結構元素。

Because of course, as you know, stone is, is very strong under compression, but weak under tension.

因為你知道，石頭在壓縮下非常堅固，但在張力下卻很脆弱。

He was arrested immediately and tortured to death.

他被立即逮捕並遭受酷刑致死。

To stop his name from living on, authorities issued damnatio memori banning his name from ever being spoken or recorded.

為了不讓他的名字流傳下去，當局發布了「遺忘的詛咒」，禁止他的名字被提及或記錄。

They cleared the site and rebuilt the shrine, making it even larger and more magnificent than the temple that had been destroyed.

他們清理了現場並重建了神殿，使其比被摧毀的寺廟更加宏偉壯觀。

Ironically, ancient historians documented the story anyway, ensuring his plan succeeded centuries beyond his lifetime.

諷刺的是，古代歷史學家還是記錄了這個故事，確保了他的計劃在他死後幾個世紀都得以實現。

Today, little is known about Herostratus except that he destroyed beauty to feed his ego.

今天，我們對赫羅斯特拉圖斯知之甚少，只知道他為了滿足自己的虛榮心而摧毀了美麗。

In fact, we have the term herostratic fame, which is used by pedantic people like me who give discourses on the structural features of stone to mean the kind of fame you get for being famous for having done something wicked in order to become famous.

事實上，我們有一個詞叫做「赫羅斯特拉圖斯式名聲」，像我這種喜歡講述石頭結構特點的學究就會用它來形容那種為了出名而做壞事，最後卻是以出名的一種名聲。

When you hear the word McCarthyism, what comes to mind is fear replacing fact and power gone wrong.

當你聽到「麥卡錫主義」這個詞時，你會想到恐懼取代事實，權力被濫用。

The explosive charges trigger public hearings in the Senate.

爆炸性的指控引發了參議院的公開聽證會。

Live TV coverage provides millions of Americans with their first sustained look at the crusading Senator and his bare knuckle methods.

電視直播讓數百萬美國人第一次持續地看到這位充滿戰鬥精神的參議員和他毫不留情的手段。

Remembered as one of the consequential figures in American politics, he weaponized paranoia and destroyed lives.

他被記住為美國政壇上舉足輕重的人物之一，他將偏執武器化，摧毀了無數人的生活。

In the early 1950s, during the Cold War panic, Senator McCarthy claimed he had a list of communists infiltrating the US military, government and media.

在1950年代初期，冷戰恐慌期間，參議員麥卡錫聲稱他有一份滲透美國軍方、政府和媒體的共產黨員名單。

Apparently, the President and I now agree on the necessity of getting rid of Communists.

顯然，總統和我現在都同意必須清除共產黨員。

We apparently disagree only on how we should handle those who have been protecting Communists.

我們顯然只在如何處理那些保護共產黨員的人這一點上意見不合。

Accusations shifted, names changed and careers were destroyed based on suspicion alone.

指控不斷轉變，名字不斷更換，職業生涯僅憑懷疑就被摧毀。

Not entirely, since there were indeed spies.

不完全是，因為確實有間諜存在。

But McCarthy's methods were reckless and often unconstitutional.

但 McCarthy 的手段非常魯莽，而且常常違憲。

His downfall came during the 1954 Army McCarthy hearings, where his tactics were exposed.

他垮臺發生在 1954 年的陸軍對 McCarthy 的聽證會上，他的伎倆在那裡被揭穿了。

Six months later, the Senate officially censures him.

六個月後，參議院正式譴責了他。

In 1957, he died, disgraced and largely abandoned.

1957 年，他帶著恥辱和被眾人拋棄的孤寂離世。

You've probably heard the name Typhoid Mary, a label for anyone who spreads disease or misfortune.

你可能聽過傷寒瑪莉這個名字，這個標籤用來形容任何傳播疾病或不幸的人。

It belonged to Mary Mallon, an Irish immigrant cook in early 20th century New York.

這個名字屬於 Mary Mallon，一位 20 世紀初紐約的愛爾蘭移民廚師。

He she's believed to have infected between 51 and 122 people with three confirmed deaths.

據信她傳染了 51 到 122 人，並有三人確診死亡。

We don't know when she originally got typhoid fever, but she was definitely a carrier.

我們不知道她最初是什麼時候得到傷寒的，但她絕對是個帶原者。

Mallon looked healthy even as the wealthy families she served fell ill.

瑪莉看起來很健康，但她服務的富裕家庭卻一個個生病。

Public health investigator George Soper eventually identified her as an asymptomatic carrier, something almost unheard of at the time.

公共衛生調查員喬治·索珀（George Soper）最終確認她是一名無症狀帶原者，這在當時幾乎是聞所未聞。

Still, Mallon refused to stop cooking, denied responsibility, leading to her forced quarantine in 1907.

儘管如此，瑪莉仍拒絕停止烹飪，否認責任，導致她在 1907 年被強制隔離。

After her release, she secretly returned to work, sparking new outbreaks.

獲釋後，她偷偷重返工作崗位，引發了新的疫情。

Mallon didn't have a way to make a decent living doing anything else, though.

不過，瑪莉沒有其他方式可以謀生。

So when the city lost touch with her, she went right back to the kitchen.

所以當城市跟她失去聯繫後，她又回到了廚房。

Arrested again, she lived the rest of her life quarantined at North Brother island, passing away in 1938 at age 69.

她再次被捕，餘生都被隔離在北兄弟島（North Brother Island），於 1938 年以 69 歲之齡去世。

Health experts still debate the ethics of how their profession treated Mary Mallon.

健康專家仍在爭論他們的專業如何對待瑪莉的道德問題。

But there's no doubting the long shadow she continues to cast as Typhoid Mary.

但毫無疑問，她作為傷寒瑪莉所投下的長遠陰影至今仍在。

Before the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, Lee Harvey Oswald was largely unknown.

在總統約翰·甘迺迪遇刺之前，李·哈維·奧斯瓦爾德基本上沒人認識。

A former U.S. marine, he had a history of drifting through life.

他曾是美國海軍陸戰隊隊員，一生都過得漂泊不定。

He shoots on a rifle range 212, which means he qualifies for the second highest position in the Marine Corps, that of a sharpshooter.

他在步槍射擊場射擊 212 分，這表示他有資格擔任海軍陸戰隊第二高的職位，也就是神槍手。

He was court martialed twice, briefly jailed and eventually discharged from active duty.

他曾兩度被軍事法庭審判，短暫入獄，最終被解除現役。

At one point, he even defected to the Soviet Union.

When he came to us and began to ask for asylum here so insistently, the first reaction was to refuse and not to give him permission to stay in the Soviet Union, let alone to give him political asylum.

當他來到我們這裡，並如此堅持地要求庇護時，我們的第一反應是拒絕，不給他留在蘇聯的許可，更不用說給他政治庇護了。

Then came November 22, 1963, which changed the way he'd be Viewed forever.

接著到了 1963 年 11 月 22 日，這一天永遠改變了他被看待的方式。

On Wednesday evening, two days before the assassination, one of the boarders at the rooming house recalls Oswald intently watching a TV night news story about President Kennedy's visit to Dallas.

在遇刺前的兩個星期三晚上，他住處的一位房客回憶起奧斯瓦爾德正專注地看著一則關於甘迺迪總統德州訪問的電視晚間新聞。

On that fateful day, as Kennedy's motorcade passed through Dallas, Oswald fired from the Texas School Book Depository, killing Kennedy and injuring Texas Governor John Connally.

在那決定性的日子，當甘迺迪的車隊經過德州達拉斯時，奧斯瓦爾德從德州教科書倉庫開槍，殺死了甘迺迪並打傷了德州州長約翰·康納利。

Shortly after, he shot and murdered a Dallas police officer while fleeing.

不久之後，他在逃亡途中槍殺了一名達拉斯員警。