Name: 中國如何嚴密控制網路？BBC世界臺「地球二三事」Podcast (How China tightly controls its internet - What in the World podcast, BBC World Service)
Uploaded: 2025-12-25T09:55:18.000Z
Duration: 14 min 9 s

情態副詞

If everything in China could potentially be monitored, do people have, like, intimate conversations?

如果中國的一切都可能被監控，那大家還會有親密的對話嗎？

轉承詞

Peppa Pig, which is such an innocent cartoon character, it was scoped off the Internet as well because they were saying that this is not good for the Chinese youth.

Peppa Pig，一個這麼天真無邪的卡通人物，也被從網路上消失了，因為他們說這對中國的年輕人不好。

Loads of Hollywood films get censored in China.

很多好萊塢電影在中國都會被審查。

Remember Top Maverick, There was huge controversy when the Taiwanese and Japanese flags were quietly edited away from Tom Cruise's jacket in the trailer.

還記得 Top Maverick 嗎？預告片裡，湯姆克魯斯夾克上的臺灣和日本國旗被悄悄移除，引起了很大的爭議。

And Bohemian Rhapsody, pretty much all the gay scenes were cut out.

而 Bohemian Rhapsody，幾乎所有的同志場景都被剪掉了。

And it was the same with that scene from Fantastic, the Secrets of Dumbledore.

在 Fantastic, the Secrets of Dumbledore 的那個場景也是一樣。

So going to the cinema in China is a whole different experience.

所以去中國的電影院看電影，體驗完全不同。

It's the same for the Internet, Foreign music, video games.

網路、外國音樂、電子遊戲也都是一樣。

So today you're going to hear why censorship is so tight in China.

所以今天，你將會聽到為什麼中國的審查制度如此嚴格。

This is what in the World from the BBC World Service.

這裡是 BBC 世界臺的「世界之聲」。

And with me here in the studio is Sean yuan from the BBC's Global China unit.

和我一起在攝影棚的是 BBC 全球中國組的 Sean yuan。

你當時有意識到有審查制度嗎？

I never really noticed there was censorship.

我其實從來沒有注意到有審查制度。

And for example, Here they have TikTok and they have Instagram, they have YouTube, they have Google, all those things that be readily accessible to them.

而且像是，這裡他們有 TikTok、Instagram、YouTube、Google，所有這些東西對他們來說都很容易取得。

But for me growing up, we didn't have those things even up until now.

但對我來說，在我成長的過程中，直到現在我們都沒有這些東西。

There's still no Instagram, there's no Google, There is no YouTube and there's no Facebook.

還是沒有 Instagram、沒有 Google、沒有 YouTube，也沒有 Facebook。

There's pretty much all the social media apps you can think of right now off the top of your.

基本上現在你腦袋裡想到的所有社群媒體應用程式。

We don't have that in China and we have the Chinese equivalent of those apps.

我們在中國沒有這些，我們有中國版的這些應用程式。

But that just comes and shows that how tightly controlled the trans Internet is and how effective has been in a way that people don't even think about censorship anymore because it is the way of life.

但這就顯示了網路的管控有多嚴格，以及它有多有效，有效到人們甚至不再去想審查制度，因為這就是生活的一部分。

Was there anything that you really wanted to see, like a movie or a hit song that you were desperately trying to get hold of?

有沒有什麼你特別想看，像是電影或熱門歌曲，是你非常想得到的？

What was the one thing that you remember being like, I can't get hold of this.

你還記得有什麼東西讓你覺得「我拿不到這個」嗎？

She was viral, you know, back in the days, and everyone was talking about her.

她以前超紅的，你知道嗎，大家都在討論她。

And I remember having to find out how to evade the other censorship in order to watch this video.

我還記得我得想辦法繞過那些審查，才能看到那個影片。

And Lady Gaga, that's because of her links to the Dalai Lama.

而 Lady Gaga 之所以被禁，是因為她跟達賴喇嘛有關聯。

She met with Dalai Lama a few years ago, you know, the spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism who is in exile right now.

她幾年前跟達賴喇嘛見面，你知道的，就是現在流亡的西藏佛教精神領袖。

And it's obviously one of the more sensitive topics in China.

這顯然是中國比較敏感的議題之一。

And the fact that Lady Gaga being international star, met with Dalai Lama, that sort of triggered the Beijing's response.

而 Lady Gaga 身為國際巨星，卻跟達賴喇嘛見面，這 sort of 觸發了北京的回應。

And let's talk about some of the other big topics.

接著我們來聊聊其他幾個大話題。

Taiwan, the Tiananmen Square protests, all of these major topics that you just can't talk about at all.

臺灣、天安門事件，這些都是你完全不能談論的重大議題。

For example, the protest in Hong Kong back in 2019, the Anti Extradition bill.

舉例來說，2019 年香港的反送中抗爭。

And you have the Taiwan issue, of course, Tiananmen Square, for example.

還有臺灣議題，當然也有天安門事件，像是。

It was one of the events that had been scrubbed off from Chinese online and textbook memory, which was the protest, a student protest back in 1989 that ended up with a massacre on Tiananmen Square.

這就是其中一個被中國網路和課本記憶抹去的事件，那就是 1989 年的學生抗議，最終在天安門廣場發生了屠殺。

That's one of the more important topics that are being censored on Chinese Internet.

這是在中國網路上被審查的比較重要的議題之一。

What is China trying to achieve with this level of censorship?

中國透過這種程度的審查制度，想要達成什麼目標？

Obviously, it's trying to rewrite history.

I think the most important thing for the Chinese government to do is to assert some sort of dominance in order to sort of restore stability.

我認為中國政府最想做的就是展現某種程度的統治力，以恢復穩定。

It's his instability as the core reason why Soviet Union fell, for example, and Xi Jinping himself.

這就是蘇聯瓦解的根本原因，像是，還有習近平本人。

He went through those periods, he understood exactly what instability could do to the society.

他經歷過那些時期，他非常清楚不穩定會對社會造成什麼影響。

And that's the reason why he personally was very invested in making sure that the entire country stayed the way it is.

這也是為什麼他個人非常積極地確保整個國家維持現狀。

And the Internet is just the most amazing tool for planning protests.

而網路就是規劃抗議活動最棒的工具。

我是說，看看阿拉伯之春就知道了。

There have been countless movements, governments that have been toppled because of protests and movements that have been organized online.

有無數的運動、政府因為在網路上組織的抗議和運動而垮臺。

Are there any topics that you think you know would have been banned, but

有沒有什麼主題，你覺得應該會被禁，但

實際上，奇怪的是，你還是可以看得到？

Like, for example, we're just talking about, you know, like stability.

像是，舉個例子，我們剛剛在聊，你知道，像是穩定性。

We're talking about how he wants to assert dominance, how he wants to make sure there's no massive movement.

我們在談論他想怎麼樣展現他的權威，他想怎麼樣確保不會有大規模的運動。

I'm not saying that criticism towards the government is completely out of reach and it's completely not tolerated.

我不是說批評政府是完全不可能的，也完全不被容忍。

Actually, most of the times your criticism towards local government, for example, is not just tolerated.

事實上，大多數時候你對地方政府的批評，舉例來說，不只是被容忍。

Sometimes it's been promoted in a way that.

Yet direct your anger towards this specific official at a very low level government.

但把你的怒氣導向一個非常基層政府的特定官員。

So, for example, we've had a lot of examples in the past few years where local government officials being accused of corruption, for example, bribery and all those things.

所以，舉例來說，我們過去幾年有很多例子，地方政府官員被指控貪汙，像是收賄等等。

The Chinese Internet would actually actively encourage Chinese netizens to talk about them.

中國的網路其實會鼓勵中國網友討論這些。

But if your criticism is targeted towards like for example, Xi Jinping itself or central government, and

但如果你的批評是針對，舉例來說，習近平本人或中央政府，

that runs the risk of mobilizing a bigger population, then sure, that would be censored.

那樣就有可能動員更多人，那當然就會被審查。

And especially if, you know, there is low level government corruption and then the high level government comes and cuts it off, then they seem to be doing the right thing.

特別是如果，你知道，有基層政府的貪腐，然後高層政府出來制止，他們看起來就像在做對的事。

And on a daily basis, can you talk me through how this censorship actually works?

那在日常生活中，你能跟我說說這個審查制度實際是如何運作的嗎？

I mean, like, let's start with the Great Firewall of China.

我的意思是，像是，我們就從中國的防火長城開始吧。

That is one of the, the most important inventions that the Chinese government has put out when it comes to Internet censorship.

這可以說是中國政府在網路審查方面，最重要的發明之一。

It was put out many, many years ago already and more than a decade.

這個東西已經推出很多、很多年前了，超過十年了。

And every year has been not just every, almost on a daily basis being upgraded to filter out more content, to block more VPNs, for example.

而且每年，不只是每年，幾乎是每天都在升級，來過濾更多內容，像是封鎖更多VPN。

What it does essentially is that they block all the major websites that the government would deem to be a cause for concern for them when it comes to instability and all that.

它基本上做的就是，封鎖所有政府認為會引起他們擔憂的、與不穩定有關的主要網站。

BBC for example, is blocked now, as I said earlier, all meta related websites, Facebook, Instagram, for example, WhatsApp, we cannot use either.

舉例來說，BBC現在就被封鎖了，就像我剛才說的，所有Meta相關的網站，像是Facebook、Instagram，還有WhatsApp，我們也用不了。

Literally, quite like if you look at your phone right now, if I pull out my phone right now, the first screen, all the apps I'll be using right now, none of them will work in China with this great firewall.

真的，就像你現在看你的手機，如果我現在拿出我的手機，第一頁，我現在會使用的所有App，沒有一個能在中國的防火長城下使用。

Chinese companies got this opportunity to promote their own products.

中國公司是以有機會推廣他們自己的產品。

So you don't have Google Maps, but we have Baidu Maps, for example, we have Gao Dun Maps.

所以你沒有 Google Maps，但我們有百度地圖，像是，我們有高德地圖。

And we don't have WhatsApp, but we have WeChat.

而且我們沒有 WhatsApp，但我們有 WeChat。

It's also part of the tool of censorship because WhatsApp, for example, @ least it's end on end encryption, whereas WeChat is not.

這也是審查制度的一部分，因為 WhatsApp，舉例來說，至少它是端對端加密，而 WeChat 不是。

And everything could be monitored on WeChat.

而且 WeChat 上的一切都可能被監控。

So by banning those apps and introducing local apps, they're giving people alternative for sure.

所以透過封鎖那些 App 並推出在地 App，他們確實提供了人們替代的選擇。

But those tools are also giving them a chance to kind of have back channel, to assert more censorship as well.

但這些工具也讓他們有機會建立一個「後門」，來加強審查。