Name: 烏克蘭如何達成對2000公里外地中海油輪的無人機襲擊？ | DW 新聞 (How did Ukraine pull off a drone strike on a tanker 2,000 km away in the Mediterranean? | DW News)
Uploaded: 2025-12-20T17:06:37.000Z
Duration: 5 min 39 s

程度副詞

Meanwhile, Ukraine says its drones hit an oil tanker belonging to Russia's shadow fleet in the Mediterranean, its first attack there in nearly four years of war.

同時，烏克蘭表示其無人機在地中海擊中了一艘俄羅斯影子船隊的油輪，這是近四年戰爭以來首次在那裡發動襲擊。

基礎被動語態

This unverified video is set to show to the moment when the strike happened.

這段未經證實的影片據稱顯示了襲擊發生的瞬間。

Analysts believe Russia operates a shadow fleet of hundreds of ships that frequently change flags or use other tricks to sidestep western sanctions.

分析師認為，俄羅斯擁有一支由數百艘船組成的影子船隊，這些船經常更改旗幟或使用其他伎倆來規避西方的制裁。

Throughout 2025, Ukraine has targeted Russian oil refineries.

縱觀 2025 年，烏克蘭一直針對俄羅斯的煉油廠。

But in recent weeks it has expand, extended its campaign.

但近幾週，它已擴大了其攻勢。

William Albert is a security analyst with decades of experience working with the Pacific Forum Natum and the US Government.

William Albert 是一位安全分析師，在太平洋論壇納圖姆和美國政府擁有數十年的工作經驗。

I asked him how big a deal it is for Ukraine to attack a tanker in the Mediterranean 2000 km from its borders.

我問他，烏克蘭攻擊距離邊境 2000 公里在地中海的油輪，這對烏克蘭來說有多重要。

Well, it's a big deal because Russia has been relying on this shadow fleet of tankers to move oil illegally and bust sanctions for years now.

嗯，這很重要，因為俄羅斯多年來一直依賴這支影子船隊非法運輸石油並打破制裁。

And so the idea that Ukraine is taking away any sort of sanctuarization that they have by being far afield is really showing Russia that they cannot do this with impunity.

是以，烏克蘭透過遠離本土來打破他們任何形式的庇護的想法，真的在向俄羅斯表明，他們不能為所欲為。

Before we take a closer look at the shadow fleet, I want to look at the logistics here.

在我們仔細看看影子船隊之前，我想先看看這裡的後勤。

How is it even possible for Ukraine to carry out such a long range attack with drones?

烏克蘭是怎麼辦到進行這麼遠距離的無人機攻擊的？

Well, you'll recall Ukraine has done a number of very ambitious strategic attacks against Russian interests, whether it was in Africa against the political military group there, the Africa Corps, or attacks against Russian airfields far, far away, thousands of kilometers away from the Ukraine border.

嗯，你應該還記得，烏克蘭對俄羅斯的利益進行了許多非常大膽的戰略性攻擊，無論是在非洲對抗那裡的軍事政治組織，也就是非洲軍團，還是攻擊距離烏克蘭邊境數千公里、遙遠的俄羅斯飛機場。

Because the thing of course, about drones is you need a launch pad and you need a controlling system.

因為無人機的關鍵在於，你需要一個發射平臺，還需要一個控制系統。

And the closer you are to the actual attack, the easier it is, the less possibility for jamming.

而且你離實際攻擊越近，就越容易，幹擾的可能性就越小。

So all Ukraine would have to do is to get their own ship, to get it into the Mediterrane, to buy the drones, put it on board and to control them locally and to carry out the strikes.

所以烏克蘭只需要做的事情就是，弄一艘自己的船，開到地中海，買無人機，裝上船，然後在當地控制它們，執行打擊。

So in theory, you can carry out drone strikes anywhere around the world if you have forward controllers.

所以理論上，如果你有前線指揮官，你可以在世界任何地方進行無人機襲擊。

And that's probably what Ukraine did there with a forward group of commandos based on a ship or on land to attack these so they can do this.

這大概就是烏克蘭在那裡做的事情，利用一組在前線的特種部隊，無論是在船上還是在陸地上，來進行攻擊，所以他們可以做到這點。

And again, trying to send the message to Russia that it is relatively easy for Ukraine to do this anywhere in the world, should send a message that their shadow fleet's going to be at risk.

再一次，試圖向俄羅斯傳達訊息，烏克蘭可以在世界任何地方相對輕鬆地做到這點，這應該傳達一個訊息，就是他們的影子船隊將會面臨風險。

But technically it's just not that big a challenge to conduct these kind of drone raids remotely from relatively close to your target.

但技術上來說，從離目標相對較近的地方遠程進行這類無人機襲擊，挑戰並不大。

How big is it and what exactly is its purpose?

它有多大？它的確切目的是什麼？

Well, the thing about the shadow fleet is you don't know exactly how many ships there are pre war, probably below 1,000.

嗯，關於影子船隊，你不知道戰前確切有多少艘船，大概一千艘以下。

Now we're thinking there's more than 1,240 that Ukraine is tracking.

現在我們認為烏克蘭追蹤的船隻超過一千兩百四十艘。

And so these are ships that are registered usually to governments with relatively low licensing requirements and low monitoring, so we call a false flagged operation.

所以這些船通常登記在法規要求較低、監管較少的政府名下，這就是我們說的假旗行動。

So you have to flag a ship somewhere, but

所以你必須在某處登記一艘船，但

you choose a country where the regulations are relatively low and then you can control that ship and have it do things that are relatively illegal.

你會選擇一個法規相對寬鬆的國家，然後你就可以控制這艘船，讓它做一些相對非法的事情。

In theory, it would be up to the country where that ship is flagged in order to monitor its actions.

理論上，應該由船隻登記的國家來監管它的行為。

But Russia has found a huge loophole by buying these old ships, by having shell companies register them in third countries.

但俄羅斯透過購買這些舊船，讓空殼公司在第三國登記，找到了巨大的漏洞。

And again, with more than 1,000 of these around the world, each one of these ships can carry something on the order of 100,000 metric tons of oil, which is a huge amount and allows Russia to circumvent sanctions all around the world trading oil and other resources.

而且，全球有超過一千艘這樣的船，每艘船可以運載約十萬公噸的石油，這是一個巨大的數量，讓俄羅斯能夠規避全球制裁，進行石油和其他資源的貿易。

Is it easy to spot and identify these tankers?

這些油輪容易被發現和辨識嗎？

Is there, if you were to go on, there's websites, for instance, that track maritime activ.

有沒有，如果你要去查，有網站，像是追蹤海上活動的網站。

There are literally tens of thousands of ships at any moment traveling all around the world.

任何時候，世界上都有數萬艘船在航行。

You look at the big choke points like the English Channel or the Spratlys or anywhere around the world, you'll just see hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of ships passing any given point at any given moment.

你看看像英吉利海峽或南沙群島，或是世界任何地方的關鍵航道，你會看到數百艘、數百艘、數百艘船在任何特定時間點經過。

And so figuring out, okay, who owns this ship?

所以要弄清楚，好，這艘船是誰的？

It becomes such a massive task that really, it becomes impossible to manage.

這變成一個非常龐大的任務，真的，變得不可能管理。

And so what Ukraine is trying to do is go through the companies that these ships are registered to and is the company somehow tied to Russia?

所以烏克蘭試圖做的是去追查這些船隻登記的公司，而這間公司是否與俄羅斯有關聯？

And when was this company registered and when have registrations changed?

這間公司是什麼時候註冊的？註冊資訊又是在什麼時候變更的？

And they've been able to identify, just like you would with a criminal organization, the paper trail that leads from the Russian government to these ships.

而且他們已經能夠追查到，就像追查犯罪組織一樣，從俄羅斯政府到這些船隻的紙本紀錄。

這是一個非常困難的邊緣化過程。

Like I said, they've been able to identify 1,240 ships around the world that they believe are being controlled as part of this Russian shadow tanker fleet.

就像我說的，他們已經能夠在全球辨識出 1,240 艘船，他們認為這些船是俄羅斯影子船隊的一部分。

And now to demonstrate that those ships are also vulnerable, sends a big message to Russia that they can't just hide these things through shell games forever.

而現在要證明這些船也很脆弱，這對俄羅斯傳達了一個強烈的訊息，就是他們不能永遠透過空殼公司來躲藏這些東西。

That was William Alberg, security analyst with the Pacific Forum.

這是太平洋論壇的安全分析師 William Alberg。

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烏克蘭如何達成對2000公里外地中海油輪的無人機襲擊？ | DW 新聞 (How did Ukraine pull off a drone strike on a tanker 2,000 km away in the Mediterranean? | DW News)

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