Name: 如何精彩地失敗：藝術與科學的結合！ (The art and science of failing well)
Uploaded: 2025-12-10T18:01:26.000Z
Duration: 6 min 17 s

Whenever somebody turns a failure into success, something really interesting has happened and we should be asking ourselves how and why.

當有人將失敗轉化為成功時，就會發生一些非常有趣的事情，我們應該問問自己是如何做到的，又是為什麼。

to 不定詞

We find it really hard to separate the idea that I made a mistake, I failed, I did something wrong with the idea that I am a failure.

我們很難將「我犯了錯誤、我失敗了、我做錯了事」和「我就是個失敗者」這兩個想法分開。

動名詞

There's no way that people can learn without failing.

想想我們這個時代的一些英雄。

They've made enormous number of mistakes.

It's through failure that we can enjoy deep learning, become more resilient and stronger.

正是透過失敗，我們才能享受深層學習，變得更堅韌、更強大。

And if you look at the life of any successful person, they've always had major as well as minor failures.

如果你看看任何成功人士的生活，他們總是經歷過重大和次要的失敗。

I can't figure out any other way for people to learn how to do most things but to sort of screw up enough till the point where they get better at it.

我想不出有什麼其他方法能讓人學會大多數事情，除非有點搞砸，直到他們變得更好。

When I think about failure, there's three general sorts of responses that emerge from both the management literature and practice.

當我想到失敗時，管理學文獻和實踐中都出現了三種一般幾種回應。

The first one is what I call the forgive and forget approach.

第一種是我稱之為「原諒與遺忘」的方法。

And the problem with forgive and forget is there's like no accountability and there's no learning.

「原諒與遺忘」的問題在於，幾乎沒有問責，也沒有學習。

The second approach is what I call the Silicon Valley standard.

第二種方法是我稱之為「矽谷標準」。

This is remember, blame, stigmatize, ostracize and humiliate.

這就是記住、責備、汙名化、排斥和羞辱。

And the problem with that is that when you sort of humiliate people or put them down when they fail, then they're afraid to admit mistakes and the whole world turns into a cover your ass sort of game.

問題是，當你羞辱或貶低人們在失敗時，他們就會害怕承認錯誤，整個世界就會變成一場互相推卸責任的遊戲。

And the way that the most effective organizations, and

in fact if you look at research on hospitals that learn from medical mistakes, this is sort of the mantra they sometimes use.

事實上，如果你看看關於醫院從醫療錯誤中學習的研究，這就是他們有時會使用的「準則」。

So you forgive to have some psychological safety and remember so that you can learn from your own mistakes and other people's mistakes.

所以你原諒是為了有心理上的安全感，而記住是為了能從自己的錯誤和別人的錯誤中學習。

I experience hardships and difficulties just like anyone else does.

我和其他人一樣，都會經歷艱辛和困難。

And what positive psychology does is give one tools to overcome this.

而正向心理學就是提供工具來克服這些。

Positive psychology essentially focuses on what works.

正向心理學本質上專注於有效的方法。

When we focus on people's strengths, when we cultivate their happiness, we're actually indirectly also helping them deal with hardships and difficulties.

當我們專注於人們的優勢，當我們培養他們的快樂時，我們其實也在間接幫助他們應對艱辛和困難。

The first thing that an organization needs to do is to give space for people to fail.

組織需要做的第一件事，就是給予人們失敗的空間。

It needs to identify the areas where failure is not traumatic or terrible, to also consider giving people recovery space.

它需要找出哪些失敗不會造成創傷或可怕的後果，同時也要考慮給予人們恢復的空間。

It's no coincidence that the word creation and recreation are etymologically linked because we need to recreate if we want to create these Recovery periods in the long term actually contribute to creativity, productivity, as well as happiness.

「創造」和「再創造」這兩個詞在詞源上有所關聯，這絕非巧合，因為如果我們想創造，就需要再創造。長遠來看，這些恢復期實際上能促進創意、生產力和快樂。

All of us are at risk of cognitive dissonance in a small way whenever we make a mistake, particularly a mistake on something that's important to us, when we've invested our reputation, when we put money into it, when we put time into it, that is when we are most at risk because our self image is under threat.

當我們犯錯時，我們都可能在某種程度上經歷認知失調，特別是當我們犯了一個對我們來說很重要的錯誤時，當我們投入了聲譽、金錢、時間，那時我們最有可能面臨風險，因為我們的自我形象受到了威脅。

我們發現很難將「我犯了一個錯誤，我失敗了，我做錯了事」與「我就是一個失敗者」的想法分開。

I am the kind of person who makes mistakes and who gets things wrong.

我就是那種會犯錯、會把事情搞砸的人。

The first step in responding in a constructive way when you've made a mistake is to separate yourself from the mistake.

當你犯錯時，以建設性方式回應的第一步，就是將自己與錯誤分開。

To understand you can be a person who made a mistake.

要理解，你可以是個犯了錯誤的人。

That does not make you a person who will always make mistakes.

這並不代表你將永遠是個犯錯的人。

Then you'll be able to admit you got something wrong and start to, in a mature and forward thinking way, think about how to fix it.

然後你就能承認自己做錯了事，並以成熟、有前瞻性的方式思考如何修正。

Since failure is around every corner, we're always making mistakes.

因為失敗無所不在，我們總是在犯錯。

If we're trying to do something interesting, we're going to be making mistakes.

如果我們試著做一些有趣的事情，我們就會犯錯。

So whenever you're trying a new experiment, whether it's a new job, a new product, a new hobby, a new boyfriend or girlfriend, whatever it is, you need to give some thought to what you're going to do if it doesn't work out, and

所以，當你嘗試新的實驗時，無論是新工作、新產品、新興趣、新對象，不管是什麼，你都需要仔細想想如果事情不如預期，你會怎麼做，然後

how to minimize the downside as well as taking advantage of the upside.

如何將損失降到最低，同時也要把握住機會。

The next thing is to have some sort of feedback mechanism that tells you whether things are going well or not going well tells you whether you're succeeding or failing.

接下來是建立某種回饋機制，告訴你事情是否順利，是否成功或失敗。

Often it's simply a case of asking yourself what the markers for success might be.

很多時候，這只是問問自己成功的指標可能有哪些。

Or even simpler than that, just asking someone you can trust to give you a straight opinion.

或者更簡單，就問一個你信任的人，給你一個直率的意見。

It can be remarkably hard to get people to give you an honest and constructive opinion, but

要讓人給你誠懇且具建設性的意見，其實非常困難，但

that's the kind of feedback that you need if you're going to fix your own mistakes.

如果你想修正自己的錯誤，這就是你需要的反饋。

Thomas Edison has patented 1093 inventions, more than any other scientist inventor in history.

湯瑪斯·愛迪生擁有 1093 項專利，是歷史上擁有專利最多的科學發明家。

He's also the scientist, as far as we know, who has failed the most times.

據我們所知，他也是失敗次數最多的科學家。

When Edison was working on a battery, an interviewer came over and said to him, edison, you have failed thousand times.

當愛迪生在研究電池時，一位記者來找他，對他說：「愛迪生，你已經失敗了一千次了。」

To which Edison responded, I haven't failed a thousand times, I've succeeded a thousand times.

愛迪生回應說：「我不是失敗了一千次，我是一千次地成功了。」

I've succeeded in showing what doesn't work.

我成功地展示了哪些方法行不通。

Edison also famously said, I failed my way to success.

愛迪生也曾名言：「我是一路失敗，走向成功的。」

One of the mantras that I repeat over and over again to myself, to my students is learn to fail, learn or fail to learn.

我不斷對自己、對我的學生重複的其中一個座右銘是：學習失敗，學習，否則就失敗地學習。

I tell them that I wish them that they fail more, and I truly, sincerely mean it.

我告訴他們，我希望他們多失敗，我說的是真心話。