Name: 如何規劃牆壁、地板和屋頂 | 空間佈局詳細解說 (How To Lay Out Walls, Floors, and Roofs | Explaining Layout)
Uploaded: 2025-12-09T23:24:02.000Z
Duration: 8 min 58 s

Eric here with the Perkins Builder Brothers.

Eric 在這裡，我是 Perkins Builder Brothers 的 Eric。

Today's video is going to be all about layout.

今天的影片就是要教大家關於佈局。

So if you're going to build a house or a deck or a shed or anything you need to know about layout for your floors, walls and roof.

所以如果你要蓋房子、甲板、儲藏室，或是任何需要知道地板、牆壁和屋頂佈局的東西。

So we're going to break this down into three parts.

Why you need a layout, the different types of layouts, the common types, and

你為什麼需要佈局、不同種類的佈局，還有常見的佈局，以及

number three, how to lay things out on center.

第三點，如何在中心距上進行佈局。

And that's the biggest mystery that I found.

If you're in the construction field and you learn how to do this correctly, your boss is going to really appreciate it.

如果你在建築業，並且學會正確地做這件事，你的老闆一定會非常賞識你。

好的，第一部分，為什麼你需要佈局？

And that's so that your walls have an even uniform strength.

這樣你的牆壁就會有均勻一致的強度。

There's a stud equally spaced all through the walls or a floor joist equally spaced all through the floor.

牆壁裡會有等間距的柱，地板裡也會有等間距的地板託梁。

Number two is that those spaces will line up on every floor, floor to floor, if you keep them all in the same layout.

第二點是，這些間隔在每一層樓都會對齊，樓層之間對齊，如果你們都保持一樣的佈局。

So your floor joists, then your studs, then your rafters are all lined up so there's an even open bay for your mechanical systems or your wires to run through your walls, through your floors, through your roof without something getting in the way and your mechanical contractors getting really ticked off at you.

所以你的地板託梁、柱子、椽子都會對齊，這樣就會有一個均勻的開闊空間，讓你的機械繫統或電線穿過牆壁、地板、屋頂，而不會有東西擋路，也不會讓你的機電承包商對你非常生氣。

And number three, this is really important.

If you do your layout correctly, all of your sheet goods will fit onto your studs, floor joists and rafters without having to cut them.

如果你正確地進行佈局，你所有的板材都能裝在柱子、地板託梁和椽子上，而不需要切割。

Your eight foot lengths and your four foot lengths will break evenly in the middle of a stud, rafter or floor joists.

你八英尺長的和四英尺長的都會剛好落在柱子、椽子或地板託梁的中心。

And that's super important for your sheeting and also your drywall so you don't have to measure or cut all your sheets.

這對你的板材和石膏板來說都非常重要，這樣你就不用測量或切割所有的板材了。

You can just throw down full sheets and get on with it.

你可以直接鋪上整張板材然後繼續做。

Okay, let's roll on with part du, part two.

And that is the three most common types of layout.

這就是最常見的三種佈局方式。

That is 16 inches on center, 24 inches on center and 19.2 inches on center.

分別是 16 英吋中心距、24 英吋中心距和 19.2 英吋中心距。

With 16 inches on center, you're going to break 8ft into 6 even spaces.

以 16 英吋中心距來說，你會將 8 英尺抽成 6 個均勻的間隔。

With 19.2 on center, you're going to Break 8ft into 5 even spaces.

以 19.2 英吋中心距來說，你會將 8 英尺抽成 5 個均勻的間隔。

And with 2 foot on center, you're going to breakdown 8ft into 4 even spaces.

而以 2 英尺中心距來說，你會將 8 英尺抽成 4 個均勻的間隔。

Well, it matters because most of your sheet goods, like your plywood or your sheetrock are 8 foot increments.

嗯，這很重要，因為你大部分的板材，像是合板或石膏板，都是 8 英尺的間隔。

And that makes it easy to put your sheet goods on the wall.

這樣一來，你就可以輕鬆地將板材鋪在牆上了。

好的，我們來稍微延伸說明一下。

Some of your finer sheet goods like this Advantech subflooring actually have all of the common types of layout put on them.

有些比較精緻的板材，像是這種 Advantech 地板底層板，上面其實已經標示了所有常見的佈局類型。

So I'm going to pull a tape across here so we can check that out.

所以我要拉一條捲尺過來，這樣我們就可以檢查一下。

We're going to have circles and they're breaking on your 16 inch increments.

我們會看到圓圈，它們是按照 16 英吋的間隔標示的。

And by the way, if you can zoom in, that's that little diamond you see on your tape measure there.

對了，如果你可以放大一下，那就是你在捲尺上看到的那個小小的菱形標記。

所以你在菱形標記上看到的是 19.2。

Then we're going to scroll on down to the squares.

然後我們要捲動到下面的方塊。

And if we keep going, you'll have again, circle 16.

然後如果我們繼續，你又會看到一個 16 的圓圈。

你會看到一個 19.2 的菱形，24 的方塊。

And if we go all the way to the end, you see that this sheet is 8 foot long.

如果我們捲動到最下面，你會看到這塊板材是 8 英尺長。

And there's something very special about 8 foot.

Eight foot just happens to be your diamond, which is right there.

8 英尺正好就是你的菱形，就在那裡。

It happens to be your red number, which is your 16, and

它正好是你的紅色數字，也就是 16，

it's also your black number, which is your two foot.

還有你的黑色數字，也就是兩英尺。

So that is why eight foot is so important.

這就是為什麼 8 英尺這麼重要。

And that's why these three most common types of layouts all break on that.

這就是為什麼這三種最常見的佈局都會在這裡斷開。

Let's talk about the more confusing or more elusive part of this.

我們來談談這比較令人困惑或難以捉摸的部分。

And that's putting studs or floor joists or rafters center.

那就是將柱子、地板託梁或椽子放在中心。

And this would be as if I'm hooking on the outside of a structure and pulling across.

這就像我掛在結構外側然後拉過去一樣。

But we don't want our stud edge on this mark.

但我們不希望我們的柱子邊緣落在這一條線上。

And we need a mark to align our stud edge because that's what you can see.

我們需要一個標記來對齊我們的柱子邊緣，因為那是你看得到的部分。

So I'm going to mark three quarters back from that 15 and a quarter.

所以我會在 15 又 1/4 的地方往後標記 3/4。

That will break this stud 3/4 on either side of this center mark.

這樣就會讓這根柱子在這個中心標記的兩側各偏移 3/4。

And the reason you mark the edge and not the center is that when you install a stud, you can still see that line.

之所以標記邊緣而不是中心，是因為當你安裝柱子時，你仍然看得到那條線。

And you can use it to line up the framing square with the plate, as in this way you can tell that it's where it's supposed to be.

你可以用它來對齊框架角尺和板材，像這樣你就可以知道它在哪裡了。

If you would have made that mark underneath the center, like right through here, that mark would be not visible as soon as you put this in, wouldn't be much good to you.

如果你把標記畫在中心下方，就像這裡一樣，一旦你放進去，那個標記就看不到了，對你來說就沒什麼用了。

Now you can mark one side or the other side or both sides.

現在你可以標記一邊，或另一邊，或兩邊。

And so we're going to go on down through here.

This is called quarters set ahead is what I've had a builder tell me before.

這叫做「前置四分之一」，有建築師以前這樣跟我說過。

The name of this, because you go from the quarter that's back from your increments.

之所以叫做這個名字，是因為你從四分之一開始，然後是間隔。

this is super important, it's the whole point of this is that this gets the eight foot stud, I'll mark both sides of this exactly centered on the end of your sheet goods right here.

這點非常重要，這整個的重點就是，這會讓八英尺的柱子，我會在這板材的兩側標記，精確地標在板材的末端中心。

So the center of the sheet good will break exactly in the center of your stud.

所以板材的中心會剛好落在柱子的中心。

And that's super important because now we can start with our next sheet.

這點非常重要，因為現在我們可以開始放下一塊板材了。

And it will have something to bear on, which is the whole point of this.

而且它會有東西可以支撐，這就是重點。

And I hope everybody can understand that from what I just said.

希望大家從我剛才說的都能理解。

Okay, let me talk to you about one other really quick important thing and that's cutting your plates to the right length.

好的，讓我快速跟你們說另一件非常重要的事，那就是把板條裁切成正確的長度。

I like to cut the plates to exactly 16ft or exactly 8ft if you can.

我喜歡把板條裁切成剛好16英尺，或者如果可以的話，剛好8英尺。

Most plates do not come exactly 8 or 16ft, even though that's the nominal length.

大部分的板材並非剛好8或16英尺，即使這是標稱長度。

16 and 38 is what this plate measures from the factory.

這塊板材出廠時量起來是16又3/8。

所以我們要把它裁切成剛好16英尺。

The reason being when we butt our tape into the end of this plate to lay out our next wall, our tape will already be on center of layout.

這樣做的原因是，當我們把捲尺靠在這塊板材的末端來佈局下一道牆時，捲尺就會剛好落在佈局的中心線上。

I'm going to make a quick note that the stud on the outside of your structure will not split on center.

我要快速記一下，結構外側的柱子不會在中心線上分割。

It will actually have the edge on the center because you don't want your stud sticking out three quarters past the rest of your structure.

它實際上會將邊緣放在中心上，因為我們不希望柱子突出結構的其餘部分四分之三。

So that stud will be an inch and a half in right there.

所以那根柱子會在裡面一又二分之一英寸。

Before I do the regular layout, what I usually do is lay out all the windows and the doors in the wall.

在我做常規佈局之前，我通常會先佈局牆壁上的所有窗戶和門。

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如何規劃牆壁、地板和屋頂 | 空間佈局詳細解說 (How To Lay Out Walls, Floors, and Roofs | Explaining Layout)

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structure

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common