Name: 9 個最佳學習策略排名 | 停止錯誤的學習方法 (9 BEST Study Strategies Ranked | Stop Studying Wrong)
Uploaded: 2025-11-02T18:14:18.000Z
Duration: 11 min 12 s

基礎被動語態

Not all study strategies are made equal and the vast majority of students study ineffectively.

並非所有讀書方法都一樣，絕大多數的學生都讀得很沒效率。

What are the nine most effective study strategies and how do we rank the best of the best?

哪九種最有效的讀書方法，又是怎麼排出這些頂尖中的頂尖呢？

Dr. Jubbal medschoolinsiders.com each of the study techniques outlined in this video is a valuable evidence based tool.

Dr. Jubbal medschoolinsiders.com 影片中提到的讀書技巧，都是有實證基礎的寶貴工具。

In our ninth spot is studying in small groups of two to three people.

第九名是兩人到三人小組讀書。

Any more than three people in a study group will result in more distractions than benef.

如果讀書小組超過三人，分心的程度會大於益處。

The reason studying in small groups is so effective is that it aids motivation and accountability.

小組讀書之所以如此有效，是因為它能提升動力和責任感。

You have to follow through on your commitments when you plan a study session with someone else, and

當你跟別人約好讀書時間，你就必須信守承諾，

if you find positive influences to study with, they will hold you accountable.

你就能找到正向的讀書夥伴，他們會讓你更有責任感。

You won't be able to study effectively with just anyone.

Surround yourself with fellow students you can count on who have similar goals, work ethic and values to your own.

找那些你可以信賴、目標、工作態度和價值觀都跟你相似的同學。

The biggest downfall of studying in groups is the potential for it to turn into a hangout session.

小組讀書最大的缺點，就是它很容易變成閒聊聚會。

Don't mislabel the meeting if it's truly usually a study session, save talking about the next season of House of the Dragon until after studying or another time entirely.

如果會議真的通常是讀書時間，別再貼標籤了，等讀書完或另外找時間再聊《龍之家族》下一季。

Fully committing to either will be much more rewarding in both instances.

專心投入其中一件事，兩方面都會讓你收穫更多。

At number eight is dual coding, which refers to learning a concept through multiple different modalities.

第八項是 dual coding，意思就是透過多種不同的方式來學習一個概念。

For example, you may read about a concept in a textbook and additionally watch a YouTube video on the topic or see an experiment demonstration in class to drive the point home.

例如，你可能會在課本上讀到一個概念，然後再看一段關於這個主題的 YouTube 影片，或是在課堂上看到實驗演示，來加深印象。

Don't be afraid to let studying get a little messy.

別害怕讓讀書過程變得有點「亂」。

Go beyond the textbook and lecture to fill in knowledge gaps.

跳脫課本和課堂，去填補知識的空缺。

Supplement anything you're unsure of with other forms of media that explain the same concept but in a different format.

補充任何你不確定的地方，用其他形式的媒體來解釋同一個概念，但用不同的呈現方式。

You can also create multimodal study resources yourself.

你也可以自己製作 multimodal 的學習資源。

For example, the process of creating a diagram helps with both comprehension and retention, and

例如，製作圖表的過程有助於理解和記憶，而且

then you'll have a condensed high yield visual for future reference.

這樣一來，你就會有一份精簡的 high yield 視覺資料，供日後參考。

Interleaving simply means switching between multiple topics, ideas, or subjects during a single study session.

interleaving 簡單來說，就是在一次讀書時間裡，在多個主題、想法或科目之間切換。

This strategy is particularly helpful with subjects that require problem solving, such as physics, chemistry, or math.

這項策略對於需要解決問題的科目特別有幫助，像是物理、化學或數學。

Interleaving facilitates finding links, similarities and differences between ideas as you interleave.

interleaving 讓你能在切換主題時，更容易找到想法之間的連結、相似點和差異點。

Approach subjects in different orders to encourage improved understanding.

用不同的順序來學習科目，可以促進理解力的提升。

Make a conscious effort to think about how you can link principles between the different concepts.

有意識地去思考，如何將不同概念之間的原理連結起來。

另一個額外的優點是能維持持久力。

When you're strategically shifting between topics, you can ward off burnout and boredom through novel stimuli.

當你策略性地在不同主題間切換時，新鮮的刺激可以幫助你避免倦怠和無聊。

This is particularly beneficial when studying for major standardized exams like the SAT or mcat.

這對於準備 SAT 或 mcat 這類大型 standardized 考試特別有益。

However, note that interleaving requires a bit of calibration.

不過，要注意的是，interleaving 需要一點點的調整。

If you spend too little or too much time on a single topic, it can prove detrimental.

如果你在單一主題上花費的時間太少或太多，都可能會有反效果。

If you switch too often, you can fail to achieve meaningful, deep understanding.

如果你切換得太頻繁，可能會無法達到有意義、深入的理解。

If you spend too much time on one area, you're not interleaving, you're just performing traditional blocked studying.

如果你在單一領域花費太多時間，那就不是 interleaving，你只是在做傳統的 blocked studying。

In our number six spot, we have concrete examples.

Concrete examples facilitate the understanding of complex or difficult concepts.

具體例子能幫助理解複雜或難懂的概念。

Find relevant examples that illustrate the principles from a lesson you're trying to learn.

找出能說明你正在學習的課程原則的相關例子。

Ensure you deeply understand how the concrete example is a reflection of this principle.

確保你深入理解這個具體例子是如何反映這個原則的。

In practice, start by collecting examples and then explaining how the example illustrates the principle you're attempting to learn, and

實際上，一開始可以先收集例子，然後解釋例子如何說明你試圖學習的原則，

You can also create your your own examples or exchange examples with your study group for added benefit.

你也可以創造自己的例子，或是和你的讀書小組交換例子，以獲得額外的好處。

When practicing this technique, ensure the examples are accurate and relevant to the concept you're studying.

練習這項技巧時，請確保例子準確且與你正在學習的概念相關。

Too often, students find poor examples online, through friends or from other resources that reinforce an improper understanding.

學生們常常在網路上、透過朋友或從其他資源找到不好的例子，這些例子反而會加深錯誤的理解。

At number five is the Pomodoro technique, which we've covered on the channel many times before.

第五個是番茄鐘技巧，我們頻道之前講過很多次了。

It breaks study sessions into attainable blocks of 25 minutes followed by five minute breaks.

它把讀書時間抽成可達成的 25 分鐘區塊，然後休息 5 分鐘。

Instead of sitting down to study for three hours, you're only sitting down for 25 minutes at a time.

與其一次坐下來讀書 3 小時，你每次只坐下來 25 分鐘。

After four Pomodoro cycles, take a longer break of 20 minutes and repeat.

經過四個番茄鐘循環後，休息 20 分鐘，然後重複。

25.5 is a good place to start, but it's not a magic number.

5 分鐘是個不錯的開始點，但它不是個魔術數字。

Pomodoro is flexible if you want to work in slightly longer or shorter sessions.

如果你想分組工作時間長一點或短一點，番茄鐘都很彈性。

The technique is effective because it helps you build momentum, holds you accountable, and

這個技巧之所以有效，是因為它能幫助你建立動能、讓你對自己負責，並且

Limit distractions to get the most out of the Pomodoro technique, your aim is to be efficient, focused and disciplined while avoiding external temptations.

限制幹擾，才能充分利用番茄鐘技巧，你的目標是在避開外部誘惑的同時，保持效率、專注和紀律。

The whole point is 25 minutes of intense focus.

Keep your phone on silent and out of arm's reach or outside of the room altogether to give absolute focus to the task at hand.

手機請設為靜音，並放在碰不到的地方，甚至放到另一個房間，這樣才能全心投入手邊的任務。

To avoid the common mistakes students make when using Pomodoro, check out this video.

想知道學生在使用番茄鐘時常犯的錯誤有哪些，可以看看這支影片。

Right up here in the fourth spot we have the Feynman Technique.

再來第四個要介紹的，是費曼學習法。

Created by the Nobel Prize winning physicist Richard Feynman.

這是由諾貝爾獎得主、物理學家費曼所創立的。

The Feynman technique helps you master and retain difficult concepts by explaining them to someone else as clearly and simply as possible.

費曼學習法能幫助你徹底理解並記住困難的概念，方法是盡可能清楚、簡單地向別人解釋這些概念。

First, write the concept's name at the top of the page, you are deliberately focusing your attention on mastering this single topic or concept.

第一步，在紙上寫下概念的名稱，你刻意將注意力集中在掌握這個單一主題或概念上。

Next, explain the concept using simple language as if you were explaining it to a friend who is unfamiliar with it.

接著，用簡單的語言解釋這個概念，就像在跟一個不熟悉它的朋友解釋一樣。

The third step is where the magic happens.

第三個步驟，就是見證奇蹟的時刻。

As you work on explaining the concept, you will naturally identify areas you're having difficulty explaining in simple terms.

當你試著解釋這個概念時，你會自然而然地發現自己在哪裡解釋得不夠清楚。

Use this as a guide when you go back to your textbook or lecture materials to fill in the gaps in your understanding.

回頭看課本或上課筆記時，就把這當作一份指南，來補足你理解上的不足。

Lastly, now that you've explained the concept, go back and pinpoint any complicated terms and challenge yourself to simplify them further.

最後，既然你已經解釋過這個概念了，就回頭找出那些複雜的詞彙，挑戰自己把它們變得更簡單。

Use any analogies that may aid your understanding.

可以用任何有助於你理解的比喻。

Don't just think of how to make it simple, think of how you would explain it to a child or parent.

不只要想著怎麼讓它變簡單，還要想想你會怎麼跟小孩或爸媽解釋。

The act of simplifying difficult concepts using the Feynman technique helps a great deal with understanding and information retention, which is why we have it ranked so high on our list.

用費曼技巧簡化艱難概念的過程，對於理解和資訊記憶非常有幫助，這也是為什麼我們把它排在這麼前面。

The process ensures you understand the concept at a foundational level so that you don't fool yourself into believing you're more of an expert than you are.

這個過程能確保你從根本上理解概念，這樣你就不會誤以為自己比實際更懂。

To take this technique to the next level, combine it with strategy number nine small study groups.

想要把這個技巧提升到下一個層次，可以跟第九個策略「小型讀書會」結合。

You add a sensory and emotional element plus real time feedback by explaining concepts to one or two of your study buddies in real time.

你可以加入感官和情感元素，再加上即時回饋，方法是即時跟一兩個讀書夥伴解釋概念。

At number three is desirable difficulties, which posits that anything requiring a great deal of effort will improve long term performance, despite the fact it may initially slow down learning.

第三名是「期望的困難」，這個概念認為，任何需要付出大量努力的事物，即使一開始可能會減緩學習速度，但都能提升長期的表現。

If you bench press 10 pound dumbbells, you're technically doing chest exercises, but

如果你舉的是10磅的啞鈴，你確實是在做胸部運動，

you're not challenging yourself enough to the weight is not enough to create the micro tears and stimulus necessary to grow your muscles.

但你並沒有挑戰自己到足夠的程度，重量不足以產生微撕裂和刺激來增長肌肉。

This is what happens with passive learning strategies.

這就是被動學習策略會發生的情況。

On the other hand, if you bench to the near max of your capabilities, you're exerting yourself to a far greater capacity, resulting in muscle breakdown and ultimately hypertrophy.

另一方面，如果你盡力去舉重，你就是在發揮更大的能力，造成肌肉分解，最終實現肥大。

Students naturally want to find the easiest path and confuse easy with effective.

學生們自然而然地想找最簡單的路，並把簡單和有效混為一談。

it's far less effective and will take more time in the long run.

但長期來看，它的效果差很多，而且會花更多時間。

Don't shy away from the discomfort and friction you initially feel.

不要害怕一開始感受到的不適和阻礙。

It's all part of the learning process and proves that your efforts are working.

這都是學習過程的一部分，也證明瞭你的努力正在奏效。

We have desirable difficulties in our number three spot because it's a common thread throughout some of the best study techniques and a reminder that the most efficient and effective path will have more resistance.

我們把「令人渴望的困難」放在第三名，因為這是許多最佳學習技巧中常見的主題，同時也提醒我們，最有效率的路徑會遇到更多阻力。

At number two, the second best study strategy is spaced repetition.

第二名，也就是第二好的學習策略是間隔重複。

Repeated exposure to a piece of information at Increasing intervals between each repetition optimizes memorization and retention in the least amount of time.

在每次重複之間增加間隔時間，反覆接觸資訊，能在最短時間內優化記憶和保留。

This is due to the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve.

In its simplest terms, the forgetting curve demonstrates that after forming a memory, we gradually forget more and more of it as time elapses.

簡單來說，遺忘曲線顯示，在形成記憶後，隨著時間過去，我們會逐漸忘記越來越多內容。

By reviewing the information just before we forget it, the memory becomes more durable.

在我們快要忘記之前複習資訊，記憶就會變得更持久。

If we see the same information multiple times over increasing intervals, we're much more likely to encode those facts into long term memory.

如果在越來越長的間隔時間內多次看到相同資訊，我們就更有可能將這些事實編碼成長期記憶。

這就是為什麼臨時抱佛腳如此無效。

Studying for eight hours spread across two weeks generally results in superior performance compared to studying for eight hours in one sitting.

兩週內分散八小時的學習，通常比一次坐下來學八小時的表現來得好。

To streamline this process, create a study schedule for yourself where you plan out when to review older material.

為了簡化這個過程，請為自己制定學習計畫，安排好複習舊內容的時間。

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9 個最佳學習策略排名 | 停止錯誤的學習方法 (9 BEST Study Strategies Ranked | Stop Studying Wrong)

ultimately

relevant

process

engage