Name: 心血管 | 心臟解剖 | 心臟模型 (Cardiovascular | Anatomy of the Heart | Heart Model)
Uploaded: 2025-10-28T19:35:05.000Z
Duration: 18 min 32 s

Alright engineers, we're going to take a look here at the heart.

好的各位工程師，我們來看這裡的心臟。

So if you look here at the heart, this is the anterior surface of the heart.

所以各位如果看這裡的心臟，這是心臟的前表面。

This back here is the posterior surface of the heart.

Inferior surface down here, this is the apex of the heart.

這裡下面的下表面，這是心臟的心尖。

And then up here is the superior surface.

Or you know, we actually say like the base is going to be pointing towards the right shoulder.

或者你知道，我們其實說心基會指向右肩。

So, alright, so let's take a look at the heart.

所以，好的，那我們來看看心臟。

Going to kind of go over all the structures in the anterior surface here.

我們要來介紹一下這裡前表面的所有結構。

So if you look here, you can see this part right here, this little fatty pouching here.

所以各位如果看這裡，可以看到這個部分，這個小小的脂肪囊。

This is actually an auricle and it's on again.

這其實是一個心耳，而且它又在。

This is over here, this is the left side and over here this is the right side.

這邊是左邊，然後這邊是右邊。

So this is the left auricle and the left auricle is kind of like a fatty pouch and it has some muscle tissue that also allows for it to kind of squeeze some of the blood into the atria in that area right behind this is going to be the left atrium.

所以這是左心耳，左心耳有點像個脂肪囊，裡面有一些肌肉組織，可以讓它擠壓一些血液到後面的心房，也就是左心房。

And we'll show you when we take this piece off over here, we can see the right auricle.

那我們把這塊移開，就可以看到右心耳了。

If you look here, this is going to be the pulmonary trunk.

如果你看這裡，這就是肺動脈幹。

It's what takes deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs to get oxygenated.

它會把右心室的去氧血送到肺部進行含氧。

So that's why it's actually going to appear blue because it's going to be taking again deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs to get oxygenated.

所以這就是為什麼它會呈現藍色，因為它會再次把右心室的去氧血送到肺部進行含氧。

So it goes pulmonary trunk and then it has this branch over here that we can see.

所以是肺動脈幹，然後這裡有一個分支。

This is actually going to be the, specifically the left pulmonary artery.

We'll take a look at the bright pulmonary artery here in a second.

我們等一下會看一下右肺動脈。

If you look here, we have a big, big vessel coming out of the heart.

這裡的話，我們可以看到一條很大的血管從心臟出來。

This portion here, this is the aortic arch.

And then you have three vessels that come off the aortic arch in order.

然後主動脈弓會分出三個血管，依序是。

This first one here is actually going to be called the brachiocephalic artery.

第一個血管，其實叫做頭臂動脈。

It splits into the specifically the right subclavian and the right common carotid.

然後會分出右鎖骨下動脈和右頸總動脈。

The second one here is going to be called the left common carotid artery.

第二個在這裡，叫做左頸總動脈。

And this one back here, all the way in the back here is going to be the left subclavian artery.

然後這個在後面，最裡面的這個是左鎖骨下動脈。

And then again the aortic arch will go down into the descending or we actually say first thoracic and then abdominal, but

接著主動脈弓會向下延伸到降主動脈，我們實際上會先稱為胸主動脈，然後是腹主動脈，但是

Alright, now let's go ahead and turn this a little bit.

好的，那我們現在把它轉一下。

All right guys, so now I turned it here to the right side.

好的各位，所以現在我把它轉到右邊這邊。

If you look here, we got a nice big vessel right here that dumps into the right atrium.

你們看這邊，這裡有一條很大的血管，它會流入右心房。

This one right here is called the superior vena cava.

So that's the superior vena cava, this vein right here and this vein right here, they actually merge together.

所以這是上腔靜脈，這條靜脈和這條靜脈，它們其實會合併在一起。

One comes from the right side, one comes from the left side.

一條來自右邊，一條來自左邊。

So this is the right brachiocephalic, this one right here, this one over here is the left brachiocephalic vein.

這邊是右頭臂靜脈，這條是左頭臂靜脈。

Okay, so we have left brachiocephalic vein, right brachiocephalic vein come together and make the superior vena cava which dumps into the right atrium there.

好的，所以我們有左頭臂靜脈、右頭臂靜脈合併起來，形成上腔靜脈，然後流入右心房。

You can see this little vein that's kind of like nubbing off the back here.

你可以看到這條小靜脈，它在這裡有點像是突出來的。

It's actually going to be feeding into the superior vena cava.

We'll take a better look at it when I keep turning it around so we can look at the position, posterior portion of the heart, some of those vessels.

當我繼續把它轉一轉，以便我們能看到心臟的位置、後表面，以及一些血管時，我們會更仔細地看看它。

So let me keep turning it around a little bit more.

Alright guys, so if you see here, we can still see a piece of that aorta again, that's going to be the descending aorta.

好的各位，所以如果你們看這裡，我們又可以看到一部分的主動脈，那就是降主動脈。

It's going to go down to the thoracic aorta down here.

它會向下延伸到這裡的胸主動脈。

Then you can actually see nice, nice view here of the pulmonary arteries.

然後你們可以看到很漂亮的肺動脈。

This one is the right pulmonary artery over here.

And this one over here is the left pulmonary artery.

So again, those are deoxygenated vessels.

所以再說一次，那些是去氧血管。

Remember that they're taking blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen.

記住它們是將血液帶到肺部去獲取氧氣。

這就是為什麼它們看起來是藍色的。

So most people will be like, oh, these are the pulmonary veins.

所以很多人會想說，喔，這是肺靜脈。

Arteries by definition take blood away from the heart, veins take blood back to the heart.

動脈的定義是將血液帶離心臟，靜脈則是將血液帶迴心臟。

And then the veins that come back from the lungs are going to be oxygenated.

然後從肺部帶回來的靜脈會是含氧的。

That's why these ones are the pulmonary veins and they're red.

這就是為什麼這些是肺靜脈，而且它們是紅色的。

Again, these ones over here are the pulmonary veins.

再說一次，這裡的這些是肺靜脈。

Left pulmonary artery, this one right there.

Right, left pulmonary artery over here is the right pulmonary artery.

好的，這裡的右肺動脈是右肺動脈。

And down here are going to be the right Pulmonary veins.

Alright, and again, you can actually see that vein that I was showing you before.

好，再說一次，你其實可以看到我之前給你看的那條靜脈。

This one right there is the azygos vein, that one right there.

And it actually comes up all the way from your actual, your common iliacs.

它其實是從你的總腸骨一路往上來的。

It can bring blood all the way up and bypass the inferior vena cava.

它可以把血液帶上來，然後繞過下腔靜脈。

We'll talk about that with its relationship to pregnancy and one of the other models.

我們之後在跟懷孕相關的討論，還有其他模型時會講到。

And again we're taking a look at the posterior portion of the heart.

而且我們又在看心臟的後表面了。

Now what we're going to do is we're going to flip it back over and we're going to take a look at some of the vessels of the coronary side circuit.

現在我們要把它翻回去，然後我們來看看冠狀動脈循環的一些血管。

Alright guys, so now we're here again back on the anterior aspect of the heart.

好的各位，所以我們現在又回到心臟的前表面了。

Again, what we're going to take a look at is the coronary circuit.

再一次，我們要看的是冠狀動脈循環。

Now the coronary circuit, I'm going to show you that after, when I take this piece off, you're going to be able to see two arteries coming off of the aorta and they're the first ones to come off of the ascending aorta.

現在這個冠狀動脈循環，我之後會拿掉這個部分給你們看，你們會看到有兩條動脈從主動脈分出來，它們是從升主動脈最先分出來的。

Actually it's the right coronary artery and the left coronary artery.

實際上是右冠狀動脈和左冠狀動脈。

We have a video in physiology where you can actually see the circuit in more detail also.

我們在生理學的影片裡，可以看到更詳細的循環。

But this is going to go over the anatomy here.

So, so if we look, you can see this artery right here is going to be coming all the way down here.

所以，所以我們來看，你們可以看到這條動脈在這裡會一路往下。

And this one is actually going to be the anterior interventricular artery right there.

Anterior interventricular artery, but they also can call it the left anterior descending artery.

前室間動脈，但他們也可以稱它為左前降動脈。

About 40% of the myocardial infarctions actually occur within this artery.

大約有 40% 的心肌梗塞實際上發生在這個動脈裡。

Well, due to the blockage of this artery.

Because it supplies a good chunk of muscle, supplies the anterior walls of the ventricles, right of the left and the right, and

因為它供應了大部分的肌肉，供應心室的前壁，左心室和右心室，還有

it supplies the actual anterior wall of the interventricular septum, another branch.

它供應了真正的室間隔前壁，另一個分支。

So again, this is actually going to be this artery right here comes off of a specific coronary artery and that is the left coronary artery.

所以，再說一次，這實際上是這條動脈，它來自於一個特定的冠狀動脈，那就是左冠狀動脈。

So remember, left coronary artery gives way to two arteries.

所以請記住，左冠狀動脈會分出兩條動脈。

This one right here, anterior interventricular again, or we can also call it left anterior descending.

這條，前室間動脈，或者我們也可以稱它為左前降動脈。

And the other one is going to come off of the side over here.

而另一條會從這裡的旁邊分出來。

字幕列表影片播放

心血管 | 心臟解剖 | 心臟模型 (Cardiovascular | Anatomy of the Heart | Heart Model)

specific

alternative

structure

common