Name: 【英文文法】跟著 Georgie 學會「第三類條件句」！(The third conditional - Grammar: Conditionals with Georgie)
Uploaded: 2025-07-22T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 3 min 36 s

Hello, this is Georgie from BBC Learning English, and

哈囉，我是 BBC 學英文的 Georgie，然後

to 不定詞

in this video, we're looking at how to imagine a different past using something called the third conditional.

在這支影片中，我們要看的是如何運用「第三條件句」來想像一個不同的過去。

I interviewed my colleagues in the office.

我在辦公室訪問了我的同事們。

First, I asked them how they got to work.

首先，我問了他們是怎麼來上班的。

I got to work today by bus and then tube.

我今天是搭公車，然後再轉地鐵來上班。

He arrived on the underground train, the tube, but

I asked him to think back and imagine a different scenario.

我請他回想一下，並想像另一個情況。

What would you have done if the tube had been cancelled?

如果地鐵停駛了，你本來會怎麼做？

Well, if the tube had been cancelled, I would have got a bus a bit further and then got a train.

嗯，如果地鐵被停駛，我會多坐一段公車，然後再搭另一班火車。

So again, Neil arrived at the office successfully on the tube because the tubes were not cancelled.

所以再次強調，Neil 最終順利搭地鐵到辦公室，因為地鐵並沒有停駛。

But we're imagining a hypothetical situation where the tubes were cancelled

但我們現在是在想像一個假設情境：地鐵停駛了，

and Neil has to imagine the consequences of that and what he would have done instead.

而 Neil 必須想像在那種情況下，他會怎麼辦。

Now, Phil took the overground train to work, but

現在，Phil 是搭輕軌火車來上班的，但

I asked him what he would have done if the trains had been cancelled

我問他：如果火車停駛了，他會怎麼做？

and Phil's response is very fast, but you've got the subtitles there to help you.

而 Phil 的回答非常快，不過字幕可以幫助你理解。

If the train had been cancelled, I would have got a different train, which takes -

如果火車停駛，我會換搭另一班火車，那表示——

which means I'd have to get two trains, and it takes about an extra 15, 20 minutes.

意思是我得搭兩班火車，會多花大概 15 到 20 分鐘。

So usually, we shorten I would have got to woulda got, but

一般我們會把「I would have got」縮成「woulda got」，但

Phil shortens it even more to I woulda got.

Phil 又縮得更短，變成「I woulda got」。

So the third conditional is for imagining a different past,

所以第三條件句是用來想像「另一個過去」。

which means it's useful for talking about regrets, things we wish we could change about the past.

這表示它很常被用來談「後悔」——那些我們希望能改變的過去。

I asked my colleagues what they regretted.

我問了我的同事他們後悔什麼。

So I had a friend in primary school and now she has children, but

我小學時有一個朋友，現在她已經有小孩了，但

So, yeah, I wish that I'd stayed in touch with her.

所以，是啊，我希望我當時有保持聯絡。

If I'd stayed in touch with her, then I would have known her children.

如果我當時有跟她保持聯絡，我現在就會認識她的小孩。

It would have been nice to know her kids, but I don't.

認識她的小孩應該會很不錯，但我沒有。

Beth says she wishes she'd stayed in touch with her friend

Beth 說她希望當時有繼續跟朋友保持聯絡，

because if she had stayed in touch with her friend, she would have known her children.

因為如果她當時有保持聯絡，她現在就會認識朋友的小孩。

So we have a typical third conditional structure with an if-clause and a result clause.

這裡是一個典型的第三條件句結構：一個 if 子句和一個結果子句。

And then we have this other common structure where we use wish to express that we want something to be different.

然後還有另一個常見結構，就是用 wish 來表達希望事情有所不同。

This is a regret that a lot of people probably have, but I wish I had studied harder at school.

這應該是很多人都有的遺憾——我希望我在學校時更用功。

I wish I'd traveled to more countries on my gap year.

我希望我在空檔年旅行到更多國家。

Lastly, we can use the third conditional to blame someone for something they did.

最後，我們可以用第三條件句來「指責」某人做了某件事。

If you told me about it, I would have been there.

George is saying that it's Andrew's fault that he didn't go to the meeting

George 的意思是 Andrew 要對他沒參加會議負責，

because Andrew didn't tell George about the meeting.

因為 Andrew 沒有告訴他開會的事。

Now, pause the video and think about which structures are used to make a third conditional.

現在，暫停影片，想一下第三條件句的結構。

In the if-clause, we use the past perfect, and

在 if 子句中，我們使用「過去完成式」，而

in the result clause, we use would + have + a past participle.

在結果子句中，我們使用「would + have + 過去分詞」。

To recap, the third conditional is for imagining a different past.

總結一下：第三條件句是用來想像不同的過去。

"If the trains had been cancelled, I would have got the bus."

「如果火車停駛，我就會搭公車。」

"If I'd had piano lessons I would have learnt how to read music."

「如果我有上鋼琴課，我現在就會讀樂譜了。」

"If you'd told me about the meeting, I would have been there."

「如果你有告訴我開會，我就會去了。」

Don't forget to check out our website and download the free worksheet to help you practice.

別忘了到我們的網站下載免費練習講義，幫助你練習。

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【英文文法】跟著 Georgie 學會「第三類條件句」！(The third conditional - Grammar: Conditionals with Georgie)

pronunciation

scenario

situation

recap