Name: 所以你想成為一名輻射觀察員 [第 51 集］ (So You Want to Be a RADIATION ONCOLOGIST [Ep. 51])
Uploaded: 2025-06-19T17:59:06.000Z
Duration: 14 min 11 s

So you want to be a radiation oncologist.

所以你想成為一名放射腫瘤學家。

關係子句

You want to be the doctor who cures cancer once and for all.

你想成為徹底治癒癌症的醫生。

Let's debunk the public perception myths and give it to you straight.

讓我們來揭開公眾認知的迷霧，把它直接告訴你。

This is the reality of radiation oncology.

Welcome to our next installment in So You Want to Be.

歡迎收看下一期《你想成為這樣的人》。

In this series, we highlight a particular medical specialty or subspecialty to help you decide whether or not it's a good fit for you.

在本系列中，我們將重點介紹某一醫學專科或亞專科，以幫助您決定該專科或亞專科是否適合您。

You can find our catalog of over 50 career paths on our So You Want to Be playlist.

您可以在我們的 "So You Want to Be "播放列表中找到我們的目錄，其中包含 50 多種職業道路。

Radiation oncology is a medical specialty focused on the use of ionizing radiation to treat cancer as well as some benign conditions.

放射腫瘤學是一門醫學專科，側重於使用電離輻射治療癌症和一些良性疾病。

Radiation oncologists design and deliver targeted radiation therapy to eradicate tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.

放射腫瘤專家設計並實施有針對性的放射治療，在根除腫瘤的同時，儘量減少對周圍健康組織的傷害。

Radiation oncology uses highly precise, high-energy x-rays to treat many different types of cancer.

放射腫瘤學使用高精度、高能量的 X 射線來治療多種不同類型的癌症。

Think of it as a specialized tool that destroys cancer cells while protecting the healthy parts of the body as much as possible.

把它想象成一種專門的工具，在摧毀癌細胞的同時儘可能保護身體的健康部位。

It's often one part of a larger cancer treatment plan working alongside surgery and chemotherapy.

它通常是與手術和化療同時進行的大型癌症治療計劃的一部分。

Radiation oncologists can practice in an academic, community, or hybrid setting.

放射腫瘤學家可以在學術、社區或混合環境中執業。

In academic settings, radiation oncologists balance their clinical duties with research, teaching residents and fellows, and attending conferences.

在學術環境中，放射腫瘤學家在臨床職責與研究、教授住院醫師和研究員以及參加會議之間取得平衡。

Although they do treat common cancers like prostate, breast, and lung, they often see rare or complex cases that have been referred to them from community practice settings.

雖然他們也治療前列腺癌、乳腺癌和肺癌等常見癌症，但他們經常接診從社區診所轉來的罕見或複雜病例。

Specialists in radiation oncology typically focus on one or two disease areas of the body.

放射腫瘤學專家通常專注於身體的一個或兩個疾病領域。

For example, there are many academic physicians who may only treat breast cancer or concentrate exclusively on lung cancer.

例如，有許多學術醫生可能只治療乳腺癌或只專注於肺癌。

Pediatric and central nervous system, or CNS, cases are often more heavily referred to academic or specialized centers, though this can vary by state and city depending on practice and referral patterns.

兒科和中樞神經系統（或 CNS）病例通常更多地轉診到學術或專科中心，但各州和城市的情況可能有所不同，這取決於實踐和轉診模式。

Academic physicians often have more varied schedules due to the research and teaching time that is involved, which makes the academic path demanding.

由於涉及到研究和教學時間，學術醫生的日程安排往往更加多變，這使得學術道路要求更高。

Despite this, the compensation is typically lower than in community or private practice settings, though for many, this is offset by the prestige and research opportunities.

儘管如此，其薪酬通常低於社區或私人執業機構，但對許多人來說，聲望和研究機會抵消了這一差距。

In community practice, radiation oncologists focus mainly on clinical care with an emphasis on efficient, direct, and high-quality patient care.

在社區實踐中，放射腫瘤學家主要專注於臨床護理，強調高效、直接和高質量的病人護理。

Their patient population is broader and often skews more toward common cancers like prostate, breast, and lung.

他們的病人群體更廣泛，通常更偏向於前列腺癌、乳腺癌和肺癌等常見癌症。

Community physicians enjoy more predictable schedules and have a heavier clinical focus with direct patient care, though on-call duties still apply, and emergencies like spinal cord compression may still arise.

社區醫生的日程安排更有可預測性，他們更注重臨床工作，直接為病人提供護理，但仍有值班任務，也可能出現脊髓壓迫等緊急情況。

While their schedules are more routine, they can have long clinical hours, typically with little to no teaching or research involved.

雖然他們的日程安排比較常規，但臨床時間可能很長，通常幾乎不涉及教學或研究。

Community practice requires efficiency and adaptability due to a broader case mix, a predominantly clinical focus, and, for some physicians, additional duties as a partner in a private practice setting.

社區執業需要更高的效率和適應能力，因為病例組合更廣泛，主要以臨床為主，對一些醫生來說，還需要承擔作為私人診所合夥人的額外職責。

Compensation is usually higher than academic practice on average.

薪酬通常高於學術界的平均水平。

Hybrid practice offers a balance between academic prestige and community-oriented care.

混合實踐在學術聲望和以社區為導向的護理之間取得了平衡。

Physicians blend clinical care with limited academic or research responsibilities, and compensation typically falls between academic and community levels.

醫生兼顧臨床護理和有限的學術或研究職責，薪酬通常介於學術和社區水準之間。

Hybrid physicians can still experience moderate variability but benefit from a fairly regular clinic schedule.

混合型醫生仍會經歷適度的變化，但可從相當規律的門診時間安排中獲益。

Radiation oncologists treat a wide range of cancers, from head and neck to breast to prostate to CNS to lung to gastrointestinal to pediatric and more.

放射腫瘤學家治療的癌症種類繁多，從頭頸部癌症、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、中樞神經系統癌症、肺癌、胃腸道癌症到兒科癌症等等。

Prostate and breast cancer are two of the most common cancer types, which means they're more protocol-driven and have standardized treatment paths.

前列腺癌和乳腺癌是兩種最常見的癌症類型，這意味著它們更受方案驅動，有標準化的治療路徑。

CNS and pediatric oncology tend to be more subspecialized and require multidisciplinary approaches and frequent imaging.

中樞神經系統腫瘤學和兒科腫瘤學往往更加亞專業化，需要多學科方法和頻繁的影像學檢查。

Gynecologic and head and neck cancers often involve more complex planning due to nearby critical structures.

婦科癌症和頭頸部癌症由於鄰近重要結構，往往需要更復雜的規劃。

These cancers also require significant management of side effects and symptoms due to the sensitive areas involved, needing a multidisciplinary team of therapists, nurses, nutritionists, counselors, and physicians.

由於涉及敏感部位，這些癌症還需要對副作用和症狀進行嚴格管理，是以需要一個由治療師、護士、營養師、心理諮詢師和醫生組成的多學科團隊。

There are two treatment approaches radiation oncologists take — curative treatment and palliative treatment.

放射腫瘤學家採取兩種治療方法--治癒性治療和姑息性治療。

Curative treatment involves a structured treatment regimen with higher doses of radiation, often over several weeks, with the goal of eradicating cancer while sparing healthy tissue.

根治性治療包括一種結構化的治療方案，通常在數週內使用較大劑量的放射線，目的是根除癌症，同時保護健康組織。

This requires detailed treatment planning, close collaboration with medical physicists, and regular imaging to ensure precision.

這需要詳細的治療規劃、與醫學物理學家的密切合作以及定期的成像檢查，以確保治療的精確性。

The patient population includes younger or healthier patients who are candidates for definitive therapy.

患者群體包括年齡較輕或健康狀況較好的患者，他們都是最終治療的候選者。

Curative treatments tend to involve more follow-up care to monitor for recurrence or long-term side effects.

治療性療法往往需要更多的後續護理，以監測復發或長期副作用。

Palliative treatment involves shorter treatment regimens focused on symptom relief rather than long-term survival.

姑息治療涉及較短的治療方案，重點是緩解症狀，而不是長期生存。

Candidates for palliative treatment are patients with multiple myeloma, cancers causing symptomatic pain in multiple areas of the body, late-stage cancer patients, and those with very poor performance status or those with metastatic disease.

多發性骨髓瘤患者、身體多個部位出現症狀性疼痛的癌症患者、晚期癌症患者、治療效果極差或患有轉移性疾病的患者都適合接受姑息治療。

Palliative treatment generally involves less intense planning but more emotional challenges since the patients are terminally ill.

姑息治療一般涉及的計劃強度較小，但由於病人身患絕症，是以面臨的情感挑戰較多。

Radiation oncologists use a number of technology-based approaches to treatment.

放射腫瘤專家採用多種技術方法進行治療。

There's external beam radiation, or EBRT, which involves techniques like intensity modulated radiation therapy, or IMRT, and proton therapy, which require advanced equipment and multidisciplinary teams.

有體外放射治療（EBRT），其中涉及強度調製放射治療（IMRT）和質子治療等技術，需要先進的設備和多學科團隊。

These are more technically demanding and require careful coordination with dosimetrists and physicists.

這些技術要求較高，需要與劑量測定專家和物理學家仔細協調。

They're used to treat cancers in difficult to access areas, like head and neck and CNS.

它們用於治療頭頸部和中樞神經系統等難以進入部位的癌症。

There is also internal radiation, also known as brachytherapy, which involves implanting radioactive materials near the tumor site.

還有一種內放射，也稱為近距離放射，是在腫瘤部位附近植入放射性物質。

This requires procedural skills and can be time intensive.

這需要一定的程序技能，而且會耗費大量時間。

It's most often used to treat prostate and cervical cancer, though intraoperative brachytherapy is an option for some other disease types.

它最常用於治療前列腺癌和宮頸癌，不過術中近距離放射治療也可用於治療其他一些類型的疾病。

Brachytherapy may involve more after-hours care due to an increased risk of bleeding and infection.

由於出血和感染的風險增加，近距離放射治療可能需要更多的下班後護理。

Now let's clear up some major misconceptions about radiation oncology.

現在，讓我們來澄清一些關於放射腫瘤學的重大誤解。

First off, many people believe it's all about technology, but this is far from the case.

首先，許多人認為這一切都與技術有關，但事實遠非如此。

While technology does play a critical role, patient care and decision making are equally as important.

儘管技術確實發揮著至關重要的作用，但病人護理和決策同樣重要。

Though rare, radiation oncology also treats benign conditions like trigeminal neuralgia and keloids.

儘管很少見，但放射腫瘤學也治療三叉神經痛和瘢痕疙瘩等良性疾病。

Finally, while many assume the profession is dangerous because physicians work with radiation, advanced techniques have made it safe and highly targeted for patients and healthcare workers.

最後，雖然很多人認為醫生的工作會接觸到輻射，是以這個職業是危險的，但先進的技術已經使輻射對病人和醫護人員變得安全和具有高度針對性。

Radiation oncologists are typically analytical thinkers who are detail-oriented and comfortable with technology.

放射腫瘤學家通常是分析型思維者，他們注重細節，對技術駕輕就熟。

They're often academically inclined and enjoy research, which also translates to more research experience.

他們往往有學術傾向，喜歡研究，這也會帶來更多的研究經驗。

To become a radiation oncologist, after 4 years of medical school, you'll participate in a 5 year residency.

要成為一名放射腫瘤學家，在完成 4 年的醫學院學業後，你將參加為期 5 年的住院醫師培訓。

There are no alternative pathways, which means you'll need to know early on that it's the ideal path for you.

沒有其他途徑可供選擇，這意味著你需要儘早知道這是你的理想之路。

In terms of residency competitiveness, radiation oncology is right in the middle of the pack, currently sitting between MedPeds and PM&R.

就住院醫師的競爭力而言，放射腫瘤學處於中間位置，目前介於醫學兒科和 PM&R 之間。

Our specialty, Competitiveness Index, factors in Step 2CK score, match rate, research items,

我們的專業競爭力指數（Competitiveness Index）包含步驟 2CK 分數、匹配率和研究項目等因素、

AOA 地位，以及美國國立衛生研究院（NIH）前 40 名的資助。

Our Step 2CK score is the most critical hard metric for applying to residency.

我們的第 2CK 步分數是申請住院醫生最關鍵的硬指標。

The average Step 2CK score for radiation oncology is 252, which is right in mid-range compared to other specialties.

放射腫瘤學的第 2CK 步平均分為 252 分，與其他專業相比處於中等水平。

The average number of research items for successful applicants is 15.9, which is on the higher end, with only the top 5 most competitive specialties having a higher average number of research items.

成功申請者的平均研究項目數為 15.9 項，屬於較高水平，只有競爭最激烈的前 5 個專業的平均研究項目數較高。

Year after year, radiation oncology continues to have a high number of research items for successful residency applicants.

年復一年，放射腫瘤學繼續為成功的住院醫師申請者提供大量研究項目。

If you're considering a career in radiation oncology, it's essential that you prioritize research as soon as possible to be a competitive applicant.

如果您正在考慮從事放射腫瘤學工作，那麼您必須儘快優先考慮研究工作，這樣才能成為有競爭力的申請者。

Most people find research slow, frustrating, and painful, and that's how I felt at first too.

大多數人都覺得研究工作緩慢、令人沮喪和痛苦，我起初也有這種感覺。

I can tell you from experience that it does get easier.

我可以告訴你，根據我的經驗，這確實會變得容易些。

As you expose yourself to research, put in the reps, and dive into the difficult tasks, you'll get more and more used to it, and you may even start enjoying it.

當你接觸研究、投入代表工作、潛心完成艱鉅任務時，你會越來越習慣，甚至開始享受其中。

Shortcut this tedious process using the proven systems outlined in the Med School Insiders

利用《醫學院內幕》中概述的行之有效的系統，縮短這一乏味的過程

Ultimate Research Course for pre-med and medical students.

為醫學預科生和醫科學生開設的終極研究課程。

The course includes advanced tactics you won't find anywhere else since we innovated them.

課程中包含的先進戰術是您在其他地方找不到的，因為這些戰術都是我們創新出來的。

It outlines the exact processes Dr. Shawn Anderson, Dr. Dipal Patel, and I used to each crank out more than 60 research items before graduating from medical school.

這本書概述了肖恩-安德森（Shawn Anderson）博士、迪帕-帕特爾（Dipal Patel）博士和我在醫學院畢業前各自完成 60 多個研究項目的具體過程。

By adopting these tactics, you'll also earn dozens of publications, boost your application, and do so in record time.

通過採用這些策略，您還將獲得幾十份出版品，提高您的申請成功率，並在最短的時間內完成。

Skip the painful learning curve, publish more, enjoy the process, and make a real impact on your radiation oncology application.

跳過痛苦的學習曲線，發表更多文章，享受過程，並對您的放射腫瘤應用產生真正的影響。

Get started now at MedSchoolInsiders.com forward slash research.

現在就開始在 MedSchoolInsiders.com 上進行斜線研究。

For a limited time, use code RADIATIONONCOLOGY for 20% off.

在有限的時間內，使用代碼 RADIATIONONCOLOGY 可享受 20% 折扣。

While many radiation oncologists practice as generalists, fellowships are becoming more common, particularly in academic centers.

雖然許多放射腫瘤學家都是全科醫生，但研究員職位卻越來越普遍，尤其是在學術中心。

Radiation oncologists can choose to further subspecialize with proton therapy.

放射腫瘤學家可以選擇質子療法來進一步細分專業。

This fellowship offers advanced training in particle therapy, which is effective against tumors that have not metastasized or tumors near critical areas like the brain, as well as for reducing the potential risk of secondary cancers from radiation therapy in pediatric cancer patients.

該研究金提供粒子療法方面的高級培訓，這種療法對未轉移的腫瘤或靠近大腦等重要部位的腫瘤有效，還能降低兒童癌症患者因放療而患繼發性癌症的潛在風險。

There is also brachytherapy, which involves placing radioactive implants like capsules, seeds, or wires directly into or near a tumor to damage the DNA of cancer cells while minimizing damage to nearby tissue.

還有近距離放射治療，即把放射性植入物如膠囊、種子或導線直接植入腫瘤或腫瘤附近，以破壞癌細胞的 DNA，同時儘量減少對附近組織的傷害。

Brachytherapy is commonly used to treat cancers of the eye, prostate, and cervix, though it can also treat cancers of the brain, rectum, breast, skin, and more.

近距離放射治療通常用於治療眼癌、前列腺癌和宮頸癌，也可用於治療腦癌、直腸癌、乳腺癌、皮膚癌等。

Pediatric radiation oncology is focused on treating childhood cancers, and head and neck oncology offers high specialization in complex cases.

小兒放射腫瘤學專注於治療兒童癌症，頭頸部腫瘤學則為複雜病例提供高度專業化的治療。

Physicians specializing in head and neck oncology will work closely with a clinical nurse specialist, dietician, and other healthcare providers in order to help manage symptoms for patients.

頭頸部腫瘤專科醫生將與臨床護士專家、營養師和其他醫療服務提供者密切合作，幫助患者控制症狀。

Each subspecialization is usually a year in length after the 5-year standard residency training in radiation oncology.

每個亞專科通常在放射腫瘤學 5 年標準住院醫師培訓之後再延長一年。

There's a lot to love about radiation oncology.

放射腫瘤學有很多值得熱愛的地方。

Radiation oncologists get to form meaningful, collaborative, and long-term relationships with an incredibly diverse patient population.

放射腫瘤學家可以與極其多樣化的病人群體建立有意義的長期合作關係。

They also get to participate in a field that's constantly evolving with new technology and treatments.

他們還可以參與到一個不斷髮展的領域中，學習新技術和新療法。

Radiation oncology is unique in that it balances direct patient care with technology and research.

放射腫瘤學的獨特之處在於，它兼顧了對病人的直接治療與技術和研究。

Radiation oncologists have a predictable schedule, with few emergencies and typically no overnight call.

放射腫瘤科醫生的工作時間是可預測的，很少有緊急情況，通常也不會通宵值班。

Most physicians work 40-50 hours a week, focusing mostly on prostate, breast, lung, and head and neck cancers in the community setting, but there is a lot of room for variety.

大多數醫生每週工作 40-50 小時，主要側重於社區環境中的前列腺癌、乳腺癌、肺癌和頭頸部癌症，但也有很大的多樣性空間。

Radiation oncology is the 6th highest paying of all medical specialties, with an average radiation oncologist earning nearly $570,000 a year.

放射腫瘤學是所有醫學專科中年薪第六高的專業，放射腫瘤學家的平均年薪接近 57 萬美元。

Of course, radiation oncology is not for everyone.

當然，放射腫瘤學並不適合所有人。

Treating terminally ill cancer patients and speaking regularly with their family members is undeniably emotionally taxing.

不可否認，治療癌症晚期患者並定期與他們的家人交談會給他們帶來很大的精神壓力。

In many cases, you'll have treated the patient for quite a while and developed a strong bond with them.

在很多情況下，您已經為病人治療了一段時間，並與他們建立了深厚的感情。

Over time, the compounding of these losses can lead to burnout.

隨著時間的推移，這些損失越積越多，就會導致職業倦怠。