Name: 美國國家航空航天局（NASA）為何競相重返月球 (Why NASA Is Racing Back To The Moon)
Uploaded: 2025-06-18T17:46:50.000Z
Duration: 10 min 9 s

55 years ago, humanity put the first man on the moon and now, half a century later, we're about to do it again.

55 年前，人類首次將人類送上月球，半個世紀後的今天，我們即將再次登月。

But this time, it's going to be way bigger and better.

但這一次，它將變得更大更好。

情態副詞

Are we actually about to start building a lunar base camp with a permanent presence on the moon?

我們真的要開始在月球上建立一個永久存在的月球大本營嗎？

And are humans really going the furthest we've ever gone into deep space in 2025?

人類真的要在 2025 年進入有史以來最遙遠的深空嗎？

The next 5 to 10 years are going to be wild.

Today's episode is sponsored by Columbia, who helped outfit the Nova C Lunar Lander with their OmniHeat Infinity fabric, made to handle the most extreme environments.

今天的節目由哥倫比亞公司贊助，該公司為 Nova C 月球著陸器提供了 OmniHeat Infinity 織物，這種織物可應對最極端的環境。

Tech that's been tested in space, but that's also available in tons of different products here on Earth.

在太空中測試過的技術，在地球上也有大量不同的產品。

I've always been super jealous of people in the 60s and 70s who got to experience the awe of going to space and the moon for the first time, all culminating in Neil Armstrong's famous line, That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.

我一直超級羨慕六七十年代的人，他們第一次體驗到了進入太空和月球的震撼，尼爾-阿姆斯特朗的名言 "這是人類的一小步，也是人類的一大步 "將這一切推向了高潮。

Sadly, ever since the final Apollo mission in 1972, there's been a hold on lunar exploration.

遺憾的是，自從 1972 年最後一次阿波羅任務之後，月球探索就被擱置了。

But in 2019, it was announced by NASA that humans would once again venture to the moon with a mission named Artemis, after the Greek goddess of the moon, Apollo's twin sister.

但在 2019 年，美國國家航空航天局（NASA）宣佈，人類將再次冒險登月，任務名為 "阿耳忒彌斯"（Artemis），取自希臘月亮女神、阿波羅的孿生姐妹。

Not only will Artemis have humans exploring the moon for scientific discoveries and technological advancements, but it will also focus on how to live and work on another world as we prepare to Mars one day.

阿耳特彌斯》不僅將讓人類探索月球以獲得科學發現和技術進步，而且還將關注如何在另一個世界生活和工作，為有朝一日登上火星做好準備。

And the first crewed mission is currently scheduled for 2025.

而首次載人飛行任務目前計劃於 2025 年進行。

I don't think we have to be jealous of the past anymore.

The program is currently seven planned and scheduled Artemis missions over the next 8 years or so, with missions 8 to 11 currently being proposed.

目前，該計劃在未來 8 年左右的時間裡計劃和安排了 7 次 "阿耳特彌斯 "飛行任務，其中第 8 至 11 次飛行任務正在擬議之中。

阿爾忒彌斯 1 號實際上已經發射。

It was an uncrewed mission designed to test the different deep space exploration systems.

這是一次非載人飛行任務，旨在測試不同的深空探測系統。

The main components are the Space Launch System, NASA's most powerful rocket ever, which will launch each mission from Earth into space, taking with it the Orion Capsule, which is designed to carry the crew beyond low Earth orbit.

其主要組成部分是太空發射系統，這是美國國家航空航天局有史以來最強大的火箭，它將把每次飛行任務從地球發射到太空，並攜帶獵戶座太空艙，該太空艙的設計目的是將乘員送入低地球軌道以外的地方。

The Orion Capsule is made up of a launch abort system, which separates the spacecraft from the rocket in the case of an emergency, the crew module, where astronauts will live and work, and the service module, which will fuel and propel Orion in space using solar power for and provide things like water and oxygen for the crew.

獵戶座太空艙由發射中止系統、乘員艙和服務艙組成，發射中止系統用於在緊急情況下將航天器與火箭分離，乘員艙是太空人生活和工作的地方，服務艙將利用太陽能為獵戶座提供燃料並推動其進入太空，同時為乘員提供水和氧氣等。

It was in November of 2022 that Orion first launched into space and did a successful flyby of the moon, returning back to Earth on December 11th, 2022.

2022 年 11 月，"獵戶座 "首次發射進入太空，併成功飛越月球，於 2022 年 12 月 11 日返回地球。

Artemis 2, which is currently scheduled for 2025, is similar, except it will launch with a crew that will also do a flyby of the moon, setting a record for the farthest humanity will have traveled beyond the far side of the moon, around 450,000 kilometers away.

目前計劃於 2025 年發射的 "阿耳特彌斯 2 號"（Artemis 2）也與之類似，只不過它將搭載一名太空人發射升空，太空人還將飛越月球，創下人類飛越月球遠側（約 45 萬公里）最遠距離的紀錄。

And then Artemis 3, currently scheduled for 2026, will see the first actual landing of humans onto the moon since the Apollo missions.

阿耳特彌斯 3 號目前計劃於 2026 年發射，屆時將見證自阿波羅任務以來人類首次真正登陸月球。

Two of the astronauts will be sent down for roughly a week at the South Pole of the moon, where they'll do science experiments and collect samples before rejoining their crew on Orion and heading back to Earth.

其中兩名太空人將被送往月球南極大約一週的時間，他們將在那裡進行科學實驗和採集樣本，然後與獵戶座上的機組人員會合，返回地球。

The South Pole region is significant because it's not only terrain unexplored by humans, but contains permanently shadowed regions rich in resources, including access to deposits of water ice.

南極地區之所以重要，是因為它不僅是人類尚未探索過的地形，而且還包含資源豐富的永久陰影區，包括水冰礦藏。

But what comes next is where it starts to feel like a bit of a science fiction novel, because the South Pole is where NASA plans to establish the Artemis base camp with the goal of long-term stays by astronauts.

但接下來的內容就開始讓人覺得有點像科幻小說了，因為美國國家航空航天局計劃在南極建立阿耳特彌斯大本營，目的是讓太空人長期停留。

But before we get to that, there's a lot of really cool developments that have taken place to get to this point.

不過，在此之前，我們已經取得了很多了不起的進展。

For example, when the Artemis 3 mission sends its crew to the moon, it will rendezvous with Starship HLS, a moon lander that is being developed by SpaceX to transfer astronauts from lunar orbit to the surface of the moon and back.

例如，當 "阿耳特彌斯3號 "任務將太空人送上月球時，它將與 "星際飛船HLS "會合。"星際飛船HLS "是SpaceX公司正在開發的月球著陸器，用於將太空人從月球軌道運送到月球表面，然後再返回。

And future landers and other technology will be made by other companies as well.

未來的著陸器和其他技術也將由其他公司製造。

Even earlier this year, NASA began working with organizations to send payloads or shipments to the moon.

甚至在今年早些時候，美國國家航空航天局還開始與一些組織合作，向月球發送有效載荷或貨物。

For example, the NovaSea lunar landers, developed by a company called Intuitive Machines, are bringing materials to the moon on behalf of NASA.

例如，由一家名為 Intuitive Machines 的公司開發的 NovaSea 月球著陸器正在代表美國國家航空航天局將材料運往月球。

This includes science instruments and tech designed to help with research and gathering information ahead of human arrival.

這包括科學儀器和技術，旨在幫助研究和在人類抵達之前收集資訊。

Their lunar lander, called Odysseus, became the first privately developed spacecraft to touch down on the moon and the first American spacecraft to do so in more than half a century.

他們的月球著陸器名為 "奧德修斯"（Odysseus），是第一個在月球著陸的私人開發的航天器，也是半個多世紀以來第一個在月球著陸的美國航天器。

Now you might be wondering why this lunar lander is outfitted with today's sponsor, Columbia, a clothing brand.

現在你可能想知道，為什麼這臺月球著陸器上會有今天的贊助商哥倫比亞公司（Columbia），一個服裝品牌。

And that's because Columbia's technology was used to help it understand the elements in space.

這是因為 "哥倫比亞 "號的技術被用來幫助它瞭解太空中的各種元素。

Ironically, the Omni-Heat-Infinity material inside Columbia's clothing was originally inspired by space blankets.

具有諷刺意味的是，哥倫比亞公司服裝內的 Omni-Heat-Infinity 材料最初的靈感來自太空毯。

And that's because they follow a similar principle.

這是因為它們遵循類似的原則。

Both the space blanket and Omni-Heat-Infinity are reflective surfaces.

太空毯和 Omni-Heat-Infinity 都是反射表面。

And it just so happens humans emit radiant heat in the form of invisible infrared radiation.

而人類恰好會以看不見的紅外線形式散發輻射熱。

Yes, when your body gives off heat, that's a form of radiation, but our eyes just designed to see that part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

是的，當你的身體散發熱量時，那就是一種輻射，但我們的眼睛只是為了看到電磁波譜的那一部分而設計的。

It's the radiation coming off your body in the infrared spectrum.

它是人體發出的紅外光譜輻射。

The idea behind Omni-Heat-Infinity is to reflect your own body heat back at you instead of simply letting it radiate away, keeping you warmer for longer, but with a super lightweight material.

Omni-Heat-Infinity 背後的理念是將人體自身的熱量反射回來，而不是簡單地讓熱量散發出去，從而讓您更長時間地保持溫暖，而且材料超級輕便。

In fact, if you put your hand over an Omni-Heat-Infinity material and film it with an infrared camera, you can actually see the reflection of your hand in the fabric.

事實上，如果將手放在 Omni-Heat-Infinity 材料上，用紅外相機拍攝，實際上可以看到織物上手部的反光。

This is because the heat is literally leaving your hand, hitting the jacket, and then bouncing back outwards.

這是因為熱量實際上是離開你的手，打在夾克上，然後向外反彈。

The gold dot pattern is mixed with other fabric to keep it breathable and flexible as you want moisture vapor to be able to escape so you don't get wet, all while maximizing on as much heat reflection as possible.

金色圓點圖案與其他織物混合在一起，以保持透氣性和柔韌性，因為你希望溼氣能夠排出，這樣你就不會被淋溼，同時還能最大限度地反射熱量。

Of course, it's also useful for something traveling through space to be extremely lightweight where every single pound matters and can impact fuel efficiency.

當然，對於在太空中旅行的東西來說，重量極輕也是非常有用的，因為每一磅都很重要，都會影響燃料效率。

Not to mention the temperatures in space can vary between minus 250 and plus 250 Fahrenheit.

更不用說太空中的溫度可能在零下 250 華氏度到正 250 華氏度之間變化。

So the Omni-Heat-Infinity went a long way in helping to keep the lunar lander insulated on its journey.

是以，Omni-Heat-Infinity 在幫助月球著陸器在旅途中保持隔熱方面發揮了很大作用。

And it's a really cool example of companies coming together to not only explore the universe, but expand on our understanding of science and technology.

這是一個非常酷的例子，說明各家公司不僅攜手探索宇宙，還拓展了我們對科學和技術的理解。

So a big thanks to Columbia for sponsoring today's video.

是以，非常感謝哥倫比亞公司贊助今天的視頻。

Now, sending landers to the moon and then putting humans there in the next few years isn't enough to tickle your fancy, perhaps I can tease you with a full moon colony?

現在，把登陸器送上月球，然後在未來幾年裡把人類送上月球，這還不足以勾起你的興趣，也許我可以用滿月殖民地來逗逗你？

Because the following Artemis missions will not only start to build a lunar space station known as Gateway, but will eventually start bringing materials to the surface of the moon to create a permanent presence in the 2030s.

因為接下來的 "阿爾忒彌斯 "任務不僅將開始建造一個名為 "網關 "的月球空間站，而且最終將開始向月球表面運送材料，以便在 2030 年代建立一個永久性的存在。

Gateway will be the world's first space station beyond low earth orbit.

網關將是世界上第一個超越低地球軌道的空間站。

It will cycle around the moon and help land astronauts, serve as a communication hub, science laboratory, and habitation module.

它將環繞月球一週，幫助太空人著陸，充當通信樞紐、科學實驗室和居住艙。

Piece by piece, it will be built in space, with each subsequent Artemis mission bringing new parts of it until it's finalized.

它將在太空中一塊一塊地建造，隨後的每次阿耳特彌斯任務都會帶來新的部分，直到最終完成。

And much like the current International Space Station orbiting earth, it will allow ships from other countries to dock and bring their own crews.

與目前環繞地球運行的國際空間站一樣，它將允許其他國家的船隻停靠，並帶來自己的船員。

Now, as I mentioned earlier, the South Pole is a significant base camp location for multiple reasons, including the presence of water, which might have hurt some of your ears up.

現在，正如我之前提到的，南極是一個重要的大本營地點，原因有很多，其中包括水的存在，這可能會傷害你們的一些耳朵。

Yes, while it's long been theorized there may be deposits of water on the confirmed and thought to be most plentiful in the dark craters on the lunar South Pole, which never see light.

是的，長期以來，人們一直推測月球上可能有水的沉積，並認為在月球南極的黑暗環形山中最多，因為這些環形山從未見過光。

This has been a big instigator for the new excitement around going to the moon.

這在很大程度上激發了人們對登月的新熱情。

The idea being that not only can water help crews survive longer, but can be mined and split into hydrogen and oxygen, which are big components of rocket propellant.

我們的想法是，水不僅可以幫助機組人員存活更長時間，還可以開採並分離成氫和氧，而氫和氧是火箭推進劑的主要成分。

And if we can make fuel on the moon, perhaps it can be a launching pad to explore further into space.

如果我們能在月球上製造燃料，也許它可以成為我們進一步探索太空的發射臺。

On top of this, there's the potential to mine rare earth metals and the isotope helium three, which is rare on earth, but plentiful on the moon and can theoretically be used to help power nuclear fusion reactors.

除此之外，還有可能開採稀土金屬和同位素氦三。氦三在地球上很稀有，但在月球上卻很豐富，理論上可以用來為核聚變反應堆提供動力。

So starting in the early 2030s, NASA will first bring a habitable mobility platform or lunar cruiser to the South Pole, which scientists can both explore and live in for up to 45 days, shortly followed by their foundational surface habitat, a larger and more permanent lunar outpost that astronauts will inhabit for months at a time.

是以，從 2030 年代初開始，NASA 將首先把一個可居住的移動平臺或月球巡洋艦帶到南極，科學家們可以在其中探索和居住長達 45 天，不久之後，他們將建造一個更大、更永久的月球前哨站，太空人將在其中居住數月。

It'll be a three story structure with an airlock system, geology lab, and other workspaces on the first floor, while the upper floors will be made of an inflatable habitat and dedicated to crew health and hygiene.

它將是一個三層結構的建築，一樓是氣閘系統、地質實驗室和其他工作空間，上層將由一個充氣棲息地組成，專門用於船員的健康和衛生。

After many logistics missions, the long term goal is to slowly increase how long astronauts can stay on the surface.

在多次後勤任務之後，長期目標是慢慢增加太空人在地表停留的時間。

Starting at six and a half days with Artemis 3, missions will eventually stretch out to year long crews that will rotate in and out, keeping a permanent presence on the moon.

從阿耳特彌斯 3 號的六天半開始，飛行任務最終將延長至一年，機組人員將輪流進出，在月球上保持永久存在。

Plans are even in place to 3D print structures using materials already available on the moon, like lunar regolith or moon soil, by melting it into a cement like material with an automated robot to create moon buildings.

我們甚至計劃利用月球上已有的材料（如月球碎石或月壤）進行 3D 打印，通過自動機器人將其熔化成類似水泥的材料，從而建造月球建築。

And while the current budgeted and planned missions will only see the beginning stages of this moon base, we may soon have a lunar colony that's not only for exploration, resource extraction, and science research, but a jumping point for crewed missions to Mars and beyond.

雖然目前的預算和計劃任務只能看到這個月球基地的起步階段，但我們可能很快就會擁有一個月球殖民地，它不僅用於探索、資源開採和科學研究，還是前往火星及其他地方的載人任務的跳板。

There's so much we don't understand about having humans in space for extended periods of time and being able to survive or be self sufficient so far away.

關於人類在太空中的長期生存和自給自足，我們還有很多不明白的地方。

The Artemis missions will help us get much closer than ever before to moving beyond our home into the greater universe.

阿耳特彌斯任務將幫助我們比以往任何時候都更接近於走出我們的家園，進入更廣闊的宇宙。

Yes, these are some lofty goals for the 2030s and timelines may change based on budgets and unforeseen circumstances, but the very fact that we're about to see humans on the moon again and see the beginnings of a lunar village materialize is just unbelievable to me.

是的，這些都是 2030 年代的崇高目標，時間表可能會根據預算和不可預見的情況發生變化，但我們即將再次看到人類登上月球，看到月球村的雛形變成現實，這對我來說簡直難以置信。

The space age feels like it's back and it will hopefully inspire a generation of humans to be more engaged and excited about science and space exploration.

太空時代彷彿又回來了，希望它能激發一代人對科學和太空探索的興趣和熱情。

I want to send another big thanks to Columbia for sponsoring today's video.

我要再次衷心感謝哥倫比亞公司贊助今天的視頻。

You can check the link in our description if you want to shop OmniHeat Infinity products.

如果您想購買 OmniHeat Infinity 產品，可以查看我們說明中的鏈接。

They're not only supporting scientific research and space exploration, but education here on Earth, allowing channels like us to keep doing what we're doing, so we're super grateful for that.

他們不僅支持科學研究和太空探索，還支持地球上的教育，讓我們這樣的管道能夠繼續做我們正在做的事情，所以我們對此非常感激。

Make sure you like the video, subscribe, and we'll see you ASAP for some more science.

請確保您喜歡這段視頻並訂閱，我們將盡快為您提供更多科學資訊。