Name: 初學者如何製作 Android 應用程序 (How to Make an Android App for Beginners)
Uploaded: 2025-05-22T07:50:07.000Z
Duration: 19 min 18 s

分詞構句

Android development can be a great way to turn your idea into reality or start a promising career as an app developer, and getting started is probably easier than you think.

安卓開發是將想法變為現實的絕佳途徑，也是作為應用程序開發人員開始前途無量的職業生涯的絕佳途徑，而且入門可能比你想象的要容易得多。

基礎被動語態

These days, Android development is done with a tool called Android Studio.

如今，Android 開發是通過一種名為 Android Studio 的工具完成的。

Android Studio is kind of like the Microsoft word for writing Android apps.

Android Studio 有點像編寫 Android 應用程序的 Microsoft word。

It helps organize our projects and gives us a user-friendly way to create what we're looking for.

它有助於組織我們的項目，併為我們提供了一種用戶友好的方式來創建我們正在尋找的內容。

In this video, we'll walk through installing Android Studio and then make an app.

在本視頻中，我們將逐步安裝 Android Studio，然後製作一個應用程序。

Don't worry if you don't have any experience with Android or even programming in general.

如果你沒有任何 Android 或編程方面的經驗，也不用擔心。

As long as you follow along, we'll all end up at the same place.

只要你跟著我走，我們最終都會到達同一個地方。

Now we'll download Android Studio in just a second, but first, let's look at what we'll be making.

現在，我們馬上就下載 Android Studio，但首先，讓我們來看看我們要做什麼。

These days, there are too many choices of everything.

So to help us choose between a bunch of options, we'll make an app that lets us specify how many options there are and then selects one at random when we click a button.

是以，為了幫助我們在眾多選項中做出選擇，我們將製作一個應用程序，讓我們指定有多少個選項，然後在點擊按鈕時隨機選擇一個。

Now that we know where we'd like to end up, let's start by downloading Android Studio.

既然我們已經知道了目的地，那就從下載 Android Studio 開始吧。

Click the link below to go to the Android developer website, and then click the download button.

點擊下面的鏈接進入 Android 開發者網站，然後點擊下載按鈕。

Accept the terms and conditions, and then download Android Studio.

接受條款和條件，然後下載 Android Studio。

Once it's downloaded, follow these steps to install Android Studio.

下載完成後，請按照以下步驟安裝 Android Studio。

Drag it into the Applications folder, and then launch Android Studio.

將其拖入 "應用程序 "文件夾，然後啟動 Android Studio。

Since you won't have any previous settings, you can choose Do Not Import Settings.

由於沒有以前的任何設置，您可以選擇 "不導入設置"。

Then click OK to complete the installation.

And now we're presented with the Android Studio setup wizard.

現在，我們看到了 Android Studio 設置嚮導。

On this first screen, we can just click Next.

在第一個螢幕上，我們只需點擊 "下一步"。

For the install type, let's pick Custom, and then click Next.

對於安裝類型，我們選擇 "自定義"，然後單擊 "下一步"。

現在，我們可以選擇用戶界面主題了。

And then, when we're selecting our SDK components, I already have the Android SDK installed on my computer, but you'll want to make sure this is checked, as well as the Intel Haxm performance box, and since I'll be running this on a virtual device, we'll want to include an Android virtual device as well.

然後，當我們選擇 SDK 組件時，我的電腦上已經安裝了 Android SDK，但你要確保選中它，還要選中英特爾 Haxm 性能框，因為我將在虛擬設備上運行此程序，所以我們還要選中 Android 虛擬設備。

This is just a version of Android that runs on our computer.

這只是在電腦上運行的安卓版本。

If you have your own Android device, you don't need to include this, but it's recommended if you're going to continue doing Android development.

如果你有自己的 Android 設備，就不需要加入這個功能，但如果你要繼續進行 Android 開發，建議你加入這個功能。

Then let's click Next, and we can accept the recommended choice here, and click Next again, and then Finish.

然後單擊 "下一步"，我們可以接受這裡的推薦選擇，再次單擊 "下一步"，然後單擊 "完成"。

Once you've downloaded all the components, you might need to type in your password to allow it to install Haxm.

下載完所有組件後，你可能需要輸入密碼才能安裝 Haxm。

Then let's click Finish, and now that we're running Android Studio, let's pick Start a new Android Studio project to get started.

然後點擊 "完成"，現在我們運行 Android Studio，選擇 "開始一個新的 Android Studio 項目 "開始工作。

First we'll need to specify our application name.

首先，我們需要指定應用程序名稱。

Then for the company domain, you would put the web address of your company.

然後在公司域名中輸入公司的網址。

So for me, this will be teamtreehouse.com, though really, as long as you're not publishing the app to the Play Store, this can be whatever you want.

是以，對我來說，這將是 teamtreehouse.com，但實際上，只要你不在 Play Store 發佈應用程序，這可以是你想要的任何東西。

Lastly, Android used to be written entirely in Java, but recently we've been given the freedom to use Kotlin, which I think is a big improvement over Java.

最後，Android 曾經完全使用 Java 編寫，但最近我們可以自由使用 Kotlin，我認為它比 Java 有了很大的改進。

Let's check the Include Kotlin Support box, and then click Next to continue.

選中 "包含 Kotlin 支持 "複選框，然後單擊 "下一步 "繼續。

Now I know you're probably ready to get started, but before we get on with the app, let's take a minute to talk about how an Android app comes together.

現在，我知道你可能已經準備好開始使用了，但在開始使用應用程序之前，讓我們花點時間來談談 Android 應用程序是如何整合在一起的。

The first piece of an app is the layout, which describes how the app should look.

應用程序的第一部分是佈局，它描述了應用程序的外觀。

In Android, layouts are created by combining different types of views.

在 Android 中，佈局是通過組合不同類型的視圖創建的。

At its most basic, a view is just a rectangular area on the screen, but there are views that contain text, views that act as buttons, and even views for holding other views.

最基本的視圖只是螢幕上的一個矩形區域，但也有包含文本的視圖、作為按鈕的視圖，甚至是用於容納其他視圖的視圖。

And by combining all these different types of views, we can make pretty much anything.

通過將所有這些不同類型的視圖結合起來，我們可以製作出幾乎任何東西。

The other piece of an app is the activity.

應用程序的另一個組成部分是活動。

You can think of the activity as the code behind a layout.

您可以將活動視為佈局背後的代碼。

It's where you tell your buttons what to do.

這是你告訴你的按鈕該怎麼做的地方。

Getting back to the code, it looks like we're looking at our activity.

回到代碼中，我們正在查看我們的活動。

It also looks like we've got an error, and it's suggesting a solution.

看起來我們還遇到了一個錯誤，它正在提出解決方案。

So I'll click that, accept the agreement, and click Next.

所以，我會點擊它，接受協議，然後點擊 "下一步"。

Now, I'll take a second to just make my screen a little easier to see.

現在，我要花一點時間讓我的螢幕更容易看清。

Okay, so Android apps have two parts, the layout and the activity.

好了，Android 應用程序有兩個部分，即佈局和活動。

And right now, we're inside the activity.

And if we look inside this onCreate function, we can see a line that says setContentView r.layout.activity.main.

如果我們查看一下 onCreate 函數，就會發現其中有一行寫著 setContentView r.layout.activity.main。

This is where our layout gets connected to our activity.

這就是我們的佈局與活動之間的聯繫。

As you might have guessed, this makes activity.main.xml our layout.

正如您可能已經猜到的，這將使 activity.main.xml 成為我們的佈局。

Let's click on it and see what we've got.

讓我們點擊它，看看有什麼發現。

And I'll click right here to hide this side section.

We can bring it back by clicking the Project pane.

我們可以通過點擊 "項目 "窗格將其恢復。

On this screen, we can create our layout by dragging and dropping views.

在這個螢幕上，我們可以通過拖放視圖來創建佈局。

We can also delete views by selecting them and then hitting Backspace.

我們還可以通過選擇視圖然後點擊 Backspace 鍵來刪除視圖。

Let's get rid of this Hello World text view and then start adding some views of our own.

讓我們去掉這個 Hello World 文本視圖，然後開始添加一些我們自己的視圖。

So if we drag out a button, we'll get a button.

是以，如果我們拖出一個按鈕，就會得到一個按鈕。

Now one thing to call out is that we're putting these views inside of another view called a constraint layout.

有一點需要注意的是，我們將這些視圖放在另一個視圖（稱為約束佈局）中。

What's cool about a constraint layout is that it lets us position the views inside by using constraints, which let us chain views together and makes creating a layout super simple.

約束佈局最棒的地方在於，它可以讓我們使用約束來定位內部視圖，從而將視圖串聯起來，使創建佈局變得超級簡單。

Let's try using constraints with our button to make it look like it does in the mockups.

讓我們嘗試在按鈕上使用約束，使其看起來與模擬圖中的一樣。

To align it to the bottom, start by selecting the button, then click on the bottom white circle and drag it to the bottom of the screen to make the connection.

要將其對準底部，首先選擇按鈕，然後單擊底部的白色圓圈，將其拖動到螢幕底部以建立連接。

Notice that it doesn't quite make it to the bottom.

This is because our constraint contains an 8-pixel buffer.

這是因為我們的約束包含一個 8 像素緩衝區。

You can see the details about a view's constraints up here on the right.

您可以在右側查看視圖限制的詳細信息。

And if you want to change the buffer, you can type in the box or select a value.

如果要更改緩衝區，可以在框中鍵入或選擇一個值。

接下來，我們需要將按鈕居中。

To center something in a constraint layout, you just constrain it to both the left and right sides.

要在約束佈局中將某個內容居中，只需將其約束在左右兩側即可。

So let's drag the left side to the left and the right side to the right.

是以，讓我們把左邊拖到左邊，把右邊拖到右邊。

Also, you may have noticed that we have two screens here.

另外，你可能已經注意到，我們這裡有兩個螢幕。

The left one is showing us what the app will look like.

左圖向我們展示了應用程序的外觀。

And the right one is more of a blueprint view, showing us all the little details behind the app.

右圖更像是一個藍圖，向我們展示了應用程序背後的所有小細節。

You can toggle between showing the design, just the blueprint, or both by using this button up here.

你可以使用這個按鈕在顯示設計、只顯示藍圖或兩者之間切換。

So just to make things a little easier to see, for this screencast, I'll be using the design view.

是以，為了讓大家更容易理解，在本截屏演示中，我將使用設計視圖。

But keep in mind, if you want to see the blueprint view, it's always there.

但請記住，如果你想查看藍圖視圖，它一直都在。

Now to make our button, say, roll, we just need to update the text attribute over here on the right.

現在，要使按鈕滾動，我們只需更新右側的文本屬性。

是以，我們將刪除按鈕，然後鍵入滾動。

And let me make this just a little wider so it's easier to read.

請允許我把這個加寬一點，以便於閱讀。

The last thing we need to do with our button is make it wider.

我們需要做的最後一件事就是讓按鈕變得更寬。

To change the width of a view, you just update the layout width attribute.

要更改視圖的寬度，只需更新佈局寬度屬性即可。

Let's make it take up the full width of its constraints by changing this to match constraint.

讓我們將其改為匹配約束，使其佔據約束的全部寬度。

Then, to make this match the mockups, let's change the buffer for both the left and right constraints to 96.

然後，為了與模型相匹配，我們將左右約束的緩衝區都改為 96。

Now that we've got our button, let's add our selector.

現在我們有了按鈕，讓我們添加選擇器。

In Android, that type of view is called a seek bar.

在安卓系統中，這種視圖被稱為尋路條。

To find it, click on widgets and then drag out a seek bar to screen.

要找到它，請單擊小工具，然後拖出一個搜索欄到螢幕上。

Then let's constrain the bottom of the seek bar to the top of our button and the sides to the sides of the screen.

然後，讓我們將搜索欄的底部限制在按鈕的頂部，兩側限制在螢幕的兩側。

Let's also update the buffers for those constraints to be 32 for the sides and 24 for the bottom.

我們還要更新這些約束的緩衝區，使兩側的緩衝區為 32，底部的緩衝區為 24。

Finally, let's change the layout width to match constraint and we're good to go.

最後，將佈局寬度改為與約束相匹配，我們就可以開始了。

The next piece we need is a text view that says how many.

下一步，我們需要一個文本視圖來顯示數量。

Let's click on the text tab and drag out a text view.

讓我們點擊文本選項卡，拖出一個文本視圖。

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初學者如何製作 Android 應用程序 (How to Make an Android App for Beginners)

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