Name: 【國際時事】為什麼川普這麼喜歡「關稅」？ (Why Trump Really Loves Tariffs)
Uploaded: 2025-04-11T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 9 min 17 s

In the early hours of March 4, 2025, President Trump's trade war against Canada, Mexico, and China officially began.

2025 年 3 月 4 日凌晨，美國總統川普針對加拿大、墨西哥和中國的貿易戰正式打響。

副詞型分詞構句

Trump slapped 25% tariffs on Canada and Mexico while doubling tariffs on China from 10% to 20%.

川普對加拿大和墨西哥徵收 25% 的關稅，同時將對中國徵收的關稅從 10% 倍增到 20%。

This means any goods shipped from Canada to the U.S., including auto parts, lumber, steel, pharmaceuticals, wheat, pork, beef, and minerals, will cost U.S. importers 25% more.

這意味著任何從加拿大運往美國的商品，包括汽車零部件、木材、鋼材、藥品、小麥、豬肉、牛肉和礦產品，美國進口商的成本將增加 25%。

That cost will then be passed on to American consumers, resulting in higher prices.

這一成本將轉嫁給美國消費者，導致價格上漲。

For example, Honda manufactures 400,000 vehicles a year out of its Alliston, Ontario, plant in Canada.

例如，本田公司在加拿大安大略省阿利斯頓的工廠每年生產 40 萬輛汽車。

The Honda CR-V, which previously cost Americans around $35,000, is now subject to a 25% tariff, adding up to an additional $8,750, which could push the final price to $43,750.

本田 CR-V 以前在美國的售價約為 35,000 美元，現在被徵收 25% 的關稅，額外增加了 8,750 美元，最終售價可能達到 43,750 美元。

Just one day after the tariffs took effect, the Trump administration announced a one-month delay on tariffs for certain vehicles built in North America, but only for the big three automakers, GM, Ford, and Stellantis, the parent company of Chrysler.

就在關稅生效一天後，川普政府宣佈對北美生產的某些汽車延後一個月徵收關稅，但僅限於三大汽車製造商，即通用汽車、福特和克萊斯勒母公司斯太爾。

And then the next day, he appeared to soften the blow slightly, delaying tariffs for one month on all products from Mexico and Canada that fall under the free trade agreement, though around half of all imports from both countries still remain subject to tariffs.

第二天，他似乎略微緩和了這一打擊，將對來自墨西哥和加拿大的所有自由貿易協定產品徵收關稅的時間延後了一個月，但來自這兩個國家的約一半進口產品仍需繳納關稅。

Why is he knowingly making things more expensive for Americans?

他為什麼故意讓美國人花錢更多？

He says these tariffs are necessary to stop the flow of fentanyl across both the northern and southern borders.

他說，這些關稅對於阻止芬太尼在北部和南部邊境的流動是必要的。

The fentanyl coming through Canada is massive.

通過加拿大流入的芬太尼數量巨大。

The fentanyl coming through Mexico is massive.

通過墨西哥流入的芬太尼數量巨大。

U.S. border authorities seized 22,000 pounds of fentanyl in 2024.

美國邊境當局在 2024 年緝獲了 22,000 磅芬太尼。

From that total, only 43 pounds, 0.2%, came from the Canadian border. 21,000 pounds, making up 97%, were seized at the Mexican border.

其中，只有 43 磅（0.2%）來自加拿大邊境。墨西哥邊境緝獲了 21,000 磅，佔 97%。

Canada still launched a $1.3 billion border security initiative, which deployed additional personnel, drones, and other surveillance equipment, and also appointed a fentanyl czar to oversee the effort.

加拿大仍然發起了一項耗資 13 億美元的邊境安全倡議，部署了更多人員、無人機和其他監控設備，還任命了一位芬太尼問題顧問來監督這項工作。

For Mexico, Trump also stated the tariffs are meant to pressure the country into taking stronger action against illegal immigration.

對於墨西哥，川普還表示，徵收關稅是為了向該國施壓，迫使其採取更有力的行動打擊非法移民。

In response to the tariff threat, Mexico deployed 10,000 soldiers to the border.

為了應對關稅威脅，墨西哥在邊境部署了 10,000 名士兵。

Illegal border crossings have plummeted since Trump took office.

自川普上任以來，非法越境人數急劇下降。

In February, Trump announced U.S. Border Patrol apprehended 8,326 migrants, compared to 189,913 in February 2024 under the Biden administration.

今年 2 月，川普宣佈美國邊境巡邏隊逮捕了 8326 名移民，而拜登政府執政的 2024 年 2 月逮捕了 189913 名移民。

Illegal border crossings last month were by far the lowest ever recorded, ever.

上個月的非法越境人數是有史以來最低的。

Despite the decline in illegal crossings and the crackdown on drugs, the tariffs still went into effect.

儘管非法越境和打擊毒品的行動有所減少，但關稅依然生效。

川普自己也清楚地說明了原因。

He said on Truth Social, "If companies move to the United States, there are no tariffs."

他在 Truth Social 說：「如果公司遷往美國，就不會徵收關稅。」

A major reason behind Trump's tariffs is to incentivize businesses to move manufacturing and production back to the U.S., investing in American jobs, factories, and infrastructure.

川普徵收關稅的一個主要原因是激勵企業將製造和生產遷回美國，投資於美國的就業崗位、工廠和基礎設施。

Reuters reports Honda will now produce its next-generation Civic Hybrid in Indiana instead of Guanajuato, Mexico.

路透社報導稱，本田現在將在印第安納州而不是墨西哥瓜納華託生產下一代 Civic 油電車。

This, in theory, would strengthen the U.S. economy and reduce dependence on foreign countries, especially during global crises like COVID-19, which exposed weaknesses in global supply chains.

從理論上講，這將加強美國經濟，減少對外國的依賴，尤其是在 COVID-19 等全球危機期間，因為這些危機暴露了全球供應鏈的薄弱環節。

Trump has also repeatedly joked about Canada becoming the 51st state and has been calling Prime Minister Trudeau governor.

川普還多次開玩笑說加拿大將成為第 51 個州，並一直稱加拿大總理特魯多為州長。

Trudeau hasn't taken these comments lightly, hitting back against Trump's tariffs.

特魯多並沒有對這些言論掉以輕心，他對川普的關稅進行了回擊。

Canada will be implementing 25% tariffs against $155 billion worth of American goods.

加拿大將對價值 1550 億美元的美國商品徵收 25% 的關稅。

These retaliatory tariffs mean American goods will now be more expensive for Canadians, like toilet paper.

這些報復性關稅意味著美國商品現在對加拿大人來說將更加昂貴，比如衛生紙。

Canada imports 87% of its toilet paper from the U.S., as well as oranges, lettuce, berries, Doritos, Oreos, to name just a few.

加拿大 87% 的衛生紙從美國進口，橘子、萵苣、漿果、多力多滋、奧利奧等也是如此。

Although Trudeau, who has been incredibly unpopular in Canada, is on his way out the door, Canada's stance on the trade war isn't softening.

雖然特魯多在加拿大的不受歡迎程度令人難以置信，他即將結束任期，但加拿大對貿易戰的立場並沒有軟化。

Krista Freeland, a candidate for Canada's Liberal Party leadership and potentially the next prime minister, vows to target Tesla.

克里斯塔-弗裡蘭（Krista Freeland）是加拿大自由黨領袖候選人，有可能成為下一任總理，她發誓要將特斯拉作為目標。

An example of a measure that I will put in place as prime minister is 100% tariffs on Teslas.

舉例來說，我作為首相將採取的措施就是對特斯拉汽車徵收 100% 的關稅。

I think that should get some attention in the White House.

我認為這應該引起白宮的注意。

The CEO of Tesla, Elon Musk, has been a dominant force in Trump's second term.

特斯拉 CEO 伊隆-馬斯克是川普第二任期的主導力量。

Here in Canada, there's been a big push to buy Canadian.

在加拿大，人們一直在大力推動購買加拿大產品。

So Harvey's, which is a Canadian fast food chain, has started displaying the Canadian flag by their window.

加拿大快餐連鎖店 Harvey's 開始在櫥窗邊展示加拿大國旗。

I'm also here in a grocery store where products are being labeled made in Canada.

我還來到一家雜貨店，那裡的產品都被貼上了加拿大製造的標籤。

So this aisle used to be stocked with California wine, but instead it's been restocked with Canadian alcohol.

這個走道過去擺放的都是加州葡萄酒，但現在重新擺放的都是加拿大酒。

Doug Ford, the premier of Ontario, Canada's most populous province, threatened a 25% surcharge on Canadian electricity flowing to Michigan, New York, and Minnesota.

加拿大人口最多的安大略省省長道格-福特威脅要對流向密歇根、紐約和明尼蘇達州的加拿大電力征收 25% 的附加費。

If they want to try to annihilate Ontario, I will do everything, including cut off their energy, with a smile on my face.

如果他們想消滅安大略，我會面帶微笑地做任何事情，包括切斷他們的能源。

The problem for Canada and Mexico is that there is a huge trade imbalance.

加拿大和墨西哥面臨的問題是巨大的貿易不平衡。

Canada relies on the U.S. more than the U.S. relies on Canada. 76% of Canada's exports go to the U.S., making up nearly 18% of Canada's GDP.

加拿大對美國的依賴大於美國對加拿大的依賴。加拿大 76% 的出口產品銷往美國，佔加拿大國內生產總值的近 18%。

For Mexico, 78% of its total exports head to the U.S., accounting for roughly 30% of its GDP.

墨西哥出口總額的 78% 出口到美國，約佔其國內生產總值的 30%。

On the other hand, 17% of American exports go to Canada and 16% to Mexico, making up just 2% of the U.S. GDP in total.

另一方面，美國17%的出口銷往加拿大，16%銷往墨西哥，僅占美國GDP的2%。

In other words, tariffs will hurt Canada and Mexico more than the U.S.

換句話說，關稅對加拿大和墨西哥的傷害比對美國的傷害更大。

So what do these tariffs actually mean for inflation?

那麼，這些關稅對通貨膨脹究竟意味著什麼？

Defined as a sustained increase in the general price level across the economy over time.

定義為整個經濟的總體價格水平在一段時間內持續上升。

The initial price increase isn't inflation.

最初的價格上漲並不是通貨膨脹。

It's the immediate effect of a tax on imports.

Car tariffs also apply to auto parts like brakes, tires, and engines.

汽車關稅也適用於制動器、輪胎和發動機等汽車零部件。

But if the tariffs stay in place for a long time, it sets off a chain reaction.

但如果關稅長期存在，就會引發連鎖反應。

Repair costs go up as mechanics and auto shops raise their prices to cover these higher costs.

由於機械師和汽車修理廠會提高價格以支付這些高昂的費用，所以維修成本也會隨之上升。

If new cars are too expensive, more people turn to the used-car market, driving up demand and pushing used-car prices higher, too.

如果新車太貴，就會有更多人轉向二手車市場，從而推動需求上升，二手車價格也會隨之上漲。

And since people are holding onto their cars longer, they need more repairs and maintenance, which increases demand for mechanics.

由於人們對汽車的保有時間越來越長，所以需要更多的維修和保養，這就增加了對機械師的需求。

That makes mechanics more valuable, so they charge higher wages.

這使得技工更有價值，他們的薪水也更高。

If mechanics and autoworkers are earning more, other industries have to raise wages to compete, like construction workers or factory workers.

如果機械師和汽車工人的收入增加，其他行業（如建築工人或工廠工人）就必須提高工資來與之競爭。

Eventually, higher labour costs get passed down to consumers across multiple industries, which is when tariffs turn into real inflation.

最終，較高的勞動力成本會在多個行業轉嫁給消費者，這就是關稅轉化為實際通脹的時候。

The Federal Reserve plays a crucial role in managing inflation.

美聯儲在管理通膨方面發揮著至關重要的作用。

If tariffs lead to sustained price increases, the Fed might respond by raising interest rates, making borrowing more expensive, and cooling demand to curb inflation.

如果關稅導致價格持續上漲，美聯儲可能會通過提高利率、增加借貸成本、冷卻需求來抑制通膨。

Or President Trump could change his mind and eliminate tariffs, as he did in his first term, lifting tariffs on steel and aluminium after one year.

川普總統也可能改變主意，取消關稅，就像他在第一任期內所做的那樣，在一年後取消鋼鋁關稅。

This time around, though, the tariffs are far more extensive, impacting nearly every product.

不過，這次的關稅範圍更廣，幾乎影響到所有產品。

For Trump, tariffs aren't just about trade.

對川普來說，關稅不僅僅關乎貿易。

He believes the US hasn't been taken seriously on the global stage for a long time.

他認為，長期以來，美國在全球舞臺上一直不被重視。

The United States has been taken advantage of for 40 years.

The United States has been a laughingstock for years and years.

That's why this gentleman is built in Taiwan instead of building here.

這就是為什麼這位先生在臺灣建造工廠，而不是在這裡建造的原因。

It would have been better if he built here.

如果他在這裡建廠，情況會更好。

In President Trump's view, tariffs aren't just an economic tool.

在川普總統看來，關稅不僅僅是一種經濟手段。

They're a way to reassert American power.

這是重樹起美國國威的一種方式。

I believe that my life was saved that day in Butler for a very good reason.

我相信，那天在巴特勒救了我一命是有充分理由的。

I was saved by God to make America great again.

我被上帝拯救，是為了讓美國再次偉大。

Understanding the real impact of tariffs requires strong analytical skills, and that's where Brilliant comes in.

要了解關稅的實際影響，需要強大的分析能力，而這正是 Brilliant 的用武之地。

Brilliant's data science courses train you to identify trends and make informed decisions using real-world data.

Brilliant 的數據科學課程培訓你利用真實世界的數據識別趨勢並做出明智的決策。

You'll explore data visualizations, algorithms, regression models, and more, gaining skills that apply to economics, business, and beyond.

你將探索數據可視化、算法、迴歸模型等，獲得適用於經濟學、商業等領域的技能。

Brilliant's math courses are some of the most popular.

Brilliant 的數學課程是最受歡迎的課程之一。

Instead of passively watching lessons, you'll actively solve problems, helping you build a deep understanding of algebra, calculus, and vectors in a hands-on way.

你將不再是被動地觀看課程，而是積極地解決問題，以動手的方式幫助你深入理解代數、微積分和向量。

No matter what sparks your curiosity, math, science, programming, or AI, Brilliant has courses to match your interests.

無論你對數學、科學、寫程式還是人工智慧有怎樣的好奇心，Brilliant 都能提供符合你興趣的課程。

You can dive into programming and start building programs from day one using their intuitive drag-and-drop editor.

你可以深入編程並從第一天開始使用直覺的拖放編輯器建立程式。

If you're interested in AI, Brilliant's How Large Language Models Work breaks down how chatbots like ChatGPT generate human-like language.

如果你對人工智慧感興趣，Brilliant 的《大型語言模型是如何運作的》將為你詳細介紹 ChatGPT 等聊天機器人如何生成類似人類的語言。

The best part is you can try Brilliant for free for 30 days by signing up at brilliant.org slash Newsthink or scanning the QR code on your screen.

最重要的是，你可以登錄 brilliant.org slash Newsthink 或掃描螢幕上的 QR code，免費試用 Brilliant 30 天。

That's brilliant.org/Newsthink for a free 30-day trial, plus get 20% off an annual premium subscription.

你可以在 brilliant.org/Newsthink 免費試用 30 天，還可以享受年度高級訂閱八折優惠。