one. It's one of my favourites. Why? Because I love to eat. Actually, a long time ago,

是我的最愛之一。為什麼呢？因為我愛"吃"。事實上，很久以前

before I was a teacher, before I did any of that, I went to culinary school. "Culinary School"

在我做老師之前，在我做有關教師的任何事之前，我曾上過"烹飪學校"

-- I learned how to cook. I was going to be a chef. But then I worked at a restaurant,

我學會如何做菜。我曾經想要當個廚師。之後我在一個餐廳工作

actually I worked in a few restaurants and I decided: "Nope, I don't want to be a chef

事實上，我在數個餐廳工作過，後來我決定還是不當廚師了

anymore." But I still like to cook, I still love to eat. So some of my students were asking

但我仍然喜歡做菜，我仍然喜歡吃。所以有些學生就請教我

me for kitchen vocab, some culinary cooking vocab.

關於廚房的一些單字、一些烹飪的單字

First, let's start with this question: "What's cookin'?" Now, it could mean: "Ah, something

首先，我們從這個問題開始："What's cooking?" 它可以是指：「聞起來

smells good. What's cookin'?" Means what are you making, what dish are you making? But

香的食物。」"What's cooking?" 指你在做什麼(料理)？你在做什麼料理？但

sometimes, people will ask this as slang: "What's cookin?" means: "What's happening?

有時候人們會把"What's cooking？"當做俚語用，指「發生什麼事了？」

How are things? How are you?" Just so you know. A good idiom to recognize.

「最近如何？」「你好嗎？」只是讓你知道一下。這是一個值得認識的慣用語

So we're looking at kitchen vocab. When we're talking about cooking, we're talking about

現在我們要看有關廚房的單字，當我們在討論煮飯時，我們討論的就是

culinary arts. Okay? So you ever hear this expression: "culinary" means about cooking,

烹飪。恩？你曾經聽過這樣的表達方式："culinary"代表烹飪

about food. Now, before I get into these actions, some

代表食物。在我講到這些動作前

of these actions that you will use while you are cooking, it's a moral imperative that

這裡有些動作是你在做飯時會用到的詞，我有個使命感

I spend a minute about these two words. What does "moral imperative" mean? It means that

讓我必須花一分鐘來先解釋這兩個字. "moral imperative"是什麼意思？意思是

to be a good person, I must tell you something about these words. First: "a chef", a chef

如果我是個好人，我必須告訴你這些字代表什麼意義。首先，"a chef"一位廚師

is a person who studied cooking, went to school and studied, has worked in many restaurants,

是一個學習煮飯的人，不只到學校學習，也曾在很多餐廳工作過

and has practiced for a long time in his art, his cooking skills. This person - or her -, this

且在他的(烹飪)技巧、他的烹調技巧上花了很長時間磨練。這位先生 - 或女士

person probably has a diploma and is usually the boss of a kitchen in a restaurant somewhere.

此人也許有執照，而且通常是管理整個廚房的負責人

Now, "a cook" is a person who is just starting to cook or somebody who just makes food at

"a cook" 只是一個剛學習煮飯的人或是某個在家裡煮飯的人

home. Anybody can be a cook. So "cook" could be a noun, the person, or: "to cook", verb,

任何人都可以是"cook"。因此，cook可以是名詞，指一個人：或者"to cook"，動詞，指

to prepare dishes. Now, very, very, very important and I must stress this: "cook", the pronunciation

準備菜餚。現在，非常、非常、非常重要且我必須強調的："cook"，它的發音

of this word is very important. It's: "uh", "uh", "uhk". "Cook", okay? "Cook". Sounds

非常重要. 是"uh"、"uh"、"uhk"。"Cook" 了解嗎？"Cook" 聽起來

like, it rhymes with: "look" or: "took" or: "book". Okay? "Book", "took", "look", "cook".

像是和 "look"、"took"或"book" 押韻。懂嗎? "Book"、"took"、"look"、"cook"

It does not, not rhyme with: "rock" or: "sock" or: "lock". Okay? Not. So if somebody says

它並沒有、沒有和 "rock"、"sock"、"lock"押韻。懂嗎？不(押這個韻)。所以如果有人

to you: "Oh, I'm a good cock." Say: "I'm happy for you. Bye-bye." Okay? Because they're talking

對你說：「喔，我是一個good cock。」回答他：「我真為你感到高興。掰掰」因為他們在說

about something else completely. "Cook", be very careful about this word.

和煮飯完全無關的事。"Cook"講這個字時要非常小心

Okay, let's get started. Let's say you're on the internet, you want to look for some

好，我們開始吧。舉例來說，你正在上網找些新的

new dishes, you want to surprise your family with a nice new meal from a different country

菜單，你想做一個全新美味且來自不同國家的菜來給你家人驚喜

maybe. You get on the internet and you find a "recipe", recipe for a nice dish. But, you're

你上網且找到一份"食譜" 一份好吃菜餚的食譜。但是你

not sure about how to make it because you don't recognize some of these actions. "Pot",

不太確定如何煮這道菜，因為你不認得這些動作。"鍋子"

"pan", all of these things you can understand. My little stove here, and my little oven here,

"平底鍋"等，這些你都懂。這是我的小爐子和小烤箱

I'm sure you can understand. Let's look at the actions.

我確定你們看得懂。現在來看這些單字(動作)

"To saute", now this word actually comes from the French, but we use it in English as well.

"煎"這個字其實是從法文來的，但是我們現在也把它當作英文用

"To saute" means in a skillet or in a pan, to cook lightly. So you have your pan, your

"煎" 是指在一平底鍋或炒鍋慢慢煎。因此你有一個炒鍋，一個

flat pan, put a little bit of oil, put in your onions on the stove, and you saute, you

平底鍋，放一些油進去，然後把洋蔥放在爐子上，然後煎

flip, you cook it a little bit to a little bit brown, and then you put other things in

翻面，把它炒得有一點點咖啡色，之後就再放其他食材

it or you add it to other things. "Boil/simmer", these are very similar actions.

或是你將它加到其他食材裡。"滾 / 燉" 非常相似的兩個動作

"Boil", you put something in a pot, like something like this and high, full of water. You put

"滾" 就是你放食材進入鍋中，像這樣且周圍有高度的鍋，裝滿水。你將

the heat very, very high. So boiling is very high heat, big bubbles, and very fast moving.

火開到非常非常大。滾，代表非常高溫度、大泡泡且速度非常快

"Bluh, bluh, bluh, bluh, bluh." Right? Like very boiling, so the bubbles go very fast

「(滾水聲)」對吧？煮滾後，泡泡會冒得非常快

and very high. "Simmer" means lower heat, small bubbles moving slowly. Okay? So when

且非常高。"燉" 是指用較小的火、小泡泡且移動慢。懂嗎？所以

you're making a nice soup or a stew, first you get everything boiling, and then you reduce

當你在做一道好喝的湯或燉肉，一開始先將所有食材煮到沸騰後，你將火

the heat and let it simmer for like an hour; get all the flavours to blend together really

關小，讓它燉個一小時等等；將所有的味道都確實地鎖在食材裡

nicely. Then you have: "broil/roast". So "broil" and

接著是"烤"。"烤"：

"roast", we're using the oven. If you want to cook something like very quickly and get

我們用的是烤箱。如果我們要快速煮某樣食物且使

the top like very crispy, you broil. "Broil" means heat from the top, so the heat is going

表層非常酥脆，便是"烤"。"Broil(烤)" 代表熱從上方來，所以熱像這樣

like this on to the food. "Roast" means the heat is coming from the bottom and the sides,

跑到食物上。"Roast(烤)" 是指熱從下方和四周來

so it cooks the inside and takes a little bit longer. Okay.

所以它烤的是食物內餡且會花較久的時間。好

"Grill". "Grill", like for example: when you barbeque. When you're barbequing, you are

"Grill(烤)" 像是你在BBQ(烤肉)一樣。當你的BBQ時便是

grilling. You have the lines of the grill, you put your steak on it, then you flip it,

grill。你有一條條的烤架，放上肉排，然後翻面

etcetera. That's grilling, usually with fire, coals, lines.

等等。這就是grill(烤)，通常是用火、木炭、烤架

Next: you're preparing your... All your "ingredients". That's another good word. You're preparing

接著，你準備你的...你所有的"食材"。這是另一個值得學的單字

all your ingredients, all the things that will go into the dish.

所有的食材，所有會放到菜餚中的東西

So you have to "chop" or "dice". Now, if you're a chef, there's a difference between "chop"

接著你必須"切碎"或"切塊"。現在，如果你是大廚，這兩種便有差別

and "dice". If you're cooking at home, there's no difference. Like quickly cut, you take

如果你在家煮飯，便沒有差別。指快速地切，拿起

your knife, your cutting board and: "Ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch"

刀子和砧板然後切(切菜聲)成

into little pieces. The only difference between these two is the size that... Of the onion,

小塊小塊的。唯一不同的是你切的洋蔥的大小

let's say you're cutting onion into little pieces. "Chop", "dice".

假設你切的是洋蔥好了。"切碎"、"切塊"

"Slice". "Slice" means you're getting larger pieces. If you take your onion, you slice,

"切片"是指且成大片的。如果你在切洋蔥

you have a nice round piece of onion and then you put it on your hamburger. Very delicious.

那你便切出圓形狀的洋蔥，然後把它放在你的漢堡上。超美味

"Fry", anything that you do with oil, even sautéing is a type of frying because you're

"炒"是指任何和油有關的動作，煎也是炒的一種因為你

doing it with oil. "Deep-fry" means you cover it with oil. Regular "fry" means just oil

也有用油。"油炸"是指將食物放在油裡。一般的"炒"是指只有放一些油

both sides, away you go. "Stir", so when you're simmering something,

翻面炒。"攪" 指當你在燉某種食物時

don't forget once in a while to give it a stir. Otherwise, all the ingredients, all

別忘了過一陣子要攪一下。否則所有的食材，所有

the heavy ingredients will fall to the bottom and burn. Okay? Every once in a while stir,

較重的食材會沉到底部就燒焦了。懂嗎？每過一下子要攪拌一下

get everything rising up again; get all those flavours mixing. Okay?

讓所有東西再充分混合；讓所有味道再次混合。懂嗎？

So there. Now, I love to eat. I mean I... I'm sure I don't look maybe that big to you,

好。現在要談的是，我愛吃。我是指我....我確定我在螢幕裡看起來應該沒那麼胖

but I do love to eat. Please, send me a recommended dish. What is your favourite dish? Go to www.engvid.com.

但是我真的很愛吃。請告訴我你推薦的菜餚。你最喜歡吃的菜？請到www.engvid.com

First of all, you can practice these words with a quiz. Second, tell me: what is your

首先，你可以利用測驗來練習這些單字。第二，告訴我：你

favourite dish? What must I try to say that I have lived? I need to know your dish. Okay?

最喜歡的菜？有什麼菜是我沒吃過就白活的？我想要知道你最喜歡的菜。好嗎？

Also, make sure to go to YouTube, check my channel and subscribe to it. And come again,

當然，一定要去Youtube，看看我的頻道順便訂閱。記得再回來

visit us. Bye.

查看我們(的頻道)。掰