modernization

US /ˌmɑdɚnəˈzeʃən/

・

UK /ˌmɒdənaɪ'zeɪʃn/

A2 初級英檢高級

n. (u.)不可數名詞現代化

The modernization of schools includes shifting from writing by hand to using computers

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Sun Yat-sen - A Killing in Hong Kong - Extra History - #1（Sun Yat-sen - A Killing in Hong Kong - Extra History - #1）

11:16

Sun Yat-sen - A Killing in Hong Kong - Extra History - #1（Sun Yat-sen - A Killing in Hong Kong - Extra History - #1）

Imperial attempts at modernization inevitably failed,
不像他村中的私塾，在這裡他能學到整個世界的知識

為什麼臺灣東海岸基本上是空的 (Why Taiwan's East Coast Is Basically Empty)

15:12

為什麼臺灣東海岸基本上是空的 (Why Taiwan's East Coast Is Basically Empty)

It's not actually recognized as an independent state and this has a lot to do with how and why Taiwan was settled by China and One of the most important things to remember in this story is that the island has been home to indigenous peoples for thousands of years These people are not directly related to the Chinese In fact, they are Austronesian speaking groups who arrived along the same migration patterns as New Zealand, Polynesia Hawaii and Indonesia these indigenous groups developed distinct cultures and lived in scattered communities Primarily in the mountainous interior and along the coasts their presence remains a significant part of Taiwan's identity today Though they make up only about 2% of the population or about 600,000 people So in a way Taiwan is as much of a colonized country as many parts of the Western Hemisphere But let's get back to how modern Taiwan was established the earliest mentions of Taiwan interacting with China begin around the year 230 when military troops from the Eastern Wu Kingdom of China's Three kingdoms period landed on its shores though There is some debate on whether this was actually Taiwan that they landed on or not Various reports would include some mention of Taiwan albeit under different names for the next 1,400 years During the 1600s Taiwan became a contested territory the Dutch established a colony in the south the Spanish briefly held territory in the north and Chinese settlers mostly from Fujian province Gradually moved on to the island the Dutch were eventually expelled by Koxinga a Ming loyalist who used Taiwan as a base of resistance against the Qing Dynasty however his rule was short-lived as Qing forces took control of Taiwan in 1683 and Incorporated it into their Empire for over two centuries Taiwan remained under Qing rule though its position on the Empire's periphery meant it was often overlooked this changed in 1895 when the Qing were forced to cede Taiwan to Japan after their defeat in the first Sino-Japanese war the Japanese brought Modernization to the island building infrastructure railways and industry while also implementing strict colonial rule Though resistance existed Japan's influence reshaped Taiwan leaving a legacy that persists in aspects of its architecture education and economy after Japan's defeat in World War two Taiwan was handed back to China in 1945 and this proved to be very lucky for the Taiwan that exists today While remaining as a backwater through much of China's history Taiwan would eventually occupy a prominent place in the Chinese Civil War which had begun in the late 1920s The Nationalist Republic of China government under Chiang Kai-shek fought against the communist forces led by Mao Zedong despite initial advantages the Nationalists suffered a series of devastating defeats due to poor leadership corruption and dwindling public support by 1949 the communists had gained control of mainland China Forcing the Nationalist government to retreat to Taiwan Chiang Kai-shek and his followers established their base on the island bringing with them millions of refugees military forces and much of China's cultural and financial wealth at the time though the Nationalist government continued to claim sovereignty over all of China its control was Effectively limited to Taiwan and a few offshore islands It was during this period that saw much of the Western world namely the United States Canada and Western Europe aligned with Taiwan and recognized it as a country leaving mainland China as a global outsider however between 1950 and 1971 this recognition gradually eroded as Western countries sought to recognize mainland China as the sole China in order to establish trade with the much larger economic base and Because mainland China still claimed ownership of Taiwan it mandated that no country could recognize Taiwan as an independent country Despite the fact that it is independent for all intents and purposes This isolated Taiwan from global diplomacy, but not from global trade despite its diplomatic isolation Taiwan's economy surged in the late 1900s transforming from an agrarian society into a global industrial and technological powerhouse Democratic reforms began in the late 1980s culminating in the first direct presidential election in 1996 since then Taiwan has functioned as a democratic society distinct from mainland China Despite Beijing's continued claims over the island which leads us to today's population divide Hey, sorry for the interruption.
實際上，臺灣並不被承認為一個獨立的國家，這與中國和印度尼西亞如何以及為何在臺灣定居有很大關係。在這個故事中，最重要的一點是，數千年來，臺灣一直是原住民的家園、這些原住民發展出獨特的文化，分散居住在內陸山區和沿海地區，他們的存在至今仍是臺灣身份的重要組成部分、但讓我們回到現代臺灣是如何建立起來的。最早提到臺灣與中國的互動始於 230 年左右，當時來自中國三國時期東吳王國的軍隊在臺灣海岸登陸，但關於他們登陸的是否真的是臺灣還存在一些爭議、在 1600 年代，臺灣成為一塊有爭議的領土，荷蘭人在南部建立了殖民地，

中國共產黨的經濟遺產｜CNBC解讀 (The Chinese Communist Party’s economic legacy | CNBC Explains)

11:09

中國共產黨的經濟遺產｜CNBC解讀 (The Chinese Communist Party’s economic legacy | CNBC Explains)

This liberalization coincided with a program to advance China's economy, called the Four Modernization Plan.
這種自由化與推進中國經濟的計劃相吻合，稱為四個現代化計劃。
The Four Modernization Plan, you can still see tenets of that today because you have
四個現代化計劃，你今天仍然可以看到其中的宗旨，因為你有

日本中部地區的綠茶和和服 | 非主流路線第二部分 | japan-guide.com (Green Tea & Kimono in Central Japan | Off The Beaten Track Part 2 | japan-guide.com)

10:55

日本中部地區的綠茶和和服 | 非主流路線第二部分 | japan-guide.com (Green Tea & Kimono in Central Japan | Off The Beaten Track Part 2 | japan-guide.com)

The period marked the end of feudalism and centuries of international isolation and is characterized by Japan's rapid modernization and westernization.
這一時期標誌著封建主義和幾個世紀的國際孤立的結束，其特點是日本的快速現代化和西方化。

美國與伊朗如何成為宿敵 (How The US & Iran Became Arch-Enemies)

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美國與伊朗如何成為宿敵 (How The US & Iran Became Arch-Enemies)

He continued friendly relations with both America and Israel, despite nearly none of the rest of the Islamic world even recognizing Israel, while he carried out a domestic policy of modernization, secularism, and the enfranchisement of women.
他繼續與美國和以色列保持友好關係，儘管伊斯蘭世界的其他國家幾乎都不承認以色列，同時他在國內推行現代化、世俗主義和賦予婦女權利的政策。

【TaiwanPlus News】川普就「臺灣防務」議題上發表的言論引發爭議 (Donald Trump and Taiwan's Defense ｜TaiwanPlus News)

04:45

【TaiwanPlus News】川普就「臺灣防務」議題上發表的言論引發爭議 (Donald Trump and Taiwan's Defense ｜TaiwanPlus News)

And that is a statement about the fact that China has gone full on in its military modernization.
這說明中國已經全面推進軍事現代化。

你是開左駕車還是右駕車呢？全世界為何不統一左駕或右駕（Why Do We Drive On The Right? | WheelHouse | Donut Media）

05:59

你是開左駕車還是右駕車呢？全世界為何不統一左駕或右駕（Why Do We Drive On The Right? | WheelHouse | Donut Media）

It was during this period of modernization that they made it official: Japan would drive on the left.
而就是在這段進行現代化的時期，他們正式立法：在日本的道路上得靠左行駛。

你從未聽說過的最瘋狂武器 (The Most Insane Weapon You Never Heard About)

13:56

你從未聽說過的最瘋狂武器 (The Most Insane Weapon You Never Heard About)

The US is on track to spend a trillion dollars on nuclear modernization programs, while China is expanding its arsenal and might have more than 1,000 nuclear weapons ready to be deployed by 2030.
美國將斥資一萬億美元用於核現代化計劃，而中國正在擴充其核武庫，到 2030 年，可能會有超過 1000 件核武器可供部署。

BBC專訪：蔡英文即將卸任回顧執政八年成就及挑戰 - BBC News 中文 (BBC專訪：蔡英文即將卸任回顧執政八年成就及挑戰－ BBC News 中文)

23:02

BBC專訪：蔡英文即將卸任回顧執政八年成就及挑戰 - BBC News 中文 (BBC專訪：蔡英文即將卸任回顧執政八年成就及挑戰－ BBC News 中文)

Its military modernization is extraordinary.
其軍事現代化程度非同一般。

美國人如何受騙購買假食品 (How Americans Are Tricked Into Buying Fake Food)

12:55

美國人如何受騙購買假食品 (How Americans Are Tricked Into Buying Fake Food)

Since then, laws have hit the books to further food safety protocols, like the Food Safety Modernization Act signed into law in 2011.
從那時起，有關食品安全的法律不斷出臺，如 2011 年簽署生效的《食品安全現代化法案》（Food Safety Modernization Act）。