Over the past few years, they have become as regular in America and just like Star Wars movies, people have starting paying less and less attention.

過去幾年來，在美國出現得就像星際大戰電影一樣頻繁，人們對槍擊案的關注度也像對那些電影的一樣越來越低。

But this weekend, something happened.

但這個週末，大事發生了。

The nation mourns the victims of two shooting massacres just 13 hours apart.

全美國都替這兩起只相隔 13 小時的大屠殺的受害者哀悼。

The massacres in El Paso, Texas, and Dayton, Ohio, happened in startling proximity for a country already too familiar with gun violence.

對於美國這個槍械暴力頻傳的國家而言，在德州厄爾巴索市和俄亥俄州代頓市的大屠殺接連發生還是十分令人驚恐。

29 people were killed in the two shooting rampages just 13 hours apart.

29 人在這兩起僅僅相隔 13 小時的槍擊暴亂中喪命。

Yes. In the span of two days, 13 hours, in fact, 84 people were shot, and currently, 31 people have been killed in two deadly mass shootings.

是的，在短短兩天，其實是 13 小時間的兩起致命大規模槍擊案中，84 人中槍，而到現在 31 人已喪命。

And, like, even though most of America has gotten used to dealing with mass shootings, having them happen back-to-back has forced people to take notice.

就算大部分美國人已經習慣面對大規模槍殺事件了，但兩起事件連續發生還是大大引起了人們關注。

In fact, this weekend's tragedies garnered so much attention that President Trump couldn't respond with his usual "sad" tweet.

事實上，這周末發生的兩起悲劇引來大量關注，甚至讓總統川普不能用他慣常的推特推文「真傷心。」來回應。

Instead, he had to come out and give a formal address to the nation this morning where he condemned white supremacy and domestic terrorism.

取而代之的是，他必須出面對全國發表正式演說，並譴責白人至上主義及國內恐怖主義。

Unfortunately, he also offered condolences to the people of Toledo, which is not one of the cities that had a mass shooting.

不幸地，他也向托利多市市民致哀，雖然槍擊事件並不是發生在那座城市。

So that was basically the mass shooting equivalent of saying the wrong person's name in bed.

這基本上就跟在床上恩愛時叫錯名字一樣尷尬。

But these two tragedies didn't happen in a vacuum.

但是這兩起悲劇並不是憑空發生的。

They're part of a rise in mass shootings in recent years.

他們屬於近年來大規模槍擊案日漸增多趨勢的一環。

And now news anchors, pundits, politicians alike, they're all trying to figure out the root cause of what has become a national epidemic.

而現在新聞主播、學者、政客都正試著找出槍擊案蔓延全國的根本原因。

And they've been pinning the blame on a lot of different things, starting with the Internet.

他們將矛頭指向很多不同東西，首先是網際網路。

And on the controversial website 8chan, extremists seem to have found a home.

在 8chan 這個極具爭議的網站上，極端份子似乎找到歸屬。

At least three mass shootings this year alone have been announced on the site.

今年為止發生的至少三起大規模槍擊事件都曾在這個網站上被預告過。

The dark corners of the Internet where these people breed hate and division...

這些人就在網路的陰暗角落醞釀仇恨與分歧。

The perils of the Internet and social media cannot be ignored and they will not be ignored.

網路和社群媒體的危險不能被忽視也不再會被忽視。

We must recognize that the Internet has provided a dangerous avenue to radicalize disturbed minds and perform demented acts.

我們必須意識到網際網路造就了一個危險管道，讓精神不正常的人們更加偏激並做出瘋狂、錯亂的行為。

Yes, many people, including the president, are saying that the Internet is to blame for radicalizing these domestic terrorists, because giving them a community and a platform is helping them share their ideas.

沒錯，包含總統在內的很多人都怪罪網路讓這些國內恐怖份子更偏激，因為提供他們社群和平台就是在幫助他們宣揚理念。

It's the same way the Internet has given a platform to people who eat laundry detergent, right.

這就跟網路提供吃洗衣精的人們一個平台一樣，對吧？

Yeah, back in the day, you could only share your feelings with the people at poison control.

以前你只能在毒藥管控互助會才能跟他人分享自己的感想。

Now you have a community.

而現在你有了一整個社群。

So now some people are saying we need to tighten regulation of the Internet.

所以現在有些人認為我們必需加嚴網路法規。

And I'll be honest with you, I'm all for it, yeah, especially after I got catfished last week.

老實說我非常贊同，尤其是在上星期被騙以後。

I thought I was talking to a lonely middle-aged man who needed my social security number, turns out it was some beautiful woman who wanted to date me.

我還以為我在跟一個需要我身分證字號的中年男子講話，結果竟然是某個想和我交往的漂亮女人。

What the hell?

什麼鬼？

I get what these people are saying, though.

不過我能理解那些人想表達什麼。

The Internet is a powerful tool that can be used to radicalize wannabe mass shooters, you know.

網路是個讓想發起大規模槍擊的人更偏激的強大工具。

Maybe that's why we don't have a mass shooting epidemic in Africa.

可能那就是為什麼我們非洲不會有槍擊蔓延的問題。

Our Internet is shit and the power keeps cutting.

非洲網路很爛而且常常斷電。

Yeah. Right now, there's some guy in Nigeria who's like...

此時此刻，就有一個奈及利亞的男人在說...

"I want to be radicalized but this Wi-Fi is so slow."

「我想要變得更偏激但 Wi-Fi 太慢了。」

"You are so lucky this video is buffering, eh?"

「你很幸運這支影片載得很慢，好嗎？」

"You are so lucky."

「你真的很幸運。」

"I'll just have to stick to sending e-mails."

「我只好繼續寫電子郵件了。」

"Dear sir, I have lots of money..."

「親愛的先生您好，我有很多錢...」

Now, while some people argue that this epidemic is being caused by the Internet, another argument is that it's something more precise.

現在有些人爭論槍擊的蔓延是由網路造成，另一個論點則怪罪更精確的原因。

Because everyone uses the Internet in America, but most of these shooters are young white men.

因為在美國的每個人都會使用網際網路，但大部分的兇手都是年輕的白人男子。

And what do young white men all have in common?

而年輕白人男子有什麼相同處？

Video games.

電玩遊戲。

The idea these video games dehumanize individuals to, uh, have a game of shooting individuals and others, I've always felt that is a problem for, uh, future generations and others.

這些電玩剝奪人性來進行槍擊其他人的遊戲的這個概念，我一直認為對未來時代的人們來說是個大問題。

First shooter games would desensitize folks to the violence.

第一人稱射擊遊戲會是玩家對暴力感到麻木。

When you see it through a screen and you don't relate to it in person, uh, it makes it seem like it's more accessible.

當你透過螢幕看見而非親自當面涉及槍殺，這讓槍殺看起來似乎更容易達成。

What's changed in this country?

在這個國家中什麼事物改變了？

We've always had guns, we've always had evil, but what's changed where we see this rash of shooting?

我們一直都有槍枝和邪惡，但在大規模槍擊案大量冒出以來有什麼東西變了？

And I, I see a, a video game industry that teaches young people to kill.

我認為是一個教導年輕人屠殺的電玩產業。

Okay. On the surface, that sounds like a pretty good argument.

好的，表面上看來，那是個很好的論點。

America has always had guns.

美國一直都有槍枝。

America has always had evil.

美國一直存有邪惡。

But mass shootings have only taken off over the past, what, 20 years?

但大規模槍擊案只在過去的 20 多年裡開始增多的？

And what has been new in the past 20 years?

而在這過去的 20 年裡出現了什麼新東西呢？

Violent video games.

暴力電玩遊戲。

Although, by that logic, anything that's been invented in the last 20 years could have contributed to mass shootings, like Crocs were invented over the last 20 years.

雖然照那個邏輯看來，任何在過去 20 年來發明出的東西都可能造成槍擊事件，例如鱷魚拖也是這 20 年間發明的。

And I know they inspire anger in me.

而且我知道鱷魚拖會激起我內在的怒火。

Here's another thing, here's another thing, though, if video games are responsible for shootings, how do you explain countries like South Korea or Japan?

不過還有一件事，如果是電玩造成槍擊案，那你要如何解釋像南韓或日本這些國家？

They play the same games at a higher rate than the U.S.

他們人民玩這些遊戲的比例比美國更高。

But neither of these countries have a mass shooting epidemic.

但這兩個國家都沒有頻頻發生大規模槍擊事件。

The worst thing Japan is dealing with right now is a karaoke epidemic.

現在日本要面對最糟糕的問題就是卡啦 OK 氾濫。

The only thing getting murdered there is Mariah Carey songs.

在日本被謀殺的只有瑪麗亞凱莉的歌曲。

So some people blame the Internet, and others say it's video games.

所以有些人怪罪網際網路，其他人則說是電玩遊戲的錯。

But for many, if the president wants to find the real cause of what's happening, he should go and look in the bathroom mirror.

但對很多人而言，如果總統川普想找出真正的起因，他應該去廁所照照鏡子看看自己。

The 21-year-old white male said the attack was in response to the Hispanic invasion of Texas, adding that his ideology predates President Trump, and that blaming the president would be the equivalency of fake news.

21 歲的犯案年輕白人男子表示這起攻擊是在對德州的拉丁入侵做出回應，他還補充說他的這般思想早在川普之前就存在了，所以怪罪總統川普就跟散布假新聞一樣。

This is language the president has used since his campaign began.

川普在競選活動開始之初就是使用這用詞。

A lot of people are taking issue with the explosive rhetoric he has used, rhetoric that mirrors the screed written by the El Paso murderer.

很多人把槍擊案問題歸因於總統嚴重偏激的煽動性言論，那些言論和在厄爾帕索市犯案的兇手所寫的文章相呼應。

Just three months ago, this scene at a rally in Panama City Beach, Florida.

僅僅三個月前，這個場景發生在佛羅里達州巴拿馬市海灘的造勢會上。

President Trump at first laughing when a supporter in the crowd suggested shooting immigrants.

總統川普在群眾裡的支持者提議射殺移民時先笑了一下。

- But how do you stop these people? - Shoot them.

- 但你要怎麼阻止這些人？ - 射殺他們。

You can't. There's...

你不能。有個...

That's only in the Panhandle you can get away with that statement.

你只有在佛羅里達州狹長地帶才能沒事說那種話。

Yeah, it might have been a joke at that rally, but clearly there are people out there who could take the president's words seriously.

可能當時在造勢會場那只是個笑話，但顯然真的有人認真看待川普說的話。

Now, I know it's crazy to take Trump's words seriously but some people do.

我知道認真看待川普的話非常瘋狂，但有些人真的這樣。

In fact, as we've learned, the mass shooter in El Paso left behind a manifesto that included the same phrases Trump uses every day:

事實上，我們還得知在厄爾帕索市犯案的兇手留下的聲明中包含了川普每天使用的詞句：

Fake news, immigrant invasions.

假新聞、移民入侵。

Like, the only reason you know that it wasn't written by Trump is because the grammar was correct.

你可以辨別出聲明不是由川普所寫的唯一理由是裡面的文法是正確的。

And here's the thing, here's the thing, although there is a chance Donald Trump has emboldened racist mass shooters, we also cannot say that he's the overall cause, because there were racist mass shooters before Donald Trump.

還有，就算川普可能讓種族歧視的大規模槍擊兇手更大膽，我們也不能斷言全部是他造成的，因為在川普當選前就有種族歧視的槍擊兇手了。

It's the same way you can't blame stuffed-crust pizzas for the obesity epidemic in America.

就像你不能怪罪美國的肥胖問題給有餡料的披薩邊一樣。

You can admit that adding a pizza to the edge of a pizza is not gonna help people lose weight, but it's not the cause.

可以承認在披薩的邊邊再加上一個披薩不會幫助人們減肥，但那並不是變胖的原因。

So some people blame the Internet, some say it's video games, others blame President Trump.

所以有些人怪罪網路、有些人說是電玩害的、有些人則怪罪川普。

But the thing we're hearing the most after these mass shootings, is that the real cause is all in the head.

但在這些槍擊案發生後我們最常聽到的是，真正的起因都在腦袋裡。

Mental health is a large contributor to any type of violence or shooting violence.

心理健康是造成任何暴力或槍械暴力的一大因素。

-There are so many different factors, you don't know. -Yeah.

- 有太多未知的因素了。 - 沒錯。

I mean, maybe a child's born with, you know, some mental illness.

我的意思是，可能小孩子天生就有些心理疾病。

This was a sick person.

他是個病患。

The person in Dayton was a sick person.

代頓市的射擊兇手就是個病患。

No politician is to blame for that.

沒有任何政客應因此被怪罪。

You cannot be a white supremacist and be normal in the head.

腦袋正常的人不可能是白人至上主義者。

These are sick people.

這些人生病了。

Now, again, this argument sounds completely logical.

再次地，這個論點聽起來完全合理。

If someone kills a group of random strangers, they must be mentally ill, but that's not necessarily true.

如果有人任意殺死一群陌生人，他一定有心理疾病，但那不一定是真的。

In fact, a majority of mass shooters have no history of mental illness, which is a scary thought, because it means most mass shooters are killing because they want to, not because something "went wrong" in their brain.

事實上，一大部分的槍擊兇手並沒有心理疾病病史，這相當可怕，表示大部分的兇手是因為想要而殺人，而不是因為他們腦袋出了問題。

So... what causes mass shootings?

所以... 到底是什麼造成大規模槍擊事件？

Is it the Internet?

是網際網路嗎？

Is it video games?

是電玩遊戲嗎？

Is it Trump?

是川普嗎？

Is it mental illness?

是心理疾病嗎？

You know, what's sad and frustrating about America is that after every mass shooting, lawmakers want to identify the one thing that causes all mass shootings.

你知道的，美國令人難過和沮喪的就是，每件大規模槍擊案發生後，立法者們都想認定出一個造成所有槍擊案的起因。

And if they can't agree on what that thing is, nothing gets done.

而若是他們沒有對此達成共識，就什麼事也不會做。

But the truth is, when it comes to any individual shooting, the cause could be any one of those factors, if not more.

但是事實是，每個個別的槍擊案的起因都可能是上述的任何一個因素，或是更多其他因素。

But there's one thing that every mass shooting has in common:

但每起大規模槍擊案都有一個共通點：

Whatever motivated it has to be combined with a gun.

不管起因動機是什麼，都和槍枝有所結合。