Name: 蟲蟲到底需不需要睡覺呢？ (Do Insects Sleep?)
Uploaded: 2016-10-28T12:09:28.000Z
Duration: 4 min 13 s

轉承詞

Because if they do I say it’s high time we bite them back!

因為，如果他們會的話我要說，這是我們咬回來的最佳時間。

Hey there sleeping pill bugs, Julian here for DNews.

嘿！那裏有彈丸般的小蟲在睡覺，D新聞的朱利安在此報導。

We’re still not exactly sure why we need to sleep but almost every animal does it.

我們還不能很確定，為什麼我們需要睡眠，但是幾乎所有的動物都這麼做。

Humans, cats, dogs, cats, birds, cats, even fish and cats!

人類、貓、狗、貓、鳥、貓，甚至是魚跟貓！

So just how deep does the rabbit hole go?

Do insects, for instance, need a little shut compound-eye?

例如昆蟲，需要有些可以闔上的複眼？

It’s not an easy question to answer because it’s not like bugs have eyelids they can

這不是個可以簡單回答的問題，因為他不像那些有眼瞼的蟲一樣

actually close and we still haven’t devised tiny brain wave scanners that can detect a

真的可以闔上眼睛，且我們仍未能設計出可以分辨睡眠模式的微腦波掃描器來。

So scientists had to define what insect sleep looks like, and in 2000 they did just that.

所以科學家必須去定義，所謂的昆蟲睡覺究竟看起來是什麼樣子，而在2000年的時候，他們做到了。

Two separate groups from the Neuroscience Institute of California and the University

分別是加州的精神科學研究所與賓州大學兩個團隊

of Pennsylvania studied fruit flies to see if they behaved similarly to us.

藉由研究果蠅去看他們的行為是否跟我們相似。

The researchers found that at night, they were immobile and had a higher arousal threshold,

研究發現，在晚上，他們會靜止不動，且有一個較高的覺醒門檻，

meaning it took more than usual to startle them and get them moving.

去定義這個，要花比平常都還多的努力，去嚇他們，讓他們移動。

The scientists also found that if they deprived the flies of sleep at night by continually

科學家們也發現，如果他們藉由持續敲打他們所在的容器，來剝奪果蠅晚上的睡眠，

tapping the container they were in, the flies would rest during the day, exhibiting “sleep

這些果蠅就會在白天休息，這正是「補眠」。

If you’ve ever worked all night and then slept like a log in a coma the whole day,

如果你有過徹夜工作，然後睡了個不省人事的感覺

And if you used caffeine to pull an all nighter, the flies can relate to you: turns out the

而如果你用咖啡因來提神熬夜，蒼蠅也跟你一樣，原來那些讓我們忙碌不已的

chemical that keeps us buzzing does the same for fruit flies.

化學物質，對果蠅也同樣有效。

Since the first observations of fruit fly sleep in 2000 more insects have been caught

自從2000年第一篇關於果蠅睡覺的觀察出現後，有很多的昆蟲也被捕捉到

The males of some species of bees that don’t live in hives sleep by locking their jaws

有一些種類的雄蜂，沒有住在蜂巢中，牠們藉由把自己的下顎鎖在

onto a flower and relaxing the rest of their body.

花朵上來讓牠們的身體放鬆休息。

They exhibit the same change in arousal threshold: as you can see in this video, when this sleeping

在覺醒門檻上，他們表現出了一樣的改變，就如你在影片中所看到的一樣，當睡覺的

bee is poked, it lazily waves a leg like it’s asking for 5 more minutes.

蜜蜂被戳時，他們懶得抬腳，就像被要求再多五分鐘一般。（懶得抬腳，就像是要要求再睡五分鐘一般）

And if bees are kept awake, they show the same negative side effects we do.

但如果是還醒著的蜜蜂，他們則表現出跟我們一樣的負向影響。

Biologist Barrett Klein studies the sleep of bees and invented a device called the Insominator,

生物學家Barrett Klein研究蜜蜂的睡眠以及發明了一個叫做 Insominator的設備，

which is officially the best name for anything ever. Game over guys, go home.

這是有史以來最棒的正式名稱了。其他生物學家可以閃邊。

Klein would tag some bees with steel and some with copper.

Klein會用鋼鐵物來標註一些蜜蜂，一些則用銅製物。

The Insominator would keep the steel-clad bees awake by jarring them with magnets.

Insominator會讓保留有鋼鐵盔甲的蜜蜂清醒，藉由磁鐵來擾亂他們。

Meanwhile, bees tagged with non-magnetic copper would be unaffected.

同時，沒有被無磁性銅製物註記的蜜蜂則不會被影響。

The next day when the steel-clad sleepy bees had to communicate where flowers were by doing

隔天，愛睏的裝甲蜜蜂必須藉由跳搖擺舞來說明花朵在哪

the waggle dance -- yes that’s the official name -- they weren’t as accurate as their

－－－沒錯，這是個正式名稱－－－他們可能不像他們那些

Sleep deprivation makes bees a little muddled, just like us.

剝奪睡眠使得蜜蜂有點昏沉，就像我們一樣。

And if it goes on for too long, it can have worse consequences.

並且如果持續太久的話，可能會有很糟糕的結果。

A study that kept fruit flies awake for an extended period saw a third of them die.

某研究讓果蠅保持很長時間的清醒，最後有三分之一死掉了。

So extreme sleep deprivation can be fatal for insects, just like us.

所以剝奪大量的睡眠時間，對昆蟲會有致命的影響，就像我們一樣。

Some researchers think if it doesn’t outright kill them, it can shorten a bug’s life span.

有些研究學家認為，就算沒有直接的殺死他們，也會縮短一隻蟲的生命週期。

A University of South Florida study of fire ants found that queens get much more rest

一份南佛羅里達大學關於火蟻的研究發現，蟻后比其他工蟻有更多的休息時間。

The queens would regularly doze off 90 times a day for 6 minutes at a time, which adds

蟻后一天會規律的瞌睡近九十次，每次六分鐘，加總起來

Workers on the other hand took minute long power naps at random, 250 times a day.

工蟻則普遍僅有一分鐘的充電打盹時間，一天約250次。

Incidentally, workers only live up to a year, while queens can live for up to 6 years.

附帶一提，在蟻后們最多能活到六年地情況下，工蟻只能活一年。

The worker ants sleeping pattern means that 80% of the colony is awake at any given time

工蟻睡眠模式，意味著有八成的群體是清醒的，在任何被給予的時間

so they can continuously get stuff done.Other insects sleep when there’s not much

所以他們可以持續的把事情做完。其他昆蟲在沒有那麼多需要清醒的時間睡覺

point in being awake: flowers close up at night, so honeybees can catch some zzzzs.

花朵會在夜晚闔上，所以蜜蜂也能抓時間睡一下。

Humans aren’t on mattresses during the day so bed bugs sleep then.

人類白天並不會在床墊上，所以換床蝨睡。

The New Zealand weta lives at an altitude where it freezes overnight so it might as

紐西蘭沙螽住在一個高的地方，整夜結冰所以他們或許可以

Spiders aren’t insects, they never sleep.

蜘蛛不是昆蟲，他們從不睡覺。

If you’re a tired bee, maybe your mattress is your own insominator.

如果你是一隻疲累的蜜蜂，或許你的床墊就你自己的受精工具。

Eve Mattress has spent 4 years perfecting the memory foam mattress, and they sell it

Eve Mattress花了四年的時間去完備泡沫記憶床墊，然後直接在線上賣

direct to you online at a third the price of traditional stores.

給你，約傳統商店三分之一的價錢。

And since you watch DNews you can save even more.

自從你看了D新聞後，你可以省更多。

Go to www.evemattress.com now for your exclusive offer - enter promo code dnews125 to get $125

現在就去www.evemattress.com 給你的獨家提供－輸入活動碼dnews125去領取125美元

Hey remember how I mentioned fish sleep and you were really curious as to how that’s

嘿！記得我怎麼說於睡覺以及你會很好奇那怎麼可能發生嗎？

Well Trace and Dr. Kiki Sanford tell you all about it here.

Well Trace及Kiki Sanford博士 會在這裡告訴你一切。

Before we brought it up I bet you never wondered if insects sleep, but these are the questions

在我提起之前，我打賭你們沒有人有想過昆蟲是否會睡覺的問題，但這些就是問題

If you have your own you’d like us to answer, ask us!

如果你有你自己，你應該會喜歡跟我們問答。