sixty miles west of London. I've been making cocktails right around the world for the last

倫敦以西六十哩外的一間杜松子酒(琴酒)蒸餾廠。過去二十幾年來，我在世界各地調製無數的雞尾酒，

twenty years so I think I'm the best person to give you the ultimate guide to gin. There's

我想我應該是杜松子酒(琴酒)最佳的解說人選。

been a huge resurgence in gin and gin cocktails in the last few years but what is gin? The

過去幾年來，杜松子酒(琴酒)和以杜松子酒(琴酒)為基底的調酒再次活耀，不過，杜松子酒(琴酒) 是什麼?

definition of gin states that it has to be juniper dominant flavoured spirit. An agricultural

杜松子酒(琴酒)的定義在於，必須是由生長在農業地帶的刺柏屬植物，來掌控味道的靈魂。

origin, and then bottled above thirty seven point five percent alcohol by volume. Gin

每瓶酒精濃度在37.5%以上。杜松子酒(琴酒)有著千年的歷史，

has a thousand years of history to it, dates all the way back to ten fifty A.D to an Italian

能追朔回至西元1050年的一間義大利修道院，

monastery, so gin is Italian. Gin wasn't popularised until the sixteenth century in Belgium and

這麼說來，杜松子酒(琴酒)是來自於義大利。杜松子酒(琴酒)一直都不是那麼的受歡迎，一直到了16世紀

Holland and it's here during the thirty year war the term Dutch courage was coined and

杜松子酒(琴酒)在比利時和荷蘭開始盛行，時值三十年戰爭期間，因為杜松子酒(琴酒)，“酒後之勇”就這麼應運而生，

the British soldiers would take a wee nip of the local Genever, give them a bit of courage

英國兵啜取少量的當地杜松子酒(琴酒)，藉此在戰場上提升士氣，

to get out onto the battle fields, brought it back to England and shortened the name

英國將杜松子酒(琴酒)帶回英國，將其名稱簡稱為琴酒，

to just Gin and claimed it as there own. When I say botanical it stem from the word botany

並宣稱是屬於英國的酒。「植物性藥材」此一名稱是源自於植物學，

that basically means anything thats grown like a herb, root, spice, plant or even a

基本上來說，指的就是像香草類、根類、香料類、植物類或甚至是堅果類。

nut. You've gotta' have juniper in your Gin to be a Gin. Some of the other most common

要製成杜松子酒(琴酒)，你必須在酒內加入刺柏屬植物。其他一些在杜松子酒(琴酒)中

botanicals in gin are like the lemon peel it gives a wonderful bright fresh citrusy

比較常見的植物性藥材，像是檸檬皮，能帶出清新美好的柑橘類元素。

element to the Gin. Cassia bark, licorice root, angelica root even grains of paradise

肉桂、甘草根、當歸，甚至是天堂椒

and cubeb berries give a wonderful floral peppery spice. But when you bring all of these

和蓽澄茄(胡椒屬的一種植物)則能帶出極好的植物性胡椒香味。將這些植物性藥材全部融合一起，

botanicals together this is what makes Gin so versatile and mixable in a vast array of

杜松子酒(琴酒)將變得所向披靡，可調成多種調酒。

cocktails. So once you've harvested your botanicals that are gonna' go into the gin you need them

因此，當植物性藥材收成後，要將這些植物性藥材融入杜松子(琴酒)時，

in a natural raw berry form. You're gonna' dry them. This is the juniper berry and we

這些植物性藥材得要保有自然的原樣。使這些植物藥材乾燥。這是杜松果，

extract the oils out of it so you have a wonderful bright fresh green piney note. So there's

將杜松果的油淬取出來，萃取出的杜松果油亮綠的如同松樹般。

two main types of Gin you've got that cold compounded gin and you got that distilled

兩種主要的釀造杜松子酒(琴酒)方式，混合法和蒸餾法(倫敦琴酒)。

London dry gins. Cold compound is basically that nutri grain spirit, mixed with some botanicals

混合法基本上就是集結了每一穀物靈魂，混入了一些植物性藥材，

for a few days to infuse, add water and then you bottle it. When you make a distilled gin

數日後，加入水後再裝入瓶內。我們都知道蒸餾法釀製的琴酒

well we all know that water boils off at a hundred degrees C right but alcohol boils

必須在攝氏數百度時蒸發，但是，

at about twenty degrees lower at seventy eight point three seven degrees C. So if you've

酒精在攝氏78.37度以下便會蒸發。因此，

got alcohol and water together with the botanicals. You're gonna' heat that up and then you're

將酒精、 水和植物性藥材加在一起，加熱蒸餾器，

gonna' hit the condenser and condense it back to a liquid. With a distilled gin you are

經冷卻器後，使其冷卻成後變為液體。我們能在蒸餾琴酒蒸餾後，

allowed to add artificial flavouring after distillation but with the London dry gin you're

加入香料調味，但是倫敦琴酒

not allowed to add anything like that at all. But with the gin they make here they use a

是不允許加入任何一點香料調味。這兒他們釀造琴酒的方式，

process known as vapour infusion and by that I mean they don't put the botanicals in the

是以蒸汽注入，在蒸餾時是不加植物性藥材或香料的，

distill they put them in a perforated copper basket about thirty five foot up in the air,

他們將這些植物性藥材或香料，放在一個多孔的銅製籃裡，約35呎高的半空中，

twenty five foot accross the still house and they allow that spirit to pass through the

橫越25呎蒸餾室後，烈酒會穿過這些

botanicals and extract the natural raw flavour of the botanical rather than the cooked flavour.

植物性藥草和自然香料，而不是加工香料。

So in here we've got a wheat base nutrigrain spirit and water that's heated up to eighty

來到了這個步驟時，我們已經擁有了由小麥釀製的烈酒，

degress C so that mean that all of the alcohol goes up the column. So when that spirit comes

將水加熱至攝氏80度，意味著所有的酒精將往上至圓柱體。當酒精向上通過圓柱時，

up the column it then turns a corner and comes down the line arm into this perforated copper

圓柱會轉個彎往下接上一根管子，這管子接入進這個多孔的銅製籃，

basket where those botanicals are held, and this is what is known aˊs the vapour infusion

這裡裝著植物性藥草和香料，這就是蒸氣注入的過程。

process. It extracts all the natural oils within the botanicals and then comes out the

這過程萃取了杜松子天然的原油，然後轉變成

other size as a flavoured vapour then it hits the condenser and condenses back to a liquid.

具有香料味的蒸汽，經過了冷卻器後，冷卻凝結成液體。

So it passes through the pipe work into the spirit safe. This liquids coming off pretty

整個過程通過了這些管線的作業後，進入到烈酒保險箱。整個過程產生出的液體容量很可觀，

much double bottling strength so that's like eighty five to ninety percent alcohol. This

酒精濃度之高，介於85到90度之間的酒精濃度。

is the access point for the stillment to be able to nose and taste the gin. We don't want

此時是能藉由嗅覺和味覺去體會琴酒的的過程。最初釀出的錢20公升，

the first twenty liters or so, we're gonna' wait for a lovely bright fresh citrus note

是不會備取用的，必須等到美好清香的柑橘味飄出才行。

to come through . That then leads into piney notes floral notes, rooty notes and then spicy

隨之飄出的是松樹的氣息、花的香味、根類的味道然後是

notes and all of this is the heart of the gin. And then after about six hours or so

香料的味道，這全部都是杜松子酒(琴酒)的核心精神呀。約莫六小時後，

they'll be nosing it every minute and once they finish getting those spicy notes they'll

每幾分鐘都會持續地飄出氣味，當所有的氣味都完成時，

switch it over and that's the tails. So it's that heart that we want right in the middle.

整個液體改變了，這就是最後的過程變化。所以我們所要的，正是中間的精華核心過程。

They take that high strength botanical spirit add water to it to dilute it down to bottling

取用高濃度植物性藥材烈酒，加入水來稀釋，

strength, put it in the bottle and it's ready for you to make your favourite gin cocktail.

然後裝入瓶中，此時，你已經可以開始調製喜愛的調酒了。

To see me teach you how to make my favourite gin cocktail click right here in the sublime

想知道該如何調製我喜愛的調酒的話，點選這這個影片，

moment button or follow the link below and you will learn all about how flavour trans

或者是參考以下的連結，你會了解到味道的轉變是多麼的不可思議。

modification is amazing. Subscribe to Drinks Tube right here and it will teach you all

訂閱酒之頻道，有全部關於調酒、

about cocktails, beers, wines, soft drinks, everything. Cheers

調酒、啤酒、葡萄酒、非酒精飲料的事。乾杯!