Name: 為何我要將獅子帶回我的村莊？| Seif Hamisi | TED (Why I Want to Bring Lions Back to My Village | Seif Hamisi | TED)
Uploaded: 2026-03-23T21:43:20.000Z
Duration: 9 min 43 s

Picture this: you are 5 or 6 years old, getting ready to go to bed,

想像一下，你大概五、六歲，正準備上床睡覺，

情態副詞

and then suddenly you hear these lion roars.

This is how it was in the early '70s in my village in Taveta, in Kenya, on the southeastern slope of Mount Kilimanjaro.

這就是七〇年代初期，我在肯亞的塔維塔村，位於吉力馬札羅山東南坡的景象。

那時候很可怕，現在可能也是，

but looking back, I see it as something powerful, a beautiful reminder of how close we lived with nature.

但回想起來，我覺得這是一種力量，提醒我們曾經多麼貼近大自然。

Sadly, the nighttime roars and the many animals that once roamed our village are gone.

可惜的是，夜晚的吼叫聲和曾經在我們村莊出沒的許多動物，都已經消失了。

What happened in my village has happened across Africa.

我村莊裡發生的事，也在非洲各地發生。

Our forests, savannas, grasslands, and wetlands are disappearing very fast,

我們的森林、草原、濕地正以非常快的速度消失，

and the hardest-hit places are community lands where people and wildlife lived side by side.

而受創最嚴重的，是人們與野生動物曾經比鄰而居的社區土地。

In five decades, five decades, much of the land outside protected areas has been converted into either farms or settlements.

五十年來，五十年來，保護區以外的大部分土地，都已經轉變成了農場或聚落。

It's not surprising that the population of wildlife in Africa has declined by three-quarters in the same period.

令人驚訝的是，同期非洲的野生動物數量已經減少了四分之三。

This is not just a sad statistic, but it's a crisis.

這不只是一個令人難過的統計數字，這是一場危機。

All of us know that we've spent billions on conservation in Africa, yet wildlife keeps on declining,

我們都知道，我們在非洲的保育上花了數十億美元，但野生動物卻持續減少，

and people are going deeper into poverty and becoming even more vulnerable to climate change.

人們變得越來越貧窮，也更容易受到氣候變遷的影響。

Because we've been applying ecological solutions to fix what are inherently economic problems.

因為我們一直試圖用生態解決方案來處理根本是經濟問題。

The truth is that conservation works only if it creates income to people living closest to nature.

事實是，保育只有在能為最親近大自然的人們創造收入時才會奏效。

That means we have to make nature not just something to protect, but something to invest in.

這意味著我們必須讓大自然不只是被保護的對象，更是值得投資的對象。

That's why we have to grow capitalist solutions in conservation, not the exploitative type, but

這就是為什麼我們要在保育中發展資本主義的解決方案，不是剝削型的，而是

models where nature drives business, where healthy ecosystems bring real income to families, where nature conservation and economic growth go hand in hand.

能讓大自然帶動商業、健康的生態系統能為家庭帶來實質收入、保育與經濟成長並駕齊驅的模式。

This is beginning to happen across Africa, from the shrublands of Namakwa Land in South Africa to the winding tributaries of Okavango River in Botswana, the grasslands, savanna woodlands in Kenya, Namibia, Mozambique, Madagascar, and

這在非洲各地都開始發生了，從南非的納馬誇蘭灌木叢，到波札那奧卡萬戈河蜿蜒的支流，肯亞、納米比亞、莫三比克、馬達加斯加和

Zimbabwe, to the forests of Ivory Coast, Liberia, and Congo.

辛巴威的草原、稀樹草原林地，以及象牙海岸、賴比瑞亞和剛果的森林。

We are building better natural resource management systems and incentivizing efforts to bring back wildlife populations.

我們正在建立更好的自然資源管理系統，並鼓勵人們努力恢復野生動物族群。

In many parts of South Africa, herding livestock isn't just a job; it's a way of life.

在南非的許多地方，放牧牲畜不只是一份工作，更是一種生活方式。

But many rural farmers there are struggling to get their cattle to the market.

但那裡的許多農村飼養者卻難以將他們的牛隻賣到市場。

Even though they own half of the livestock in the country, only 5%—5%—of meat comes from them,

儘管他們擁有全國一半的牲畜，但只有 5%—5%—的肉類來自他們，

and the grass continues to suffer as cattle graze on the same land all year round.

而且牛隻全年都在同一片土地上吃草，草地持續受到影響。

And when their cattle get to the market, if they do, they are often malnourished and can't fetch a fair price.

當他們的牛隻到達市場時，如果真的能到市場的話，牠們通常營養不良，也無法賣到合理的價格。

Mpolokenge Ngubo, a great livestock farmer and herder from Eastern Cape, South Africa.

她是來自南非東開普省的傑出飼養員。

With support from Conservation International, she and other farmers have turned back to traditional grazing, where livestock moves between pasture and allowing land to rest and recover.

在國際保育組織的支持下，她和其他農民回歸傳統放牧方式，讓牲畜在不同牧場間移動，並讓土地得以休息和恢復。

Healthy grasslands mean healthy livestock to them.

健康的草地對他們來說，就代表著健康的牲畜。

And the change here is that those farmers have agreed to protect the land as they access a cattle market that comes directly to them.

而這裡的改變是，這些農民同意在保護土地的同時，也能直接接觸到牛隻市場。

Mpolokenge's cow, in a recent auction, the cattle fetched the highest bid in the market.

在最近的拍賣會上，她的牛隻拍出了市場的最高價。

And this is how it works: because the model is not top-down, it's built on what communities already know and practice.

而且這就是它的運作方式：因為這個模型不是自上而下的，而是建立在社群們已知且實踐的基礎上。

and with that, the fields are now humming with insects and chattering birds.

而且隨著壓力的減輕，田野間開始充滿昆蟲的嗡嗡聲和鳥兒的啁啾聲。

Wildlife is getting restored one grazing cycle at a time, and with cash streaming to farmers' pockets.

野生動物正一個放牧週期一個週期地恢復，同時現金也流入農民的口袋。

Now, in Kenya, business solutions are taking off, too.

現在，在肯亞，商業解決方案也正在蓬勃發展。

In Tulu Hills, farmers have transitioned from slash-and-burn to one of the earliest forest carbon projects.

在圖魯丘陵，農民們已從刀耕火種轉型為最早的森林碳項目之一。

Here, they are conserving and protecting one million acres of wilderness.

在這裡，他們正在保育和保護一百萬英畝的荒野。

And around Masai Mara—all of you perhaps have heard about Masai Mara—communities living around there have come up together, pulled their land voluntarily,

而在馬賽馬拉周邊——你們可能都聽說過馬賽馬拉——周邊的社群們一起合作，自願地整合他們的土地，

and formed these big wildlife conservancies that they own.

並成立了這些由他們擁有的大型野生動物保護區。

They lease these lands to safari operators and ecologists and get incomes while maintaining their land rights and way of life.

他們將這些土地出租給狩獵旅行業者和生態學家，從中獲得收入，同時維持他們的土地權利和生活方式。

During the COVID pandemic, tourism crashed.

在 COVID 疫情期間，觀光業一落千丈。

These conservancies took up loans and paid the leases.

這些保育區就去貸款，支付了租金。

When the pandemic eased and tourism came back, they repaid those loans quickly, showing that capitalist solutions are actually maturing.

疫情趨緩、觀光業回歸後，他們很快就還清了貸款，這顯示出資本主義的解決方案其實正在成熟。

This intervention has brought 180,000 hectares under community protection, doubling the space for wildlife in that area.

這項介入措施讓 18 萬公頃的土地納入社區保護，該區域的野生動物棲地空間是以翻倍。

And the impact on the families who are in this arrangement is transformational.

而參與這項計畫的家庭，他們的境遇也是以有了轉變。

On average, households earn around $230 per month, a little bit less than the starting salary of a university graduate in Kenya.

平均來說，家庭每月收入約為 230 美元，比肯亞大學畢業生的起薪還少一點。

But in a place where jobs are scarce and the future is uncertain, nature is not only surviving,

但在工作機會稀少、未來充滿不確定性的地方，大自然不僅得以生存，

It is bringing dignity, security, and choice.

These are the kinds of 21st-century conservation approaches that we must accelerate.

這些是我們必須加速推動的 21 世紀保育方法。

We must bring tomorrow's conservation business solutions today, because this is the right vision for Africa.

我們必須將明日的保育商業解決方案帶到今天，因為這才是非洲的正確願景。

It's the vision that our changing climate demands.

這也是我們不斷變遷的氣候所要求的願景。

It is a vision, ultimately, that ultimately people benefit, not because they gave up their culture,

這是一個最終能讓人們受益的願景，不是因為他們放棄了自己的文化，

而是因為他們保護了自己的文化。

Now, ladies and gentlemen, allow me to say this provoking, perhaps unannoying statement.

各位女士們、先生們，請容我說一句發人深省、或許不令人討厭的陳述。

People talk about money as if it's the root of all evil.

人們談論金錢，彷彿它是萬惡之源。

But in conservation of nature, it's clearly the lack of it.

但在保育大自然這件事上，顯然是缺乏金錢。

That's the true root of evil that's driving the forces of degradation and destruction that we see today in those landscapes.

這才是驅動我們今日在這些景觀中看到的退化和毀滅力量的真正禍根。

We have to work with dedication, speed, and scale.

我們必須全力以赴，快速且大規模地工作。

But the tide is on our side, because today, communities are stronger, their voice is louder in decision-making,

但大勢所趨是站在我們這邊的，因為今天，社區更強大了，他們在決策中的聲音更響亮，

and there are stronger rights and safeguards.

Finance and market connectivity today, supported by an expanding technological space, has made it easier today, more than before, to invest, to innovate,

如今，在不斷擴大的技術空間支持下，金融和市場的連結，讓今日比以往任何時候都更容易投資、創新，

and build businesses with and for communities that are living closest to nature.

並與最親近大自然的社區共同建立事業。

And policies and incentives by governments are taking a different level.

政府的政策和激勵措施也提升到了新的層次。

For example, the wildlife profit-enhancing policies of South Africa, Zimbabwe, and

Namibia to the Kenya carbon and conservancy policies—more revenue is now streaming to families and communities that are closest to nature.

納米比亞的野生動物獲利政策，到肯亞的碳和保育政策——現在有更多的收入流向最親近大自然的家庭和社區。

It doesn't matter which ecosystem you are talking about, because it's only through economic prosperity of people living alongside nature that nature, wildlife, and

無論你談論的是哪個生態系統，因為只有透過與大自然共存的人們的經濟繁榮，大自然、野生動物和

Maybe then the wildlife will be restored around my village,

也許那時候，我的村莊周圍的野生動物就會恢復，

and maybe then—maybe—my grandchildren will get to hear the lions roar back again.

也許吧——也許——我的孫子們就能再次聽到獅子的吼聲。