Name: 暗黑手法如何線上欺騙你！ (How Dark Patterns Trick You Online)
Uploaded: 2026-02-19T17:12:37.000Z
Duration: 6 min 57 s

情態助動詞 B1

Dark patterns are features of interface design, crafted to trick users into doing things that they might not want to do, but

黑暗模式是介面設計中的一些功能，它們被精心設計來欺騙使用者做出他們可能不想做的事情，但

Have you ever tried to delete your Amazon account?

你有試過刪除你的 Amazon 帳戶嗎？

What's the first thing you might think to do?

你第一個可能會想到要做什麼？

The obvious place to look is the account dropdown here.

顯然你會想看看這裡的帳戶下拉選單。

進來這裡之後，你就會到處看看。

if I'm interested in deleting my account, I think that your account is probably a good place to go.

如果我想刪除我的帳戶，我認為帳戶頁面應該是個不錯的地方。

Once I'm on this page, there's a lot more information.

進到這個頁面後，還有更多資訊。

Payment options, login and security, and a bunch of stuff down here.

付款選項、登入與安全性，還有這裡一堆東西。

Unfortunately, you could click every link on your account page, but

遺憾的是，你可能會點擊帳戶頁面上的每一個連結，但

none would deliver you to a place where you could actually delete it.

沒有任何一個會帶你到可以真正刪除帳戶的地方。

In order to actually delete your Amazon account, you have to go all the way down to the bottom of the page and under Let us help you CL Help.

想要真正刪除你的 Amazon 帳戶，你必須滑到頁面最底部，然後在「讓我們協助你」的「協助」下方。

Once you're in here, you have to navigate to need more help because you know putting it on this page would just be too easy.

進到這裡後，你必須導覽到「需要更多協助」，因為你知道，把它放在這個頁面實在是太簡單了。

This is where it starts to get ridiculous.

of the four options on the top that you want help with, click prime or something else.

在上面四個你想要協助的選項中，點擊 Prime 或其他。

告訴我們更多關於你的問題下拉選單。

There's still nothing that suggests account deletion.

還是沒有任何東西顯示帳戶刪除。

You just have to know to click login and security.

你必須知道要點擊登入與安全性。

And then in a second dropdown, there it is, the magic button.

然後在第二個下拉選單裡，它就在那裡，神奇按鈕。

Except in order to actually do that, you now have to have a chat conversation with an Amazon associate who's going to tell you all the reasons account deletion is a bad idea.

不過，為了真正做到這一點，你現在必須和一位 Amazon 專員進行哈拉對話，他會告訴你所有帳戶刪除是個壞主意的原因。

See, you can't delete the account yourself.

This is a dark pattern, a crappy user experience that intentionally makes it difficult, almost impossible without help, to do something that hurts.

這就是一個黑暗模式，一個糟糕的使用者體驗，故意讓使用者難以，甚至在沒有協助的情況下，幾乎不可能完成一件會造成傷害的事情。

Amazon UX specialist Harry Brignall categorizes this specific kind of dark pattern as a roach motel, a design that makes it very easy for you to get into a situation, but

Amazon 的使用者體驗專家 Harry Brignall 將這種特定類型的黑暗模式歸類為「蟑螂旅館」，一種讓使用者很容易陷入某種情況，但

Brignall is actually the one who coined the term dark pattern in 2010, and

Brignall 其實是在 2010 年創造「黑暗模式」這個詞的人，而且

he's been cataloging and lecturing about the issue ever since.

他從那時起就一直在記錄和講授這個問題。

Many of these dark patterns we're all familiar with.

我們都很熟悉的黑暗模式有很多種。

I only have to search my email for a few seconds to find one.

我只需要搜尋我的電子郵件幾秒鐘，就能找到一個。

For example, here I'm getting spam emails from Architectural Digest.

例如，我現在收到 Architectural Digest 的垃圾郵件。

This is a mess, but it's a mess on purpose.

這是一團亂，但這是一團故意的亂。

The unsubscribe link is here, but it's devilishly hard to see.

這裡有取消訂閱的連結，但它非常難看到。

That's because it's the same font and virtually the same color as the rest of the fine print.

這是因為它的字體和顏色幾乎跟其他細小的文字一樣。

Here's another dark pattern that uses color to misdirect over at the User Testing blog, Jennifer Jerome points out that the mobile game Two Dots carries you through the experience by offering green buttons.

另一個利用顏色誤導的黑暗模式，出現在 User Testing 部落格，Jennifer Jerome 指出，手機遊戲 Two Dots 在體驗過程中，會提供綠色按鈕引導你。

A green button to start the game, a green button to pick a level, a green button to start the level, and

綠色按鈕用來開始遊戲，綠色按鈕用來選擇關卡，綠色按鈕用來開始關卡，還有

three green buttons to continue to the next level.

三個綠色按鈕用來進入下一個關卡。

But once you lose a level, the color scheme changes.

但是一旦你輸了一個關卡，顏色配置就會改變。

The first green button you see leads you right to an in app purchase, while the Continue button is just a little X that blends into the larger element.

你看到的第一個綠色按鈕會直接導向應用程式內購買，而「繼續」按鈕只是一個小小的 X，融入了較大的元素中。

I wonder how many people clicked Buy Moves reflexively as a Pavlovian response.

我很好奇有多少人反射性地，像巴夫洛夫的狗一樣，點擊了「購買步數」。

Now, to be fair, this is a pretty benign dark pattern, but

說句公道話，這是一個相當溫和的黑暗模式，但是

it shows how companies can use something as simple as color to trick you into doing what they want.

這就顯示了公司如何利用像顏色這樣簡單的東西來欺騙你，讓你去做他們想做的事。

On the more egregious end of the spectrum, you have stuff like this banner ad for ChatMost, which is made to look like it has a speck of dust on it, causing people to brush it away and accidentally click the link.

在比較誇張的例子裡，你會看到像 ChatMost 這樣的橫幅廣告，它看起來像是有灰塵一樣，讓人們不小心把它擦掉而點擊了連結。

Or you have sites like booking.com where they do everything in their power to increase the urgency of a purchase, going so far as to alert you in big red notifications of the hotel rooms that you just missed.

又或者像 booking.com 這樣的網站，他們會盡一切努力來增加購買的急迫感，甚至用大大的紅色通知來提醒你錯過了哪些飯店房間。

You don't want to be left behind again, do you?

Every once in a while, a company goes a little too far and actually breaks the law.

有時候，公司會做得有點過火，甚至觸犯了法律。

Remember when you used to get spammed with all those LinkedIn invites from friends?

還記得以前你收到朋友傳來的 LinkedIn 邀請信件轟炸嗎？

Well, that was because of a confusing dark pattern on their ad contacts page, which allowed LinkedIn to scoop up people's email contacts and send them messages repeatedly without their consent.

那是因為他們在廣告聯絡人頁面設計了一個令人困惑的黑暗模式，讓 LinkedIn 可以偷偷取得人們的電子郵件聯絡人，並在未經同意的情況下重複傳送訊息給他們。

In a comprehensive blog post, Dan Schlosser showed how LinkedIn LinkedIn tried to trick users eight times in their signup and onboarding procedures into surrendering their email contacts.

Dan Schlosser 在一篇詳盡的部落格文章中，展示了 LinkedIn 在註冊和引導過程中，如何試圖八次欺騙使用者，讓他們交出電子郵件聯絡人。

Unfortunately for LinkedIn, this proved to be a step too far.

對 LinkedIn 來說，這不幸地證明是做得太過了。

Users filed a legal challenge, claiming that sending multiple unwarranted emails hurt their professional reputation.

使用者提起了法律訴訟，聲稱重複發送不必要的電子郵件損害了他們的職業聲譽。

LinkedIn settled the dispute for $13 million, which came out in the end to about $10 per user.

LinkedIn 以 1300 萬美元的金額和解了這場爭議，最後平均每位使用者約獲得 10 美元。

It's rare for dark patterns to face consequences like these.

黑暗模式很少會面臨這樣的後果。

Mostly they stay just on the right side of the law, understanding that it's hard to legislate around The Psych Tricks of UX Design Everything on the Internet is fighting for your attention, but

大多數時候，它們只是遊走在法律邊緣，因為大家知道很難針對使用者體驗設計的心理技巧來立法。網路上的一切都在爭奪你的注意力，但是

there's a difference between those who are taking the time to build trust and loyalty, and

有些人花時間建立信任和忠誠度，而有些人則是

the special offer you clicked which actually enrolled you in a monthly subscription, or the social network that dark patterned you into letting it sell data that you didn't even know it had.

你點擊的那個特別優惠，其實是讓你註冊了每月訂閱，或是那個黑暗模式讓你同意它出售你甚至不知道它擁有的數據的社交網絡。

Some of the responsibility is on us, but some is on design too.

有一部分責任在我們，但也有設計的責任。

They're just doing what they're tasked to do, knowing full well that if they don't, others will.

他們只是在做被賦予的任務，而且很清楚如果他們不做，別人就會做。

As Brignall says, our best defense against the dark patterns is to be aware of them and shame the companies who utilize them.

正如 Brignall 所說，我們對抗黑暗模式的最佳方法就是意識到它們的存在，並讓那些使用它們的公司感到羞恥。

Design is what mediates our interaction with the Internet.

設計是我們與網路互動的中介。

It's not too much to ask that that language be comprehensible and honest.

要求這種語言能夠被理解且誠實，並不過分。

Hey everybody, thank you so much for watching this episode was brought to you by NordVPN.

嗨，各位！非常感謝收看本集節目，本集由 NordVPN 贊助播出。

Now, if you care like I a lot about your privacy and security online, you should absolutely be using a VPN or a virtual private network to keep your data safe by allowing you to connect to stuff remotely so that prying eyes can't see your IP address and private information.

現在，如果你跟我一樣非常重視網路上的隱私和安全，你絕對應該使用 VPN 或虛擬私人網路來保護你的資料安全，它能讓你遠端連線，讓窺探的眼睛看不到你的 IP 位址和私人資訊。

Personally, I've had a few hacking scares, so VPNs really help ease my mind when I'm online.

我個人經歷過幾次駭客威脅，所以 VPN 讓我在上網時感到很安心。

And NORDVPN is the best out there, bar none.

而 NORDVPN 是市面上最好的，無可匹敵。

If you're watching this right now, you can get 77% off a three year plan by visiting NordVPN.com or using the promo code Nerdwriter at checkout.

如果你現在正在看，可以到 NordVPN.com 或在結帳時使用優惠代碼 Nerdwriter，享有三年方案 77 折優惠。

I've shopped around in this space and used a few VPNs.

我在這個領域比較過，也用過幾個 VPN。

NordVPN is definitely my favorite by a mile.

NordVPN 絕對是我最喜歡的，遙遙領先。

Not only does it have military grade encryption and 1000 servers in 61 countries, you can run it simultaneously on up to six devices, which means you can run it on your computers and your phone so that when you're accessing wifi at a cafe, which I do a lot, or a restaurant or an airport, you know you'll be safe.

它不只擁有軍用級加密和遍佈 61 個國家的 1000 臺伺服器，還能同時在最多六臺裝置上使用，也就是說，你可以在電腦和手機上同時使用，這樣你在使用咖啡廳、餐廳或機場的 Wi-Fi 時，就能確保安全。

And again, NORDVPN is offering my viewers 77% off three year plans.

而且 NORDVPN 現在提供我的觀眾，三年方案享有七七折優惠。

Just go to www.nordvpn.com nerdwriter or click the link in the description below to sign up and start protecting yourself.

只要前往 www.nordvpn.com nerdwriter 或點擊下方說明中的連結註冊，開始保護自己。