Name: 濟慈如何寫出《希臘古甕頌》？ 詩歌的誕生祕密大公開！ (How Keats Wrote "Ode To A Grecian Urn")
Uploaded: 2026-01-18T17:25:45.000Z
Duration: 9 min 57 s

Ode on a Grecian Urn by John Keats is arguably the best poem from arguably the best romantic poet.

約翰·濟慈的《希臘古甕頌》可說是最佳 romantic poet 所寫出的最佳詩作。

Let's take a closer look at what Keats is trying to say with this masterwork of 1819, taking it stanza by stanza.

我們一起仔細看看，濟慈在 1819 年的這件 masterwork 中，詩節詩節地想表達什麼。

關係子句

Thou still unravished bride of quietness, Thou foster child of silence and slow time, Sylvan historian who can canst thus express a flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme?

你這靜默而未被玷汙的新娘，沉默與緩慢時光的 foster child，你這 Sylvan historian，難道你更能甜美地訴說 flowery tale，勝過我們的 rhyme 嗎？

What leaf fringed legend haunts about thy shape of deities or mortals, or of both in Tempe or the dales of Arcady?

什麼 leaf fringed legend 縈繞著你的形狀，關於 deities 或 mortals，或是在 Tempe 或 Arcady 的 dales 中的兩者？

What maidens loath, what mad pursuit, what struggle to escape, what pipes and timbrels, what wild ecstasy?

是哪些 loath 的少女，什麼 mad pursuit，什麼 struggle to escape，什麼 pipes and timbrels，什麼 wild ecstasy？

In this first stanza of five, the speaker essentially picks up the urn, this vase from ancient Greece, turns it over and inspects the imagery painted onto it, wondering what it depicts and what the painter meant.

在這五個詩節的第一個裡，詩人基本上拿起這個甕，這個來自古希臘的花瓶，翻來覆去地仔細看著上面畫的圖像，想著它描繪了什麼，畫家又想表達什麼。

The urn is this perfect work of art and unravished bride that has survived the ages and arrives in the present as a sylvan historian communicating its message from the past more clearly than a poem can.

這個甕是這件完美的藝術品，是 unravished bride，它歷經歲月存留至今，像個 sylvan historian 一樣，比詩歌更能清晰地傳達它來自過去的訊息。

What are these gods and men, men that the speaker sees, this mad pursuit of a maiden, this wild ecstasy?

這些神和人是誰，詩人看到的男人，這對少女的 mad pursuit，這份 wild ecstasy？

In his word and image choice, Keats subtly sets up a tension here that will carry through the ode, the tension between the intense but fleeting passions of life and the permanent, unchanging beauty of art.

Keats 在他的詞語和圖像選擇上，巧妙地在這裡建立了一種張力，這種張力將貫穿整首 Ode，也就是生命中強烈但短暫的情感與藝術永恆不變的美之間的張力。

Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard are sweeter.

聽到的旋律很甜美，但聽不到的旋律更甜美。

Therefore ye soft pipes play on, not to the sensual ear, but more endeared pipe to the spirit.

所以，你們溫柔的笛子請繼續吹奏，不是吹給感官的耳朵聽，而是更親切地吹給靈魂。

Fair youth beneath the trees Thou canst not leave thy song Nor ever can those trees be bare.

樹下的俊美青年，你無法離棄你的歌，那些樹也永遠不會凋零。

Bold lover, never, never canst thou kiss Though winning near the goal, yet do not grieve, she cannot fade.

大膽的情人，你永遠，永遠無法親吻，雖然你已近在咫尺，但別難過，她不會凋謝。

Though thou hast not thy bliss forever wilt thou love and she be fair?

雖然你無法永遠擁有你的幸福，但你將永遠愛著，她也將永遠美麗嗎？

Stanza number two is where the speaker celebrates the undying nature of art, the unheard melodies sweeter than spirit song, the ditties of no tone that play to the spirit, not the sensual ear.

第二個詩節是講者讚頌藝術不朽的本質，聽不到的旋律比靈魂的歌聲更甜美，沒有聲音的歌謠是吹給靈魂聽，而不是感官的耳朵。

He brings us into the love scene on the urn and reflects on these figures who live eternally in their joy and passion beneath trees that will never not be in bloom.

他將我們帶入甕上的愛情場景，並反思這些人物，他們在永不凋零的樹下，在他們的喜悅和熱情中永恆地活著。

And yet even here something nags, something's not quite right.

然而，即使在這裡，還是有什麼東西讓人不安，有些事情不太對勁。

Keats deploys a lot of negative words and verbs in this stanza.

Keats 在這個詩節裡用了好多否定詞和動詞。

當我們更仔細地看這個場景時，我們。

We notice that this eternal lover is sort of trapped in this moment before he kisses his maiden, her beauty and his love will never fade, like both do in real life.

我們注意到這位永恆的情人，彷彿被困在親吻他愛人之前的這一刻，她的美麗和他的愛永遠不會褪色，就像現實生活中會發生的一樣。

But his bliss remains one moment away, a moment that will never arrive.

但他的幸福感，仍然只差那麼一瞬間，而那個瞬間永遠不會到來。

Ah, happy, happy boughs that cannot shed your leaves Nor ever bid the spring adieu and happy melodist unwearied forever piping songs forever new, More happy love.

啊，快樂的樹枝，永遠不會落葉，也永遠不會跟春天說再見；快樂的樂師，永遠不知疲倦地吹奏著新歌，更快樂的愛情。

Happy, happy love, Forever warm and still to be enjoyed, Forever panting and forever young, all breathing human passion far above that leaves a heart high, sorrowful and cloyed, A burning forehead and a parching tongue.

快樂的愛情，永遠溫暖，永遠待享，永遠喘息，永遠年輕，所有燃燒著人類的熱情，遠遠超越了那會讓心靈高亢、悲傷、厭倦，額頭灼熱、舌頭乾渴的。

A stanza like this is what makes Keats so great.

像這樣的詩節，正是 Keats 之所以偉大的原因。

In one sense, we clearly get an intensification of the celebratory mood of stanza two.

在某種程度上，我們清楚地看到了第二個詩節的慶祝情緒得到了加強。

The speaker craves the ideal everlasting love depicted on and symbolized by the urn.

講者渴望著甕上所描繪和象徵的理想的永恆愛情。

But the way he expresses himself, well, it's almost embarrassing, even hysterical, feverish.

但他表達的方式，嗯，簡直讓人尷尬，甚至歇斯底里，狂熱。

The word happy appears six times in this stanza, and the words forever five times.

這個詩節裡，「快樂」這個詞出現了六次，「永遠」這個詞出現了五次。

Why would Keats use up so much space with repetitions?

Keats 為什麼要在重複上花這麼多篇幅呢？

I think it's because he's trying to communicate something about the speaker that runs counter to his words.

我認為是因為他想傳達一些關於講者內心與他言語相反的訊息。

It reminds me of those times when you hear someone insist on how happy they are, but

這讓我想起有時候你聽到有人堅持說自己有多快樂，但是

you know they're just trying to will that fact into existence by speaking it through their words.

你知道他們只是想透過言語來讓這件事成真。

Here, at the midpoint of the ode, the speaker begins to doubt his own cravings for the permanence of art.

在這裡，在 Ode 的中點，講者開始懷疑自己對藝術永恆性的渴望。

它真的像他想像的那麼完美嗎？

To what green altar, O mysterious priest?

你這個神祕的祭司，要帶到哪個綠色的祭壇？

Leadest thou that heifer lowing at the skies, and all her silken flanks with garlands dressed?

你要帶那隻對著天空低鳴、全身披滿花環的母牛去哪裡？

What little town, by river or seashore or mountain, built with peaceful citadel, Is emptied of this folk, this pious morn and little town Thy streets forevermore will silent be, and

哪個依傍著河流、海岸或山脈的小鎮，建有寧靜的城池，卻被這些民眾清空了？這個虔誠的早晨，這個小鎮的街道將永遠寂靜，

not a soul to tell why thou art desolate can e' er return.

沒有一個人能說出你為何荒涼，也永遠無法回來。

In this penultimate stanza, the speaker turns the urn around and examines the scene on the opposite side.

在倒數第二個詩節，講者轉動著甕，檢視另一面的景象。

He sees a procession led by a priest leading a cow dressed in garlands to a ritual sacrifice.

他看到一個隊伍，由一位祭司帶領著一頭披著花環的母牛，準備進行祭祀。

But he focuses instead on what he can't see, on what the urn doesn't show.

但他更關注他看不見的，甕裡沒有呈現的部分。

They're heading to the little town from where they came.

他們正要回到他們來時的那個小鎮。

Like the bold lover can never kiss his maiden, this little town will forever remain desolate.

就像大膽的情人永遠吻不到他的少女一樣，這個小鎮將永遠保持荒涼。

And if the town and the altar don't exist, well, that means the people don't exist either.

如果小鎮和祭壇都不存在，那表示人們也不存在。

The speaker at this moment is being ripped from his reverie.

講者此刻正從他的幻想中被拉回。

All throughout the ode, he's looked to the urn, to art, to assuage his despair about life.

在整首 Ode 中，他一直仰賴著甕、仰賴著藝術，來舒緩他對生命的絕望。

In life trees wither, beauty and love fade, spring passes melodists weary, warmth cools the young age and finally die.

在現實中，樹木會枯萎，美麗與愛情會消逝，春天會過去，樂師會疲倦，溫暖會冷卻，年輕的生命最終會死亡。

But now this consolation has proven false.

但現在，這個慰藉被證明是虛假的。

See, in life things change and fade, but they're real.

看，在現實中，事物會改變、會消逝，但它們是真實的。

In art, things may be eternal, but they're lifeless.

在藝術中，事物或許永恆，但它們是沒有生命的。

O attic, shape fair attitude with breed of marble men and maidens overwrought with forest branches and the trodden weed.

噢，甕，你用大理石雕塑的男女，身上纏繞著森林的樹枝和被踩踏過的雜草，塑造出美麗的姿態。

Thou silent form dost tease us out of thought as doth eternity.

你這靜默的形態，像永恆一樣，引導我們超越思緒。

Cold pastoral when old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain in midst of other woe than ours, a friend to man to whom thou sayest, Beauty is truth, truth, beauty, that is all ye know on earth and all ye need to know.

你這冰冷的田園詩，當這世代老去消逝，你將在另一種悲傷中留存，成為人類的朋友，對我們說：「美即是真，真即是美，這就是你們在人間所知，所需要知道的一切。」

In the final stanza, the disenchanted speaker lifts out of the scenes on the urn to see this object for what it is.

在最後一節，幻滅的說話者將甕中的景象抽離，看清了這個器物本來的樣子。

A shape, a silent form, Bold lovers become marble men, unravished brides become overwrought maidens, happy boughs become forest branches, leaf fringe legends become trodden weeds.

一個形態，一個靜默的形態，勇敢的情人變成大理石人，未被玷汙的新娘變成過度雕琢的少女，快樂的樹枝變成森林的枝條，傳說的葉飾變成被踩踏的雜草。

All the imagery appears finally as a cold pastoral, as cold and lifeless as eternity.

所有意象最終都呈現為一首冰冷的田園詩，如同永恆一樣冰冷、毫無生氣。

Beauty, real beauty, is the truth of living.

美，真實的美，是生命的真諦。

What makes a thing precious is transience.

讓事物變得珍貴的是它的短暫。

What makes something valuable is the fact that we can and will lose it.

讓某樣東西有價值的，是我們能夠也即將失去它的事實。

That truth is the source of all our passion, our vitality, and it is itself beautiful.

那個真理是我們所有熱情、所有活力的來源，它本身就美麗。

Down here on the ever changing Earth, that is all we mortals need to know.

在這不斷變化的塵世間，這就是我們凡人所需要知道的一切。

This doesn't mean the urn is insignificant.

After all, it's the urn that gives us this message.

畢竟，是這個甕傳達了這個訊息給我們。

Or is it the speaker putting these words into the urn's mouth?

還是說，是詩中的敘述者將這些話放進了甕的口中？

Or is it Keats putting these words into both?

還是說，是濟慈將這些話放進了兩者之中？

At the end of this poem, a doubling occurs.

在這首詩的結尾，發生了雙重的疊加。

After the speaker lifts out of the urn, we lift out of the poem, recognizing that this ode has the same effect for us as the urn did for the speaker.

當敘述者從甕中超脫後，我們也從詩中超脫，意識到這首 Ode 對我們產生的作用，就像甕對敘述者一樣。

Keats's poem is our own sylvan historian, a perennial friend to man, surviving across generations to deliver its message to those of us who are temporarily lucky to be alive.

濟慈的詩就像我們的「Sylvan historian」，是人類永恆的朋友，跨越世代傳遞訊息給我們這些暫時幸運活著的人。

I just love reciting poetry, and I highly recommend that you do the same.

我就是喜歡朗誦詩歌，我非常推薦大家也這麼做。

It is the best way to connect with the poets that you love.

這是與你喜愛的詩人連結的最佳方式。

This episode was brought to you by Squarespace.

本集節目由 Squarespace 贊助播出。

If you don't know, you could use Squarespace to make websites for anything you might need.

如果你不知道，你可以用 Squarespace 來製作任何你需要的網站。

Want to make a site for your video content?

想為你的影音內容製作網站嗎？

Well, you can upload your video library directly to Squarespace and even sell access to that content.

沒錯，你可以直接將你的影音庫上傳到 Squarespace，甚至販售內容的觀看權限。

Or you can use the Squarespace Video Studio app to make pro level videos within Squarespace and host your content on beautiful pages designed with their easy to use blogging tools.

或者，你也可以使用 Squarespace Video Studio app 在 Squarespace 內製作專業級的影片，並將你的內容託管在設計精美的頁面上，這些頁面都是用他們易於使用的部落格工具製作的。

Basically, a Squarespace site is going to make whatever you're sharing or selling look professional, and

基本上，Squarespace 網站能讓你想分享或販售的任何東西看起來都很專業，而且

that's going to help you get the word out, whatever that word actually is.

這將有助於你傳播訊息，無論那個訊息是什麼。

Head over to squarespace.com for a free trial, and

when you're ready to Launch, go to squarespace.com nerdwriter for 10% off your first purchase.

當你準備好上線時，到 squarespace.com nerdwriter 購買，可享首購 9 折優惠。

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濟慈如何寫出《希臘古甕頌》？詩歌的誕生祕密大公開！ (How Keats Wrote "Ode To A Grecian Urn")

content

ritual

crave

doubt

濟慈如何寫出《希臘古甕頌》？ 詩歌的誕生祕密大公開！ (How Keats Wrote "Ode To A Grecian Urn")

content

ritual

crave

doubt

濟慈如何寫出《希臘古甕頌》？詩歌的誕生祕密大公開！ (How Keats Wrote "Ode To A Grecian Urn")