Name: C++ 100 秒精通！ (C++ in 100 Seconds)
Uploaded: 2025-12-29T14:54:06.000Z
Duration: 2 min 46 s

情態副詞

C A statically typed compiled programming language famous for its widespread use in software infrastructure and infamous for its steep learning curve.

C 是一種靜態型別的編譯式程式語言，以其廣泛的軟體基礎設施應用而聞名，同時也因為學習曲線陡峭而臭名昭彰。

基礎被動語態

It was created in 1979 by Bjorn Straustrup at AT&T Bell Labs.

它是由 Bjorn Straustrup 於 1979 年在 AT&T Bell Labs 所創立。

He was inspired by the object oriented nature of Simula, but

他受到 Simula 的物件導向特性的啟發，但

needed a language with a high performance of C, and

需要一種像 C 一樣高效能的語言，

It's designed as a superset of C, which means that virtually any C program is also a valid C program, but

它被設計成 C 的 superset，這意味著幾乎任何 C 程式也都是一個有效的 C 程式，但

it also adds zero overhead abstractions such as object oriented patterns like polymorph encapsulation and inheritance.

它也加入了 zero overhead abstractions，例如物件導向的 patterns，像是 polymorph encapsulation 和 inheritance。

Today it's used in a wide variety of systems with constrained memory demands like the Unreal Engine for AAA, video games, programs like Adobe After Effects that were used to edit this video databases like MySQL and MongoDB, embedded systems like the display on your smart toaster and is used to implement much of our low level infrastructure like language compilers and virtual machines.

如今，它被廣泛應用於各種記憶體需求受限的系統，例如用於 AAA 遊戲的 Unreal Engine、像 Adobe After Effects 這樣用於編輯這個影片的程式、MySQL 和 MongoDB 等資料庫、嵌入式系統，像是你 smart toaster 上的顯示器，並且被用來實現我們許多底層基礎設施，像是 language compilers 和 virtual machines。

It's so popular because it provides low level memory and hardware control like C, but

它之所以如此受歡迎，是因為它提供了像 C 一樣的 low level memory 和硬體控制，但

with high level abstractions like classes and smart pointers.

卻具備了 classes 和 smart pointers 等 high level abstractions。

C makes it harder to shoot yourself in the foot, but

when it'll blow your whole leg off to get started, install a C compiler like GCC or Clang, then create a file ending in cpp.

要開始時，請先安裝一個 C 編譯器，像是 GCC 或 Clang，然後建立一個副檔名為 cpp 的檔案。

Include iostream from the standard library to handle input and output.

匯入標準函式庫中的 iostream 來處理輸入和輸出。

Your code will start executing from the main function.

你的程式碼會從 main 函式開始執行。

To print hello world, we simply use standard character output followed by the bitwise shift left operator and a string literal.

要印出 hello world，我們直接使用標準字元輸出，後面接著位元移位左運算子和字串常值。

We can get rid of this stb though by adding a namespace to the top of the file.

不過，我們可以透過在檔案頂端加上命名空間來移除這個 stb。

Now, if we want to create a string variable, we can do so by typing it as an array of characters.

現在，如果我們要建立一個字串變數，可以透過將它寫成字元陣列來達成。

However, if we include string from the standard library, we we can use the string type instead.

然而，如果我們匯入標準函式庫中的 string，我們就可以改用 string 型別。

The real game changer though, is the fact that C supports object oriented programming with classes.

真正改變遊戲規則的是，C 支援帶有 classes 的物件導向程式設計。

A class is just a blueprint for an object inside a class.

Class 就像是 class 內物件的藍圖。

You can define attributes and methods that will be private by default, or make them public by adding them under the public specifier.

你可以在 class 裡定義預設為 private 的屬性與方法，或者在 public specifier 下加入來設為 public。

It's also possible to define methods outside the class definition using a double colon.

我們也可以在 class 定義之外，使用雙冒號來定義方法。

Methods can also be defined multiple times with different parameters, which is known as overloading and is a form of polymorphism.

方法也可以用不同的參數定義多次，這就叫做 overloading，是一種多型。

In addition, we can define constructors and destructors to run code when an object is created or destroyed.

此外，我們還可以定義建構子與解構子，在物件建立或銷毀時執行程式碼。

Classes also support inheritance, allowing developers to more efficiently share logic throughout a program.

Class 也支援 inheritance，讓開發者能更有效率地在程式碼中共享邏輯。

To instantiate an object, type the class name followed by the name of your object, and

要實例化一個物件，請輸入 class 名稱，接著是你的物件名稱，

optionally any parameters for the constructor.

以及選擇性地加入建構子的參數。

When it comes to memory, we could manage everything manually with pointers and references.

說到記憶體，我們可以用指標和參考手動管理一切。

However, tools like uniqueptr can get the job done in a way that's easier and safer by ensuring that only one object can be allocated to memory.

不過，像 uniqueptr 這樣的工具，可以更輕鬆、更安全地完成工作，確保記憶體中只能配置一個物件。

Now, to run your code, open up the terminal and use a tool like Clang to compile it.

現在，要執行你的程式碼，請開啟終端機，並使用 Clang 這類工具來編譯它。

This has been C in 100 seconds, hit the like button button and subscribe.

這就是 C 語言 in 100 seconds，請按下喜歡按鈕並訂閱。

If you want to see more short videos like this.

如果你想看更多這類的短影片。

Thanks for watching and I will see you in the next one.