Name: 醫學院四年全解析！(2026年終極指南) (4 Years of Medical School Explained (2026 Guide))
Uploaded: 2025-12-14T17:54:11.000Z
Duration: 8 min 18 s

情態副詞

Four years stand between you and your MD.

But what actually happens during those four years?

但這四年到底會發生什麼事呢？

Dr. Jubbal medschoolinsiders.com Most pre meds have no idea what they're signing up for.

Dr. Jubbal medschoolinsiders.com 大部分的 pre meds 都不知道他們在報名什麼。

They know medical school is hard, but they don't know how.

他們知道醫學院很難，但不知道難在哪裡。

Each year will test them differently when the stress peaks or which year will be the best and worst of their lives.

每年都會有不同的考驗，壓力高峰期會是什麼時候，哪一年會是他們人生中最美好也最艱難的。

By the end of this video, you'll know exactly what to expect during each year of medical school.

看完這支影片，你就會清楚知道醫學院每一年會發生什麼事。

When from the radical adjustment of first year to the chaos of match day in fourth year, first year will be the most radical transition of your life.

從一年級的劇烈轉變到四年級的 match day 混亂，一年級將是你人生中最劇烈的過渡期。

現在，醫學院的嚴格考驗即將開始。

New study demands, new pace, new pressure.

新的學習要求、新的步調、新的壓力。

Once you adjust, first year offers the most free time you'll have in all of medical school.

一旦你適應了，一年級會是你醫學院裡最自由的時間。

This is your year to figure out your study strategies, find your routines, optimize efficiency and effectiveness, and

這是你摸索學習策略、找到日常習慣、優化效率和成效的一年，

It's also the time to figure out whether those friends are people you can actually study with.

同時也是你弄清楚這些朋友是否真的能一起讀書的時機。

Sometimes your closest friends are more distracting than motivating.

有時候你最親近的朋友反而會讓你分心，而不是激勵你。

You'll remember the middle and end of first year as some of the best times in medical school.

你會記得一年級的中段和尾聲是醫學院裡最美好的時光。

The stress is comparatively low, you have more free time and you're bonding with people who could become lifelong friends.

壓力相對較小，你有更多空閒時間，也能和未來可能成為一輩子朋友的人建立連結。

The courses are intense, from anatomy to various organ systems, physiology, but

課程很紮實，從解剖學到各種器官系統、生理學，但

they're the foundation for everything that follows.

Master them now because you'll need this knowledge for Step one and beyond.

現在就好好掌握它們，因為你在一戰（Step one）及之後都會需要這些知識。

Second year is when the intensity increases and it all builds toward one critical exam.

到了二年級，課程強度會增加，一切都將朝向一個關鍵考試邁進。

USMLE Step 1 Step 1 is now pass fail, which means you just need to pass.

USMLE Step 1 現在是通過/不通過制，也就是你只需要通過就好。

Residency programs may not see your Step one score, but they will know if you failed.

住院醫師計畫可能看不到你的 Step 1 成績，但他們會知道你是否不及格。

Don't risk failing Step one simply because you think it'll be easy.

別因為覺得 Step 1 簡單就冒險去不及格。

USMLE Step one is also the foundation for USMLE Step two ck, which is the most crucial exam of your medical career and that occurs at the end or after third year.

USMLE Step 1 也是 USMLE Step 2 CK 的基礎，這是你醫學生涯中最關鍵的考試，發生在三年級的尾聲或之後。

Step one Test the culmination of your entire first two years.

Step 1 考試是你前兩年學習的總結。

All the basic sciences, pathology, pharmacology and foundational medical knowledge you've been learning.

所有基礎科學、病理學、藥理學以及你一直在學習的醫學基礎知識。

The lead up period during regular coursework where you reinforce concepts using resources like Anki and uworld, and

第一個階段是在正規課程期間，利用 Anki 和 uworld 等資源來加強概念，

the dedicated period when you go all out.

第二個階段是全力衝刺的準備期。

Of course, aim to pass Step one on your first attempt to keep yourself on track, keep residency options open, and

當然，目標是在第一次嘗試時就通過 Step 1，以確保你的進度，保持住院醫師的選擇機會，並

establish the foundation that you will build on for Step two and third year.

打下你將在 Step 2 和三年級的基礎。

Remember, Step one lays a foundation on which your knowledge for clinical shelf exams and USMLE step 2 CK will build.

請記住，Step 1 為你臨床科考試和 USMLE Step 2 CK 的知識打下基礎。

If you have a stronger foundation on step 1, you're much more likely to perform better on shelf exams and step 2ms.

如果你在 Step 1 打下更紮實的基礎，你在臨床科考試和 Step 2 考試的表現就更有可能更好。

Two is also when you should start thinking about which specialty you want to pursue.

第二個階段也是你應該開始思考想往哪個次專科發展的時候。

While you don't need to make your final decision until end of third year, when you begin applying to away rotations, that will occur at the beginning of fourth year, the sooner you start researching and determining what specialty you want, the better.

雖然你不需要在三年級結束前做出最終決定，也就是開始申請外地臨床實習（away rotations）的時候，那會發生在四年級初期，但越早開始研究和確定你想走的次專科，對你越好。

The specialty you choose determines everything from the Step two scores you'll need to how much research to pursue to whether you need to shoot for honor society status.

你選擇的次專科會決定一切，從你需要的 Step 2 分數，到你需要投入多少研究，再到你是否需要爭取榮譽學會資格。

Check out specialtyquiz.com to discover which specialties align with your interests and strengths.

可以看看 specialtyquiz.com，找出哪些次專科符合你的興趣和專長。

Third year brings the clinical reality check.

第三年帶來了臨床的現實檢驗。

Most students love it, some students hate it.

大部分學生都很喜歡，有些學生則很討厭。

但對每個人來說，這都是一個適應的過程。

3 marks the beginning of your clinical years.

While the first two years focused on classroom learning, called the preclinical years, the latter two are primarily spent in hospitals and clinics.

雖然前兩年專注於課堂學習，稱為臨床前階段（preclinical years），但後兩年主要在醫院和診所度過。

This is what you came to medical school for to take care of actual patients.

這就是你來醫學院的目的，照顧真正的病人。

Clinical rotations are particularly challenging because you're not just studying books and taking tests anymore.

臨床輪替特別有挑戰性，因為你不再只是讀書考試了。

Most of your waking hours are spent in the hospital or clinic, and

你大部分清醒的時間都會在醫院或診所度過，而且

your evaluations from residents and attendings hold tremendous weight in your overall grade.

你的住院醫師和主治醫師的評價對你的總成績有很大的影響。

Third year is when you figure out what kind of doctor you want to be.

到了三年級，你就會弄清楚自己想成為什麼樣的醫生。

You'll discover which specialties energize you and which ones drain you.

你會發現哪些專科讓你充滿活力，哪些又讓你筋疲力盡。

Every medical student must complete core rotations like internal medicine, family medicine, general surgery, psychiatry, neurology, pediatrics, and

每個醫學生都必須完成核心輪替，像是內科、家醫科、一般外科、精神科、神經科、兒科，還有

Each rotation typically lasts four to eight weeks.

每個輪替通常會持續四到八週。

Your clinical hours are long and start very early.

你的臨床時數很長，而且很早就開始。

You're presenting patients, writing notes, and trying to impress evaluators while simultaneously studying for shelf exams.

你要向醫師報告病患狀況、寫病歷，同時還要努力給評估者留下好印象，並準備期末考。

Shelf exams are taken at the end of each block, and

期末考會在每個學習階段結束時舉行，

you can think of them as excerpts from or miniature versions of step 2 CK exams, which are focused on just your rotation.

你可以把這些考試想成是 Step 2 CK 考試的節錄或迷你版，只針對你當前的輪調科別。

If you combined all of your shelf exams together, you'd essentially get a step 2 CK exam.

如果把所有的期末考加起來，基本上就等於一次 Step 2 CK 考試。

And here's the added challenge you're also preparing for USMLE step 2 CK, which has become the single most crucial standardized test score for matching into residency programs, use step 2 CK as the primary objective metric to screen and compare thousands of applicants.

還有一個額外的挑戰是，你同時也在準備 USMLE Step 2 CK，這已經成為申請住院醫師最關鍵的標準化考試成績，用 Step 2 CK 作為篩選和比較數千名申請者的主要客觀指標。

Top specialties like dermatology and orthopedic surgery.

熱門的專科像是皮膚科和骨科手術。

Now average step two scores of 257 students take step two CK at the end of third year or early fourth year.

現在平均 Step 2 成績是 257 分，學生會在三年級末或四年級初考 Step 2 CK。

But third year doesn't just end with step two.

It's also when you start preparing your residency application.

這也是你開始準備住院醫師申請的時候。

While you won't submit until September of fourth year, the groundwork begins now.

雖然你得等到四年級九月才會送出申請，但準備工作現在就得開始了。

Securing letters of recommendation, drafting your personal statement, and finalizing your application materials.

像是爭取推薦信、撰寫個人陳述，以及準備好申請資料。

Balancing clinical rotations, shelf exams, evaluations and step 2 CK preparation makes third year one of the most demanding years of medical school.

同時應付臨床實習、科別考試、評量還有 Step 2 CK 的準備，讓三年級成為醫學院中最具挑戰的時期之一。

Also, keep in mind that between third and fourth year, some students choose to take a gap year in order to focus on research, especially if they're interested in highly competitive specialties which have ballooned in research expectations.

另外，也要記得，在三年級和四年級之間，有些學生會選擇休學一年來專心做研究，特別是如果他們對競爭激烈的專科有興趣，因為這些專科對研究的要求已經大幅提高。

You can see the full list of all specialties and their average number of research items from present day all the way back to 2014@specialtyrank.com I guarantee you'll be surprised at how much it's increased over the last handful of years.

你可以在 @specialtyrank.com 看到所有專科及其平均研究項目數量的完整列表，從現在到 2014 年都有，我保證你會驚訝於過去幾年來研究數量的增加幅度。

While everyone says fourth year is smooth sailing, that's only partially true.

雖然大家說四年級是一帆風順，但這只對了一半。

The first half of fourth year is arguably the most challenging part of the entire medical training process, especially if you're going into a competitive specialty.

四年級的上半段，可以說是整個醫學訓練過程中，最具挑戰的部分，特別是如果你想進入競爭激烈的專科。

Two things make it brutal sub internships and your residency application.

兩件事讓這段時間特別難熬：sub internships 和你的住院醫師申請。

Sub internships, also called audition rotations, are fourth year rotations in your specialty of interest that you perform at either your home institute or at other institutions anywhere in the country.

Sub internships，也稱為 audition rotations，是四年級時在你感興趣的專科進行的輪調，你可以在你自己的學校或全國其他地方的機構進行。

Most students will perform a few audition rotations early in fourth year when they're not at your home institution, they're called away rotations.

大部分學生會在四年級初期進行幾次 audition rotations，如果你不在你自己的學校，這些就叫做 away rotations。

You're essentially performing a month long interview and doing your best trying to perform like an intern, meaning a first year resident.

你基本上是在進行一個為期一個月的面試，並盡力表現得像一個 intern，也就是第一年的住院醫師。

You have to be on your best behavior every single day and try to add value to your team.

你每天都必須表現得最好，並努力為你的團隊增加價值。

Medical students apply to residency through ERAs, the electronic residency Application Service.

醫學院學生透過 ERAS，也就是 electronic residency Application Service，來申請住院醫師。

The application typically opens around September 15th and includes your personal statement, letters of recommendation, and

申請通常在 9 月 15 日左右開放，內容包含你的個人陳述、推薦信，以及

In many ways, it mirrors your medical school application.

在很多方面，這跟你的醫學院申請很像。

Some specialties also require a supplemental application, which is similar to secondaries in med school, except this time there's one standardized set of questions per specialty rather than individualized prompts for every single program.

有些專科還需要 supplemental application，這跟醫學院的 secondaries 差不多，只是這次是每個專科有一套標準化的問題，而不是針對每個計畫的個別提示。

Interview season runs from October to February.

You'll need to meet with programs across the country to determine where you want to spend the next three to seven years of your life.

你需要和全國各地的計畫面談，來決定你未來三到七年要在哪裡度過。

At the end of February, you submit your rank list.

二月底時，你會提交你的排序名單。

You don't get accepted by programs in the traditional sense.

你不是以傳統的方式被計畫錄取。

Instead, both applicants and programs submit rank lists.

取而代之的是，申請者和計畫都會提交排序名單。

An algorithm runs, and a month later, around mid March, is Match Day.

一個演算法會執行，一個月後，大約在三月中旬，就是 Match Day。

We covered how the match algorithm works and what to expect on Match Day in previous videos linked in the description.

我們在說明欄裡的先前影片中，已經講過 match algorithm 的運作方式以及 Match Day 的預期。

Match Day is one of the most intense experiences in medicine.

Match Day 是醫學中最緊張的經驗之一。

You open your envelope with the rest of your classmates during a grand ceremony.

你會在盛大的典禮上，和你的同學們一起打開你的信封。

Inside is the program you'll be training with for the next three to seven years of your life.

裡面是你未來三到七年將在哪裡訓練的計畫。