Name: 隱藏的風景：湖區的羅馬人 (Hidden Landscapes: The Romans in the Lake District)
Uploaded: 2025-10-15T18:09:49.000Z
Duration: 5 min 44 s

The Lake District has been celebrated for hundreds of years.

This dramatic landscape is a place where people can find relaxation, adventure and inspiration.

這片戲劇性的景觀，是人們尋求放鬆、冒險和靈感的地方。

For 300 years, it was a frontier of the Roman Empire.

三百年來，這裡是羅馬帝國的邊境。

The Romans invaded Britain in AD 43 and and one of the ways in which they established their control was building a network of fortifications and roads.

羅馬人在公元43年入侵不列顛，他們建立控制權的方式之一就是建造堡壘和道路網絡。

In AD 90, they were pushing that network into the heart of the Lake District.

公元90年，他們將這個網絡推進到湖區的核心地帶。

Today, English heritage cares for three forts that guarded a road that connected this area to the rest of the Roman Empire.

如今，English Heritage 負責管理三個堡壘，這些堡壘守衛著一條將此地區與羅馬帝國其他地方連接起來的道路。

The garrisons in these forts were instrumental in controlling the local area, and

這些堡壘的駐軍在控制當地區域方面發揮了重要作用，並且

they also established communities that were going to be here for the better part of three centuries.

他們還建立了將在此地延續近三個世紀的社區。

Raven Glass is a small coastal village on the western fringe of the Lake District.

瑞文格拉斯是湖區西部邊緣的一個小型海濱村莊。

But hidden in the woods is an amazing survival.

但藏在樹林裡的是一個令人驚豔的遺跡。

The beautifully preserved remains of a Roman bath house.

Now all that remains of a Roman fort and town.

現在這裡只剩下羅馬堡壘和城鎮的殘跡。

The Romans built a fort at Ravenglass in about AD130, at a time when the Emperor Hadrian was consolidating the troublesome frontiers of his vast empire.

大約在公元130年，哈德良皇帝為了鞏固廣闊帝國裡那些令人頭痛的邊境，在瑞文格拉斯建立了一座堡壘。

The soldiers stationed here monitored coastal trade and guarded a small natural harbour at the mouth of the River Esk.

這裡的駐軍監控著海濱貿易，並守衛著埃斯克河口的一個小型天然港口。

And for over 250 years, they controlled access to the start of a road, the only viable route into the heart of the Lake District.

而且兩百五十多年來，他們控制著一條通往湖區核心地的唯一可行路線的起點。

Originally, this bathhouse would have had spaces to change and a suite of warm and hot rooms where bathers could relax in the heat, and

最初，這個浴場會有更衣空間和一系列溫熱房間，沐浴者可以在這裡享受溫暖，

also probably a cold room where they could refresh after working up a sweat.

也可能會有冷水房，讓他們在流汗後恢復活力。

Today, four of those rooms still stand to the astonishing height of 4 meters.

如今，其中四個房間仍然矗立著，高達驚人的4公尺。

Bathing together in a bathhouse like this was a signature part of being a Roman here on the edge of Empire.

在這樣的浴場裡一起沐浴，是身處帝國邊緣的羅馬人的一種標誌性生活方式。

The garrison were going through the same routine as those living in forts, villas and towns across the Empire and even in Rome itself.

駐軍和住在帝國各地堡壘、別墅和城鎮，甚至羅馬本身的人們，都過著同樣的例行生活。

As we move further inland, we reach Hard Knock, one of the best preserved Roman forts in Britain.

當我們往內陸走，就會來到哈德諾克，這是英國保存最完好的羅馬堡壘之一。

By sighting a fort here in full view of people coming up the valley, the Romans were making a real statement of their power.

在這裡就能看到整個山谷來往的人們，羅馬人藉由設置堡壘，展現了他們真正的權力。

Hardenot was home to a garrison of 500 soldiers from Dalmatia in the Balkans.

哈登諾特曾是來自巴爾幹半島達爾馬提亞的500名阿兵哥的駐軍所在地。

They were protected by its imposing walls.

They practiced for war on a parade ground hewn out of the rock and escaped the cold in the fort's warm bathhouse.

他們在從岩石中開鑿出的閱兵場上練習作戰，並在堡壘溫暖的浴場裡躲避寒冷。

Although the garrison had laboured hard to create a life here, the fort was abandoned after only about 20 years, probably due to the fact that after control had been established, Hardknot was no longer needed.

儘管駐軍辛勤勞動在此地建立生活，但堡壘僅使用了約20年就被廢棄，這可能是因為在建立控制權後，哈德諾特已不再需要。

Despite Hardknot's short life, its sublime setting provokes the imagination.

儘管哈德諾特的歷史不長，但其絕美的景色能激發人們的想像。

It's so unexpected to discover a fort in such an inaccessible location.

在如此難以到達的地點發現一座堡壘，真是出乎意料。

And it's prompted painters and poets to really think hard about what life was like for the people that once lived here.

這也促使畫家和詩人認真思考，曾經住在這裡的人們生活是什麼樣子的。

And you really come away filled with a sense of the richness of the Roman past.

你真的會對羅馬輝煌的過去充滿想像。

We started at Raven Glass on the coast and followed the Roman road up into the Lake District via the Hard Knock Pass.

我們從海岸的 Raven Glass 開始，沿著羅馬道路，經過 Hard Knock Pass，進入湖區。

We're now standing at its eastern end at a fort called Ambleside.

我們現在正站在東端的 Ambleside 堡壘。

The Romans built a fort here under hadrian in the AD120s, and

羅馬人在公元 120 年代，哈德良皇帝時期在這裡建造了堡壘，

it's easy to see why they chose this location.

很容易就能明白他們為何選擇這個地點。

Not only is it connected by a road to Raven Glass, but

also at a point where that road connected to another that led to the north and eventually to the forts of Hadrian's Wall.

而且這條路還連接到另一條通往北方的道路，最終通往哈德良長城的堡壘。

A traveller embarking upon a boat here would be able to sail down Lake Windermere, then by the river, moves southwards to the sea.

在這裡啟程的旅人，可以沿著溫德米爾湖航行，然後經由河流向南抵達大海。

The fort can be hard to spot initially, as the remains of its outer walls lie buried.

堡壘一開始可能不太容易發現，因為外牆的遺跡都埋在地下。

So do the visible remains of its many barrack buildings and the large settlement that grew up around the fort.

許多營房建築和圍繞堡壘發展起來的大型聚落的遺跡也同樣埋藏著。

However, the most important buildings in the fort, the buildings of the central range, are still really well preserved.

不過，這座堡壘裡最重要的建築，也就是中央區的建築，保存得還是非常完好。

These were the most important buildings to the soldiers, and

這些是阿兵哥們最重要的建築，

they're the same buildings that were in every fort across the Empire.

而且它們也是羅馬帝國裡每座堡壘都有的建築。

The large granaries are testament to the complex logistics and trade networks that kept the garrison supplied.

巨大的穀倉證明瞭供應駐軍所需的複雜後勤和貿易網絡。

The many rooms of the commander's once lavish house are a reminder that fine living was demanded by the Roman elite.

指揮官曾經奢華的宅邸中有許多房間，提醒我們羅馬精英階層對優渥生活的要求。

Even here at an outpost of Empire the Principia, the headquarters building still lies at the heart of the fort.

即使在這個帝國的邊緣，作為總部建築的 Principia 仍然位於堡壘的中心。

Soldiers would have come to its courtyard to receive orders or to mingle.

阿兵哥們會來到這裡的庭院接收命令或交流。

Behind that was a basilica where Roman law and religion were practiced.

後面是巴西利卡，羅馬法律和宗教在此實踐。

And you can still step down into a sunken chamber.

你還可以走進一個下陷的房間。

A treasury that once held the soldiers pay, protected by the gods, the sacred shrine above.

一個曾經存放阿兵哥薪餉的國庫，上方是神聖的聖壇，受到眾神的保護。

These three forts really exemplify the lengths to which the Romans went to exert their rule over Britain.

這三個堡壘真能體現羅馬人為了統治不列顛所付出的努力。

Ambleside and Ravenglass in particular were thriving communities for the better part of three centuries.

特別是安布爾賽德和蘭維格拉斯，在三個世紀的大部分時間裡都是蓬勃發展的社區。

The forts are great survivors remind us that a deep and rich Roman legacy here is waiting to be explored.

這些堡壘是偉大的倖存者，提醒我們這裡深厚豐富的羅馬遺產正等待我們去探索。

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隱藏的風景：湖區的羅馬人 (Hidden Landscapes: The Romans in the Lake District)

thrive

practice

elite

demand