Name: 如何成為一名醫生（完整流程詳解） (How to Become a Doctor (Complete Process Explained))
Uploaded: 2025-10-13T18:17:00.000Z
Duration: 14 min 38 s

We've created hundreds of videos on the various aspects of becoming a doctor, including detailed how to guides on each specific component of the medical school application process.

我們製作了數百支影片，涵蓋成為醫生的各個面向，包括醫學院申請流程中每個特定環節的詳細教學。

This time, we're attempting to explain the entire process of becoming a doctor in 14 minutes.

這次，我們要試著在 14 分鐘內解釋完成為醫生的整個過程。

Dr. Jubbal medschoolinsiders.com becoming a doctor is a complex and difficult process.

Jubbal 醫師 medschoolinsiders.com 成為醫生是一個複雜且艱難的過程。

There are so many different pieces, training steps, and

有太多不同的環節、訓練步驟，以及

years of hard work to get you to that shiny medical license at the end of the Rainbo first, let's break down the three phases of becoming a doctor.

多年的努力才能讓你獲得最終那張閃亮的醫師執照，首先，讓我們來拆解成為醫生的三個階段。

The first step is acquiring a college degree along with the necessary prerequisites for medical school.

第一步是取得大學學位，以及醫學院所需的先修課程。

This typically includes biology, general chemistry, organic chemistry, physics, English, and math.

這通常包括生物學、普通化學、有機化學、物理學、英文和數學。

Certain schools may require or recommend other courses such as biochemistry, genetics, physiology or anatomy, behavioral science, humanities, or computer science.

有些學校可能會要求或建議其他課程，例如生物化學、遺傳學、生理學或解剖學、行為科學、人文科學，或計算機科學。

Your bachelor's degree can be in anything from microbiology to physics to mathematics to film history.

你的學士學位可以是任何科系，從微生物學到物理學、數學，再到電影史。

As long as you complete the necessary prerequisites to apply to medical school, your specific degree doesn't matter.

只要你完成了申請醫學院所需的先修課程，你的具體學位是什麼並不重要。

But since there's so much overlap in prerequisite courses, nearly 60% of students who apply to medical school choose to major in biological sciences.

不過因為先修課程的重疊性很高，將近有六成的醫學院申請者，都會選擇主修生物科學。

Generally speaking, your college degree will last four years.

一般來說，你的大學學位會是四年制的。

During that time, traditionally at the end of your third year, also known as junior year, you'll begin applying to medical school.

在這段期間，通常在你大三結束時，也就是你即將申請醫學院的時候。

This is a lengthy and tedious process, which we'll cover in more detail later in this video.

這是一個漫長又繁瑣的過程，我們會在影片後面更詳細地介紹。

This is also when you'll take the Medical College Admissions Test, better known as the mcat.

這也是你考醫學院入學考試 (MCAT) 的時候。

這部分我們也會在影片後面再多說一些。

After graduating from college and gaining an acceptance to medical school, you'll move on to the four years of medical school training.

大學畢業並獲得醫學院錄取後，你就要進入四年的醫學院訓練。

Medical school is broken into two parts, your preclinical years and clinical years.

醫學院分為兩個階段，也就是基礎醫學課程和臨床醫學課程。

The first two years, known as your preclinical years, you'll spend primarily in the classroom, building your medical knowledge.

前兩年是基礎醫學課程，你會主要在教室裡學習，建立你的醫學知識。

Years three and four are known as your clinical years.

第三年和第四年則是臨床醫學課程。

During this time, you'll rotate through various clerkships, including family medicine, pediatrics, internal medicine, neurology, general surgery, and

這段時間你會輪調不同的臨床實習，包括家庭醫學、小兒科、內科、神經學、一般外科和

By third year, you'll need to begin making decisions about what medical specialty you want to pursue so that you're prepared to apply to to residency.

到了大三，你就要開始決定想走哪個醫學次專科，這樣才能準備好申請住院醫師。

Our so youo Want to Be playlist breaks down the pros and cons of every medical specialty to help you choose the best career path for you.

我們的「你想成為什麼」播放清單會詳細介紹每個醫學次專科的優缺點，幫助你選擇最適合你的職涯道路。

Link in the Description during medical school, you'll need to complete the first two parts of the three part United States Medical Licensure Exam, also known as USMLE.

連結在說明欄。在醫學院期間，你需要完成美國醫師執照考試（USMLE）三部分中的前兩部分。

USMLE Step 1 and USMLE Step 2 CK are both mammoth exams that require a great deal of studying, even though Step one is now pass fail.

USMLE Step 1 和 USMLE Step 2 CK 都是非常龐大的考試，需要大量準備，即使 Step 1 現在是通過/不通過制。

While this does make things easier, it also puts even greater importance on Step two, the results of which factor greatly in your competitiveness for residency.

雖然這讓事情變容易了，但這也讓 Step 2 的重要性更加提升，其成績會大大影響你申請住院醫師的競爭力。

In the fall of your fourth year of medical school, you'll apply to residency and go through yet another lengthy application process.

在醫學院大四的秋天，你會申請住院醫師，並經歷另一個漫長的申請過程。

最後一個階段是住院醫師訓練。

While you'll technically be a doctor after graduating from medical school to be a fully trained board certified physician, you'll need to complete residency and pass your specialty specific boards along that route.

雖然醫學院畢業後你技術上已經是醫生了，但要成為一名訓練完整、通過專科認證的醫師，你還需要完成住院醫師訓練，並通過相關的專科醫師考試。

During your first year of residency, also known as your intern year, you'll take USMLE Step three and after finishing Intern year and passing Step three, you'll be able to get your medical license, meaning you can now legally prescribe medications.

在住院醫師訓練的第一年，也就是實習年，你會考 USMLE Step 3，通過實習年並考過 Step 3 後，你就能拿到醫師執照，這代表你現在可以合法開立處方了。

If you wanted to work in urgent care or pursue another less specialized or less traditional route, you could just get your medical license after one year of residency and be done.

如果你想去急診室工作，或是走其他比較不專精或比較傳統的路線，你可以在完成一年的住院醫師訓練後就拿到醫師執照，然後就結束了。

But the overwhelming majority of medical school graduates complete residency and get board certified.

但絕大多數醫學院畢業生都會完成住院醫師訓練並取得專科認證。

The length of residency is completely dependent on the specialty you choose.

住院醫師訓練的長度完全取決於你選擇的專科。

Training can vary from three years, such as with family medicine and pediatrics, up to seven years for neurosurgery.

訓練時間從三年不等，像是家庭醫學和兒科，最長可達七年，像是神經外科。

Depending on the specialty you're interested in, you may also need to complete a fellowship after residency.

根據你感興趣的專科，你可能還需要在住院醫師訓練後完成進階訓練。

These can last anywhere from one to three years.

這些進階訓練可能從一年到三年不等。

For example, if you want to be a gastroenterologist, you'll first need to complete an internal medicine residency, followed by a gastroenterologist fellowship.

例如，如果你想成為腸胃科醫師，你必須先完成內科住院醫師訓練，然後再進行腸胃科的進階訓練。

Now that we've covered the basics, let's swing back to better understand the complete medical school application process as it's one of the most tedious and difficult steps to becoming a doctor.

既然我們已經講完基本概念了，讓我們回頭來更瞭解完整的醫學院申請流程，因為這是成為醫師過程中，最繁瑣也最困難的步驟之一。

The medical school application process consists of three major steps, the primary application, the secondary application, and interviews.

醫學院申請流程包含三個主要步驟：初階申請、二階申請，以及面試。

The primary application is further broken down into your gpa, MCAT score, personal statement, letters of recommendation, and

初階申請會進一步細分為你的平均成績 (GPA)、MCAT 成績、個人陳述、推薦信，以及

The primary application is submitted through AMCAS or the American Medical College Application Service, which submits your primary application to the medical schools you select.

初階申請是透過 AMCAS，也就是美國醫學院申請服務來提交，它會將你的初階申請提交給你選擇的醫學院。

If you are applying to osteopathic programs in the hope of becoming a doctor of osteopathy or a D.O.

如果你是申請骨科醫學課程，希望成為骨科醫師或 D.O.，

you'll use AA comas or the American association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine Application Service.

你會使用 AACOMAS，也就是美國骨科醫學院申請服務。

If you're applying to medical schools in Texas, the vast majority of these schools also use their own application service called TMD SAS or the Texas Medical and Dental Schools Application Service.

如果你是申請德州的醫學院，這些學校絕大多數也使用自己的申請服務，稱為 TMDSAS，也就是德州醫牙學院申請服務。

While nearly identical processes, there are subtle differences.

雖然流程幾乎相同，但仍有細微差異。

Learn more from our guide linked in the Description the amcas, AA comas and TMD SAS applications usually open in the first week of May for the following year's medical school class.

從我們在說明欄連結的指南中瞭解更多資訊，AMCAS、AACOMAS 和 TMDSAS 申請通常在五月的 முதல் 週開放給下一年的醫學院班級。

You'll have about a month to prepare the application, as submissions don't open until the end of May, May or early June, for example.

你大約有一個月的時間準備申請，因為提交申請要到五月底、五月或六月初才會開放。

If you want to begin medical school in the fall of 2026, you'll submit your application in the spring of 2025.

如果你想在 2026 年秋季開始醫學院的學習，你將在 2025 年春季提交申請。

While you can technically submit an application for medical school much later, applying early is one of the most important tips for gaining acceptance.

雖然你理論上可以晚點提交醫學院申請，但提早申請是獲得錄取最重要的祕訣之一。

First, your GPA or grade point average is a hard metric admissions committees use to gauge your level of preparedness for medical school.

首先，你的 GPA 或平均成績是招生委員會用來衡量你對醫學院準備程度的硬指標。

If you struggled to achieve strong grades throughout college, ADCOMs will doubt your ability to the rigors of medical school.

如果你在大學期間的成績不太理想，招生委員會將會質疑你應對醫學院嚴苛挑戰的能力。

Each school has their own cutoffs and expectations.

每間學校都有自己的標準和期望。

The best way to determine if your score is good enough is by using msar, the Medical School Admission Requirements, an online database that provides average GPA and MCAT scores for all matriculants across the us.

要判斷你的分數是否夠好，最好的方法是使用 msar，也就是「Medical School Admission Requirements」，這是一個線上資料庫，提供全美所有錄取學生的平均 GPA 和 MCAT 成績。

Next we have the MCAT or the Medical College Admission Test, which is a grueling seven and a half hour test that all medical school applicants must take.

接下來是 MCAT，也就是「Medical College Admission Test」，這是一項長達七個半小時的艱苦考試，所有醫學院申請者都必須參加。

It's broken down into four distinct sections covering everything from chemistry to physics to psychology to biology to critical thinking.

它分為四個獨立的單元，涵蓋從化學、物理到心理學、生物學以及批判性思維的所有內容。

It's considered one of, if not the most challenging aspects of applying to medical school.

這被認為是申請醫學院最具挑戰性的部分之一，如果不是最難的話。

While it's possible to take the MCAT more than once, preparing for it takes an incredible amount of time and effort.

雖然 MCAT 可以考不止一次，但準備它需要投入大量時間和精力。

Retaking the MCAT means you have less time available for all the other crucial aspects of your application.

重考 MCAT 意味著你將有更少的時間投入申請的其他重要環節。

One of the most important decisions you'll make about MCAT prep is what study resources to use.

關於 MCAT 準備，你做出的最重要的決定之一就是使用哪些學習資源。

Success on the MCAT is not based on your intelligence, but

MCAT 的成功並非取決於你的智力，

rather on the quality of your resources and study techniques.

而是取決於你的資源品質和學習技巧。

The all new Med School Insiders MCAT course is your one stop shop for everything you need to ace the mcat.

全新的 Med School Insiders MCAT 課程是你準備 ace MCAT 的一站式解決方案。

The course was created by a team of doctors who each scored in the 100th percentile, including yours truly.

這門課程是由一群考到百分之百的醫生團隊創建的，包括我本人。

It includes gold standard content, three full length and two half length practice tests, end of module questions and one on one guidance.

它包含黃金標準的內容、三個全場和兩個半場的模擬測驗、模組結束的考題以及一對一的指導。

Plus it now comes with the industry's first ever honest 510 score guarantee, meaning if you don't score a 510 or higher, we'll give you your money back.

此外，現在還提供業界首創的誠實 510 分保證，意即如果你沒有考到 510 分或更高，我們將退還你的錢。

And on top of that, we also offer a 10 day 100% money back guarantee.

而且，我們還提供 10 天 100% 退款保證。

Learn more at medschoolinsiders.com MCAT students can decide when they want to take the MCAT.

請到 medschoolinsiders.com 瞭解更多資訊，MCAT 學生可以自行決定何時參加 MCAT。

It's frequently taken in junior year, but we strategically recommend most, but

這門考試通常在大學三年級時考，但我們建議大多數學生在大學二年級和三年級之間的暑假考 MCAT。

not all students take the MCAT during the summer between sophomore and junior year.

不過，如果你計畫在大學和醫學院之間空出一年，這越來越普遍，建議你在大學三年級和四年級之間的暑假考 MCAT。

If, however, you plan on taking a gap year between college and medical school, which is becoming more and more common, it's recommended to take the MCAT during the summer between your junior and senior year.

The next component is your personal statement.

這是一篇 5300 字的短文，回答「你為什麼想當醫生？」這個問題。

It's a 5300 character essay response to the question why do you want to be a doctor?

雖然只是一篇短文，但它在展現醫學院眼中你在成績和考試分數之外的個人特質上，有著舉足輕重的地位。

While only a short essay, it holds considerable weight in showing medical schools who you are behind your grades and test scores.

學生常常低估個人陳述對招生委員會的影響力。

Students frequently underestimate the impact their personal statement has on admissions committees.

一份糟糕的個人陳述，可能會毀掉一份原本很優秀的申請。

A bad personal statement can tank an otherwise stellar application.

在我們免費的個人陳述資料庫中，可以看到很棒的個人陳述範例，連結在說明欄。

See examples of great personal statements in our free personal statement database linked in the description.

你的文章必須融入你整體的申請敘事，並深入闡述你過去的經驗、價值觀，以及是什麼造就了今天的你？

Your essay must feed into your overall application narrative and provide deeper insights into your past experiences, values and go what and who made you who you are today?

It's essential that this essay provides new insights into your journey and is not a rehash of your cv.

這篇文章必須提供你旅程的新見解，而不是你履歷的重述。

The next piece of your application is your letters of recommendation, which offer a third person summary of your unique skills from a qualified professional.

你申請資料的下一個部分是推薦信，它能提供一位合格專業人士對你獨特技能的第三方總結。

Aim to secure four to five Strong Letters of recommendation While securing a letter from a physician with a prestigious reputation can be tempting, the more important thing about your letter writers is that they know you deeply and think highly of you.

盡量爭取四到五封有力的推薦信。雖然獲得一位聲望卓著的醫師的推薦信很誘人，但你的推薦人更重要的是他們對你很瞭解，並且高度評價你。

A lukewarm letter of recommendation from a big name in medicine will actually hinder your chances of acceptance compared to a warm and authentic letter from someone who is not well known in the industry.

來自醫界大人物的冷淡推薦信，實際上會損害你的錄取機會，遠不如來自業界不那麼出名的人的熱情真誠的推薦信。

The last component of your primary application is the Work and activities section.

你主要申請資料的最後一個組成部分是工作與活動部分。

You can select up to 15 pre med experiences on the AMCAS application, ranging from volunteering, clinical and leadership activities, employment, honors, and

你可以在 AMCAS 申請中選擇最多 15 項醫學預科經驗，包括志工服務、臨床與領導活動、工作、榮譽，以及

more, and discuss how these experiences shape your desire to become a physician.

更多，並討論這些經驗如何塑造你成為醫師的渴望。

Admissions committees are primarily looking for clinical exposure, research experience, and community involvement.

招生委員會主要尋找臨床經驗、研究經驗和社區參與。

Participating in activities in each of these areas demonstrates that you have the kind of relevant interests and well rounded experience to fully understand whether or not you really want to pursue a career in medicine.

參與這些領域的活動，證明你擁有相關的興趣和全面的經驗，能夠完全理解你是否真的想追求醫學事業。

However, it's also important to choose activities you actually enjoy and will be able to commit to long term as admissions committees also look for enthusiasm, leadership, and

然而，選擇你真正喜歡並且能夠長期投入的活動也很重要，因為招生委員會也會尋找熱情、領導力和

Secondary applications follow the primary application so long as you meet bare minimum cutoffs.

只要你達到基本的門檻，就會收到初階申請之後的次級申請。

You should receive secondaries from each of the schools you apply to within two to four weeks.

你應該會在兩到四週內收到你申請的每間學校寄來的次級申請。

This is because secondaries provide schools with more information about you and come with a fee that goes straight to the school.

這是因為次級申請能讓學校獲得更多關於你的資訊，而且還會收取一筆費用，這筆費用會直接給學校。

Secondaries vary from school to school, but

次級申請的內容因學校而異，但

generally ask targeted essay questions about why you want to attend that school in particular and what you have to offer the school in return.

通常會問一些針對性的申論題，關於你為什麼想就讀該校，以及你能為該校帶來什麼。

Ideally, you'll complete all secondary applications within two weeks of receiving them.

理論上，你應該在收到次級申請的兩週內完成所有申請。

This ensures you stay on pace with other applicants and receive the first round of interview offers.

這能確保你跟其他申請者同步，並能收到第一輪的面試通知。

Our free secondary essay database includes the most recent information about the secondary requirements for U.S.

我們免費的次級申請文章資料庫包含了美國

medical schools, including prompts from previous and current years fees and other requirements like Casper or Preview, which are situational judgment tests required by select medical schools database linked below.

醫學院最新的次級申請要求資訊，包括歷年和今年的題目、費用，以及 Casper 或 Preview 等其他要求，這些是部分醫學院要求的狀況判斷測驗，資料庫連結在下方。