Name: 為何越來越多百萬富翁選擇移居義大利？ (Why Millionaires Are Moving To Italy)
Uploaded: 2025-09-06T18:13:17.000Z
Duration: 10 min 53 s

Lakeview, nature, silence, peace, real Lake Como vibes.

湖景、自然、安靜、祥和，真正的科莫湖氛圍。

Italy, a long-time favourite of the rich and famous, from Roman emperors to Hollywood stars.

義大利，長期以來深受從羅馬皇帝到好萊塢明星等富豪和名人的喜愛。

You have the seaside, you have the mountains, you have the Alps, the wine, the food, I mean, all of this.

這裡有海濱、高山、阿爾卑斯山、美酒、美食，我是說，所有這些。

But now, a new wave of the uber-wealthy is relocating to the European country, looking to take advantage of its investor-friendly environment, thriving real estate market and low-tax regime.

但現在，新一波的超級富豪正遷往這個歐洲國家，希望利用其對投資者友好的環境、繁榮的房地產市場和低稅制。

Italy is set to welcome an estimated 3,600 high-net-worth individuals to the country, and this will have huge economic implications, with estimates suggesting they could bring with them $21 billion in private capital.

義大利將迎來約 3,600 名高淨值人士，這將產生巨大的經濟影響，據估計，他們可能帶來 210 億美元的私人資本。

Although this kind of data is notoriously difficult to track, investment migration consultancy Henley & Partners estimates that in just three years, Italy has climbed the global rankings as a top destination for the wealthy,

雖然這類數據很難追蹤，但據投資移民諮詢公司 Henley & Partners 估計，在短短三年時間裡，意大利作為富豪首選目的地的全球排名不斷攀升，

rising from number 11 in 2023 to sixth in 2024 and now third in 2025, overtaking long-time favourites like Singapore, Australia and Switzerland.

從 2023 年的第 11 位上升到 2024 年的第 6 位，現在又在 2025 年上升到第 3 位，超過了新加坡、澳洲和瑞士等長期受青睞的國家。

The defining point of that is that there's a flat rate tax.

As many countries clamp down on the super-rich, Italy has emerged as the top relocation destination in Europe, and that's impacting everything from the business landscape to the housing market.

隨著許多國家打擊超級富豪，義大利已成為歐洲最熱門的搬遷目的地，這對從商業環境到住房市場的方方面面都產生了影響。

So why is Italy attracting so many millionaires and billionaires?

那麼，為什麼義大利會吸引如此多的百萬富翁和億萬富翁呢？

And could other countries follow its lead?

Italy's centre-left government back in 2017 introduced a new €100,000 flat-tax regime to entice wealthy individuals, investors and entrepreneurs to move to the country.

義大利中左翼政府早在 2017 年就推出了新的 10 萬歐元統一稅制，以吸引富人、投資者和企業家移居該國。

Now, this was in something of a heyday of citizenship-by-investment schemes with the likes of Portugal and Switzerland also looking for new ways to attract the ultra-wealthy.

當時正值投資入籍計劃的鼎盛時期，葡萄牙和瑞士等國也在尋找吸引超級富豪的新方法。

In 2024, the government doubled its flat tax to €200,000 for new arrivals after public criticism over the scheme, with economy minister Giancarlo Giorgetti saying he didn't want Italy to be in a race to offer fiscal favours to the rich.

2024 年，政府將對新移民徵收的統一稅翻了一番，達到 20 萬歐元，這遭到了公眾的責備，經濟部長吉安卡洛-喬蓋蒂（Giancarlo Giorgetti）表示，他不希望義大利競相向富人提供財政優惠。

Despite this, the country remains a magnet for those who would be taxed far more heavily elsewhere.

儘管如此，這個國家仍然吸引著那些在其他地方會被徵收更重稅收的人。

It operates at a wealth level which is still way above €200,000 per year flat taxation.

其財富水準仍遠遠高於每年 20 萬歐元的統一稅率。

So it's like saying, oh, you're paying your coffee now, today it's €2, tomorrow it's going to be €4.

這就好比說，哦，你現在付咖啡費，今天是 2 歐元，明天就是 4 歐元了。

You're not going to give up on your coffee.

The doubling of the flat tax did little to suppress demand, but it did double government coffers.

加倍徵收統一稅對抑制需求幾乎沒有作用，但卻使政府財政收入翻了一番。

The people that are coming to us are telling us that the main driving force behind the relocation is inevitably to the U.S.

來找我們的人告訴我們，搬遷的主要動力是不可避免地要搬到美國。

Millionaires have been migrating in droves to new residences.

Over the past 10 years, the number of high-net-worth individuals relocating abroad has almost tripled, reaching record highs in 2024.

過去 10 年間，移居國外的高淨值人群數量幾乎增加了兩倍，並將在 2024 年達到歷史新高。

And the trend is set to continue in 2025 and 2026.

2025 年和 2026 年，這一趨勢還將繼續。

Many other countries have been clamping down on the uber-wealthy in an attempt to combat perceived inequality and also boost stretched public budgets.

許多其他國家一直在打擊超級富豪，試圖消除人們認為的不平等現象，同時增加捉襟見肘的公共預算。

So for instance, in France, they have been deliberating expanding the wealth tax.

例如在法國，他們一直在考慮擴大財富稅。

In Switzerland, for example, they're also weighing introducing new changes to inheritance tax.

例如，瑞士也在考慮對遺產稅進行新的調整。

But perhaps the biggest change came in April 2025 under the UK's Labour government when they abolished their 200-year-old non-DOM tax regime.

但或許最大的變革發生在2025年4月，當時英國工黨政府廢除了已有200年歷史的非居民稅制。

Until recently, a UK resident with a permanent tax home abroad only had to pay UK tax on money earned in the country, meaning money made elsewhere in the world was untaxed by the British government for up to 15 years.

直到最近，在國外擁有永久納稅居所的英國居民只需為在英國賺取的錢繳納英國稅，這意味著在世界其他地方賺取的錢在長達 15 年的時間裡都不用向英國政府納稅。

That's now been replaced by a new residency scheme, which the government says will generate £12.7 billion over the next five years.

現在，這項計劃已被一項新的居留計劃所取代，政府表示，這項計劃將在未來五年內帶來 127 億英鎊的收入。

Critics have questioned that, and they have said that these outflows of wealth are going to impact the UK's economy and also suppress that all-important investment and high spending.

批評者對此提出質疑，他們認為，這些財富外流將對英國經濟造成衝擊，也會抑制最重要的投資和高消費。

There are countries literally around the world who are coming to us and saying, we want the UK's millionaires and billionaires.

世界各地都有國家找到我們說，我們想要英國的百萬富翁和億萬富翁。

我們怎樣才能把他們帶到我們的國家？

More countries are now offering citizenship and residence-by-investment programmes.

現在，越來越多的國家提供投資入籍和投資居留計劃。

Between 1980 and 2022, the number of CBI and RBI schemes has seen a fourfold increase, led by Caribbean countries like Grenada and Antigua, as well as Malta and Turkey.

從 1980 年到 2022 年，在格瑞那達和安提瓜等加勒比國家以及馬耳他和土耳其的帶動下，加共體和履行機構計劃的數量增加了四倍。

Residence-by-investment is essentially a legal process by which countries will grant residence to foreign individuals in exchange for financial contributions.

投資居留本質上是一種法律程序，通過這種程序，各國將給予外國個人居留權，以換取資金捐助。

So that might be tax payments, it might be real estate purchases or other investments.

這可能是繳稅，也可能是購買房地產或其他投資。

The programmes that we offer range from a few thousand up to eight, $9 million.

我們提供的方案從幾千美元到八、九百萬美元不等。

We've dealt with Americans, we've dealt with Brits, we've dealt with Middle Easterners.

我們和美國人打過交道，和英國人打過交道，和中東人打過交道。

The last statistic we saw that we had inquiries from 148 nationalities.

最近一次統計顯示，我們收到了來自 148 個國家的詢問。

Italy introduced its flat tax system as part of a bigger push to attract foreign investors.

義大利推出統一稅制是其吸引外國投資者的更大舉措之一。

It was also hoping to encourage homegrown talent and their money to return to the country, especially after the economic challenges of the European debt crisis.

它還希望鼓勵本土人才和他們的資金回國，尤其是在經歷了歐洲債務危機的經濟挑戰之後。

So Italy's flat tax regime will exempt individuals from their foreign income and gains and overseas, and they'll only be subject to pay Italian tax on locally earned income.

義大利的統一稅制將免除個人在國外和海外的收入和收益，他們只需為在當地賺取的收入繳納義大利稅。

Now, part of the beauty of Italy's regime is its simplicity.

現在，義大利政權的魅力之一就在於它的簡單。

Unlike in other countries where they're expected to meet other stringent requirements, other investment requirements, this is just a one-off annual fee.

不像在其他國家，他們需要滿足其他嚴格的要求和其他投資要求，這只是一次性的年費。

You just need to move your tax domicile to Italy, which is easy enough for EU residents.

你只需將納稅住所遷至義大利，這對歐盟居民來說非常容易。

Anna Cipriani was among those incentivised to return to Italy.

安娜-西普里阿尼（Anna Cipriani）是受激勵返回義大利的人之一。

My great-grandfather, Giuseppe Cipriani, opened the doors of Harry's Bar, which also became the famous place because it's where he created also the Bellini cocktail and the carpaccio dish.

我的曾祖父朱塞佩-西普里亞尼（Giuseppe Cipriani）開創了哈里酒吧（Harry's Bar），該酒吧也因他創造了貝利尼雞尾酒（Bellini cocktail）和鯉魚片（carpaccio）而聞名遐邇。

Harry's Bar was originally founded in Venice in 1931, but over nearly a century, the business expanded into a global hotel and leisure group with a larger footprint outside Italy than within it.

哈利酒吧最初於 1931 年在威尼斯成立，但經過近一個世紀的發展，該公司已成為一家全球性的酒店和休閒集團，在義大利境外的業務比在義大利國內還要多。

Anna Cipriani had been living in the US to oversee the launch of its Casa Cipriani members club in New York.

Anna Cipriani 一直住在美國，負責監督其在紐約推出的 Casa Cipriani 會員俱樂部。

But in 2022, the group chose to return to Italy for its next destination, creating a hub for business people and entrepreneurs in Milan.

但在 2022 年，該集團選擇回到義大利作為下一個目的地，在米蘭創建一個商務人士和企業家中心。

We wanted to build a place where a person could spend their full day.

我們想建一個能讓人度過一整天的地方。

So we have the entertainment spaces, the restaurants, the spa and wellness facilities, the gym for the workout.

我們有娛樂空間、餐廳、水療和保健設施、健身房。

We really thought it was a good time to come back to Italy.

我們真的覺得現在是回到義大利的好時機。

這些年來，米蘭確實發生了很大變化。

Before, it used to be known more for its industrial character and, of course, the fashion houses.

以前，這裡更多的是以工業特色而聞名，當然還有時尚品牌。

While over the last few years, it became more and more attractive also for creatives, for investors and for international crowd.

而在過去幾年中，它對創意者、投資者和國際人群也越來越有吸引力。

And then, of course, we had the tax incentives.

當然，我們還有稅收優惠政策。

Since 2016, Italy has adopted investment-friendly policies through its Industria 4.0 plan, later renamed Transition 5.0,

2016 年以來，義大利通過工業 4.0 計劃（後更名為過渡 5.0）採取了投資友好型政策，

a framework designed to encourage businesses to invest in key sectors like digital and green infrastructure in exchange for tax credits and depreciation incentives.

該框架旨在鼓勵企業投資數字和綠色基礎設施等關鍵領域，以換取稅收減免和折舊獎勵。

They are moving to town, but they're also investing, not only in Milan, I mean, in Italy in general.

他們搬到了城裡，但他們也在投資，不僅是在米蘭，我是說在整個義大利。

So what are the most popular destinations for the wealthy in Italy?

那麼，義大利最受富人歡迎的目的地有哪些？

Sought-after regions include Tuscany and the Italian Riviera.

熱門地區包括托斯卡納和義大利里維埃拉。

Cities like Rome, Venice, Florence and Bologna are also popular.

羅馬、威尼斯、佛羅倫薩和博洛尼亞等城市也很受歡迎。

And unsurprisingly, Milan remains a favorite amongst millionaires and billionaires due to its role as Italy's financial hub and close links to Lake Como.

由於米蘭是義大利的金融中心，又與科莫湖緊密相連，它仍然是百萬富翁和億萬富翁的最愛。

Most of the celebrity of Lake Como started back in the early 2000s when Las Vegas opened up the Bellagio Hotel.

科莫湖的名人效應大多始於本世紀初，當時拉斯維加斯開設了貝拉吉歐酒店（Bellagio Hotel）。

It's being inspired by this tiny village.

We are at whole-time high prices at the moment.

目前，我們的物價處於歷史最高水準。

In five years, we had an increase in double-digit percentage while for the upcoming years, we're probably gonna look at a steady 3% to 4% type of increase here in Lake Como.

五年來，我們的增長率達到了兩位數，而在接下來的幾年裡，科莫湖的增長率可能會穩定在 3% 到 4% 之間。

And less than an hour away, Milan's real estate is experiencing its own surge.

而在不到一小時車程的地方，米蘭的房地產也在經歷著自己的飛速發展。

Property prices in Milan have risen 49% since the flat tax was introduced in 2017, compared to 10.9% across the rest of Italy's big cities, according to real estate group Tecnocasa.

據房地產集團 Tecnocasa 稱，自2017年實行統一稅以來，米蘭的房價上漲了49%，而義大利其他大城市的房價漲幅為10.9%。

And global property consultancy Knight Frank expects the city's prime real estate market to record a further 3.5% price growth in 2025.

全球房地產諮詢公司萊坊（Knight Frank）預計，到 2025 年，該市優質房地產市場的價格將再增長 3.5%。

It's about those who can afford, even because prices are not necessarily down to a strict market logic as an investment.

這是關於那些買得起的人，甚至因為價格並不一定會下降到嚴格的投資市場邏輯。

Then they do a little bit of math, of course, but they're ready to spend and sometimes to overspend just to secure a one-of-a-kind view or a one-of-a-kind position.

當然，他們也會做一些計算，但他們已經做好了花錢的準備，有時甚至會超支，只為確保獨一無二的景觀或獨一無二的位置。

When Italy came out with a 100,000 flat tax opportunity, people began considering even more Italy as a logic B plan for their relocation or asset protection or tax optimization process.

當義大利推出 10 萬統一稅率的機會時，人們開始更多地考慮將義大利作為其搬遷、資產保護或稅收優化過程中的邏輯 B 計劃。

So how is this wealth impacting local life?

那麼，這些財富是如何影響當地生活的呢？

While luxury lifestyles can sometimes seem removed from the everyday, Jeff Bezos' wedding in Venice, for example, is estimated to have added $1.1 billion to the city's economy.

雖然奢華的生活方式有時似乎與日常生活格格不入，但以傑夫-貝佐斯在威尼斯舉行的婚禮為例，據估計，這場婚禮為威尼斯的經濟增加了 11 億美元。

The increased activity in finance, private equity, hospitality and other services have, of course, created local jobs.

當然，金融、私募股權、酒店和其他服務業活動的增加也為當地創造了就業機會。

But then there's been the impact on housing prices, which has priced out many locals, particularly as wages have struggled to keep up.

但是，房價也受到了影響，許多當地人因此被擠出了市場，尤其是在工資難以跟上的情況下。

That, of course, adds to existing wealth inequalities and there's a particular concern that much of the wealth is concentrated in specific areas and it doesn't filter down around the rest of the country.

當然，這也加劇了現有的財富不平等，尤其令人擔憂的是，大部分財富都集中在特定地區，並沒有向全國其他地區擴散。

It's kind of a wheel, you know, that keeps rolling.

你知道，這就像一個不停滾動的輪子。

So you have all these people moving in and you have all these hotel opening and you have more and more people that then decide to come to town because now they think about it more.

這些人搬進來，這些飯店開張，越來越多的人決定來這裡，因為他們現在對這裡有了更多的瞭解。

It's also proven that when you have a lot of investments into a city, it does boost the economy, creates more job opportunities also for the people.

事實也證明，當你對一個城市進行大量投資時，它確實會促進經濟發展，為人們創造更多的就業機會。

We are seeing other countries considering similar schemes.

我們看到其他國家也在考慮類似的計劃。

Greece back in 2019 introduced its own €100,000 flat tax regime, but it also requires an additional €500,000 investment as well in property or local equities, etc.

希臘早在 2019 年就推出了自己的 10 萬歐元統一稅制，但也要求在房地產或當地股票等方面額外投資 50 萬歐元。

Even in the UK, lobbyists are also pushing for a similar Italian-style flat tax regime, but it does, of course, raise concerns about this kind of race to the bottom and an erosion of the tax base.

即使在英國，遊說者也在推動類似義大利式的統一稅制，但這當然會引起人們對這種競相逐低和侵蝕稅基的擔憂。

However, it's important to note that rich people moving to Italy under this regime are under no obligation to invest in the country, a move that the Italian Court of Auditors has warned could turn Italy into a tax haven.

不過，值得注意的是，根據這一制度移居義大利的富人沒有義務在該國投資，義大利審計法院曾警告說，此舉可能會使義大利變成避稅天堂。

Receipts from Italy's flat tax regime have brought in hundreds of millions of euros, but while helpful, this really is just a drop in the ocean versus Italy's deficit and public debt.

義大利的統一稅制帶來了數億歐元的收入，但儘管有所幫助，與義大利的赤字和公共債務相比，這真的只是滄海一粟。

For as long as it does stay more attractive than some other countries' regimes, Italy does look like it will continue to attract a small but lucrative cohort of the wealthy.

只要義大利比其他一些國家的制度更具吸引力，它就會繼續吸引一小部分富人，但利潤豐厚。