Name: 庫斯科旅遊指南 | 祕魯印加古都 (Cusco Travel Guide | The Ancient Inca Capital of Peru)
Uploaded: 2025-08-13T18:38:59.000Z
Duration: 14 min 41 s

What's up, everybody, and welcome back to Vagabrothers.

大家好，歡迎回到 "流浪兄弟"。

Right now we're at 3,400 meters in the heart of the Andes in Cusco, Peru.

現在，我們在海拔 3400 米的祕魯庫斯科安第斯山脈中心。

情態副詞

Cusco is the oldest continuously inhabited city on the continent.

庫斯科是非洲大陸上最古老的連續有人居住的城市。

It was the heart and capital of the Inca Empire, and it's been referred to as the Rome of the Americas.

它是印加帝國的中心和首都，被稱為美洲的羅馬。

Today we'll be exploring its fascinating history from its foundation by the Inca to their brutal conquest by the Spanish and the living history that survives today.

今天，我們將探索印加人建立印加帝國、西班牙人野蠻征服印加帝國以及至今依然存在的鮮活歷史。

It's going to be fun, it's going to be interesting, and it starts right now.

這將會很有趣，很有意思，而且現在就開始了。

We arrived here last night from Lima, and the first thing I noticed is that Cusco is a feast for the eyes.

我們昨晚從利馬抵達這裡，我注意到的第一件事就是庫斯科是一場視覺盛宴。

All the locals are dressed in these beautiful fabrics, and the architecture is absolutely incredible.

所有當地人都穿著這些漂亮的布料，建築也絕對令人難以置信。

The first thing I noticed was the altitude because the Andes are the highest mountain range in the world after the Himalaya.

我首先注意到的是海拔高度，因為安第斯山脈是繼喜馬拉雅山脈之後世界上海拔最高的山脈。

The second thing I noticed are the buildings because although they look Spanish, they're built with Inca stones.

我注意到的第二件事是建築，因為雖然它們看起來像西班牙建築，但卻是用印加石建造的。

And the Plaza de Armas where we are right now, still the center of the city, was also the center of the Inca capital.

我們現在所處的阿瑪斯廣場仍是城市的中心，也是印加帝國首都的中心。

We're going to do our best to explore all of them, starting with the oldest, the foundation of the city by Manco Capac over 600 years ago.

我們將盡力探索所有這些遺蹟，從最古老的遺蹟開始，即 600 多年前曼科-卡帕克（Manco Capac）建城的遺蹟。

But before we do, here's what you need to know about the Inca.

但在此之前，您需要了解一下印加人。

The Incas are the most well-known of Peru's indigenous cultures, but they're really just the most recent of many.

印加人是祕魯土著文化中最著名的一支，但實際上他們只是眾多文化中最近的一支。

There were the Parcas, famous for their textiles, the Nazca, famous for the lines in the desert, and countless others who battled for control of the Andes before the Inca solidified their rule 600 years ago.

還有以紡織品聞名的帕爾卡人、以沙漠中的線條聞名的納斯卡人，以及在 600 年前印加人鞏固其統治之前為控制安第斯山脈而戰的無數其他民族。

According to legend, in the 12th century, the first Inca king, Manco Capac, was sent on a mission by the sun god,

據傳說，12 世紀時，第一代印加國王曼科-卡帕克被太陽神派去執行任務、

Inti, the supreme deity, to find the navel of the earth, or Cozco in Quechua, Cusco in Spanish.

在這裡，人們可以找到至高無上的神靈 Inti，找到大地的肚臍，即克丘亞語中的 Cozco，西班牙語中的 Cusco。

He founded a city that would be the capital of eleven more Inca emperors.

他建立的這座城市後來又成為 11 位印加帝國皇帝的首都。

From the capital of Cusco, the Inca Empire stretched from modern-day Colombia all the way down to Chile and Argentina.

印加帝國從首都庫斯科出發，從今天的哥倫比亞一直延伸到智利和阿根廷。

It was rich in gold and silver, and its skilled artisans created some of the most beautiful and valuable artwork in the Americas.

這裡盛產金銀，能工巧匠們創造了美洲最精美、最珍貴的藝術品。

The Golden Age of the Inca lasted just 100 years until 1532 with the arrival of Spanish conquistador

印加人的黃金時代僅持續了 100 年，直到 1532 年西班牙征服者的到來。

Francisco Pizarro, who with 170 men, 27 horses, and a single cannon captured the Inca emperor Atahualpa and demanded a ransom so high that the Inca had to strip their beautiful temples of its precious gold.

弗朗西斯科-皮薩羅（Francisco Pizarro）率領 170 人、27 匹馬和一門大炮，俘虜了印加帝國皇帝阿塔瓦爾帕（Atahualpa），並索要高額贖金，以至於印加人不得不將其美麗神廟中的珍貴黃金全部剝光。

After all that, Pizarro killed Atahualpa anyways.

在這一切之後，皮薩羅還是殺死了阿塔瓦爾帕。

The Spanish conquest of the Inca is one of the saddest chapters in history.

西班牙對印加人的征服是歷史上最悲慘的篇章之一。

Not only the slaughter and subjugation of countless thousands of people, but the systematic eradication of one of the most advanced cultures the world has ever seen.

不僅屠殺和征服了成千上萬的人，而且有計劃地消滅了世界上有史以來最先進的文化之一。

Modern Peru is a fusion of Inca and Spanish traditions, and the culture is kept alive through the ancient Incan language, Quechua, still spoken by the majority of people here in Cusco.

現代祕魯融合了印加和西班牙的傳統，文化通過古老的印加語言克丘亞語得以傳承。

We've driven up and out of Cusco, and right now we're at the fortress of Sacsayhuaman.

我們已經開出了庫斯科，現在我們正在薩克薩瓦曼要塞。

If you can't remember how to pronounce it, just think Sacsayhuaman.

如果您記不起它的發音，只需想想 Sacsayhuaman 即可。

是的，但這是一個克丘亞語單詞。

Basically, this was a citadel designed to protect the city of Cusco.

基本上，這是一座旨在保護庫斯科城的城堡。

And what you see behind us is now about 20% of what remained.

而你在我們身後看到的，現在只剩下大約 20%。

There's these huge stone walls everywhere, and one of the most impressive things about this building and about all of the Inca construction is that they have these massive stones, some of them up to 200 tons each, and they all fit together perfectly, so closely without mortar that you can actually not even put a piece of paper between them.

這裡到處都是巨大的石牆，這座建築和所有印加建築最令人印象深刻的一點是，他們擁有這些巨大的石頭，有的每塊重達200噸，它們完美地拼接在一起，不用砂漿就能緊密地結合在一起，你甚至無法在它們之間放一張紙。

There's lots of little trails going around.

But the most impressive part, like Marco said, of this fortress is the construction of it.

不過，正如馬可所說，這座堡壘最令人印象深刻的部分是它的建造過程。

These huge giant stones that sit and slide perfectly in with one another, and like you said, no mortar.

這些巨大的石塊可以完美地相互嵌合，就像你說的那樣，沒有灰漿。

Actually, the most incredible thing about.... Let's be real, Alex.

事實上，最不可思議的是....。實話實說吧，亞歷克斯。

There are just alpacas wandering this area.

Coming to a place like this really sparks my interests.

來到這樣一個地方，真的激發了我的興趣。

I studied the Inca in college, and it's been a long time, but I've always wanted to come to Peru and see this place for myself.

我在大學裡學習過印加文化，雖然已經過去了很長時間，但我一直想來祕魯親眼看看這個地方。

Just taking a look at these stones, you get a sense of how advanced civilization was, even though they didn't have a lot of the things that we take as necessities for advanced civilization.

只要看一眼這些石頭，你就能感受到當時的文明有多麼發達，儘管他們並沒有很多我們認為是發達文明必需品的東西。

And they accomplished all these things from building a huge, vast communication system of roads, all without even the written language.

他們甚至在沒有書面語言的情況下，通過建立龐大的道路通訊系統完成了所有這些事情。

But they did communicate through these things called quipus and a series of runners.

但他們確實是通過這些被稱為 "魁拔 "的東西和一系列 "跑馬燈 "進行交流的。

There was a certain tribe that was part of their empire that was chosen to be the runners.

他們帝國中的某個部落被選為選手。

They were able to run insane distances, and they would communicate throughout their vast empire using the quipu, which was a series of knots on these ropes that could communicate information like harvests, taxes brought in in different provinces, and it's pretty crazy the level of administration that they had.

他們能夠跑很遠的距離，他們會用 "魁普 "在他們龐大的帝國中進行交流。"魁普 "是繩索上的一系列結，可以傳遞信息，比如收成、不同省份的稅收情況，他們的管理水平令人難以置信。

All the roads that they built back then still exist today, just like in Rome.

他們當年修建的所有道路如今依然存在，就像羅馬一樣。

All roads led to Rome. All roads led to Cusco.

條條大路通羅馬。條條大路通庫斯科。

A fair statement, the Rome of the Americas,

We're in the Centro Historico, and we're here for lunch.

我們在歷史中心（Centro Historico），是來吃午飯的。

This is a restaurant from Peru's most famous chef, Gaston Apurio.

這是祕魯最有名的廚師加斯東-阿普里奧（Gaston Apurio）的餐廳。

It basically uses local ingredients from the surrounding area.

它基本上使用周邊地區的當地食材。

So for lunch, we ordered some traditional Peruvian dishes.

午餐時，我們點了幾道祕魯傳統菜餚。

We have some papas rellenas, which are basically stuffed potatoes.

我們有一些 papas rellenas，基本上就是帶餡的洋芋。

They have carne picada, or ground beef inside of them, and then they're breaded and fried.

它們裡面有 carne picada，也就是碎牛肉，然後裹上面包油炸。

我們有一種醃魚，是它的一個小變化。

It's got trout instead of the typical ocean fishes.

這裡有鱒魚，而不是典型的海洋魚類。

And then we have this little sandwich that's made with fish, and it's a little bit different

然後我們有一個用魚做的小三明治，它有點與眾不同

We have this little sampler right here, which has all sorts of traditional meats.

我們這裡有一個小套餐，裡面有各種傳統肉類。