Name: 什麼是脫增長？⏲️ 6 分鐘英語 (What is degrowth? ⏲️ 6 Minute English)
Uploaded: 2025-07-25T15:58:20.000Z
Duration: 6 min 36 s

6 Minute English. From bbclearningenglish.com

6 分鐘英語。來自 bbclearningenglish.com

Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Phil and today we have

大家好，歡迎收看 BBC Learning English 的 6 分鐘英語節目。我是菲爾，今天我們為您帶來

Hannah joining us again from BBC podcast What in the World. Welcome, Hannah.

BBC播客 "What in the World "中的漢娜再次加入我們。歡迎您，漢娜。

Hey, Phil. It is so great to be back here.

So, I'm wondering, do you do things that you think are good for the planet?

所以，我想知道，你會做你認為對地球有益的事情嗎？

I try but I don't think I do enough. So maybe I cycle more than I drive and I try to recycle things but I should be doing a lot more. But some people think that to deal with climate change we can't just rely on individuals. Phil, it's not up to you and me. We need to actually change the way our economy works and this is an idea called degrowth and we've been investigating it at What in the World and we're going to learn a bit more about it today.

我盡力了，但我覺得我做得還不夠。也許我騎自行車比開車更多，我嘗試回收東西，但我應該做得更多。但有些人認為，應對氣候變化不能只靠個人。菲爾，這不是你我能決定的。我們需要切實改變我們的經濟運行方式，這就是所謂的 "退步增長"（degrowth）理念。

But first, our quiz question. World leaders promised in 2015 to limit global temperature rises but what was the limit they agreed to? Was it… a. 1.5 degrees Celsius b. 2.5 degrees Celsius or c. 3.5 degrees Celsius

但首先是我們的問答題。世界各國領導人在 2015 年承諾限制全球氣溫上升，但他們同意的上限是多少？是...... a. 1.5 攝氏度 b. 2.5 攝氏度或 c. 3.5 攝氏度

I think I know this one, Phil. I think it's 1.5 degrees Celsius.

我想我知道這個，菲爾。我想是 1.5 攝氏度。

OK, we'll find out the answer later in the programme.

好吧，我們稍後在節目中揭曉答案。

So, Hannah, you've been researching degrowth. What does that mean?

漢娜，你一直在研究degrowth。這是什麼意思？

Well, Phil, traditionally governments have always wanted to grow the economy. More money, more jobs, more stuff. But degrowth is a different way of thinking about things.

好吧，菲爾，傳統上政府總是希望經濟增長。更多的錢，更多的工作，更多的東西。但 "去增長 "是一種不同的思維方式。

Some people say that to tackle the climate crisis we need to stop our economies from growing. We need to stop using and making more and focus on using fewer of the Earth's natural resources.

有人說，要解決氣候危機，我們必須停止經濟增長。我們需要停止使用和製造更多的資源，集中精力減少使用地球上的自然資源。

The people who support the idea of degrowth are often called degrowthers.

支持 "脫增長 "理念的人通常被稱為 "脫增長者"（degrowthers）。

Right. OK, so degrowthers argue we should make and use less stuff.

沒錯。好吧，退化論者認為我們應該製造和使用更少的東西。

Yes, mostly. It's a little bit more complex than that.

是的，主要是這樣。比這更復雜一點。

And I spoke to BBC journalist Álvaro Álvarez who told me more about the idea.

我採訪了 BBC 記者阿爾瓦羅-阿爾瓦雷斯（Álvaro Álvarez），他向我詳細介紹了這個想法。

So degrowth is not saying that we need to reduce everything. It's saying that we need to decrease some elements of our production that are not beneficial. An example of those elements would be fast fashion, private jets, the beef and meat industry. So it's not about decreasing everything.

是以，"去增長 "並不是說我們需要減少一切。它是說，我們需要減少生產中一些無益的元素。例如，快速時尚、私人飛機、牛肉和肉類產業。是以，這並不是說要減少一切。

Álvaro says that degrowthers believe we should reduce some elements of production.

阿爾瓦羅說，退化者認為我們應該減少一些生產要素。

An element of something is a part of something.

And according to Álvaro, these elements of production are not believed to be beneficial.

阿爾瓦羅認為，這些生產要素並無益處。

If something's beneficial, it's useful or good.

如果某樣東西是有益的，那麼它就是有用的或好的。

One example of a kind of production that degrowthers disagree with is fast fashion. Fast fashion refers to clothes that are made very cheaply and quickly, so that customers can afford to buy new outfits more often.

快速時尚就是脫胎換骨者不贊同的一種生產方式。快速時尚指的是以非常低廉的價格快速生產的服裝，這樣顧客就有能力經常購買新衣服。

Exactly. And before we go any further, many economists do not think that degrowth is a good idea. Some of them argue that it would create more poverty and some economists believe degrowth would actually make it harder to solve the climate crisis.

沒錯。在我們繼續討論之前，許多經濟學家並不認為 "去增長化 "是個好主意。他們中的一些人認為這會造成更多的貧困，還有一些經濟學家認為經濟增長放緩實際上會增加解決氣候危機的難度。

For example, Professor Sam Fankhauser, an economist at Cambridge University in the UK, spoke to you on What in the World, and he argues that degrowth could limit innovation.

例如，英國劍橋大學的經濟學家薩姆-範克豪澤教授在《世界怎麼了》節目中與您進行了對話，他認為，增長速度下降可能會限制創新。

I think degrowth underestimates the power of innovation. Degrowth underestimates the need for investment that we need in new technology and in new solutions. And degrowth underestimates the social, sort of, feasibility of what they propose.

我認為經濟增長低估了創新的力量。退化低估了我們對新技術和新解決方案的投資需求。退化低估了他們所建議的社會可行性。

So Professor Fankhauser thinks that degrowth underestimates many things, such as innovation.

是以，範克豪澤教授認為，降速低估了很多東西，比如創新。

If you underestimate something, you don't understand the true importance or size of it.

如果你低估了某件事情，你就不瞭解它真正的重要性或規模。

Another factor that Professor Fankhauser says is underestimated by degrowthers is the feasibility of social change. Feasibility means the possibility that something can be achieved.

範克豪澤教授說，退化者低估的另一個因素是社會變革的可行性。可行性是指某件事情能夠實現的可能性。

It comes from the adjective feasible. For example, I could say that I think it's feasible for us to finish this podcast in six minutes. I think we can do it.

它來源於形容詞 feasible。例如，我可以說，我認為我們在六分鐘內完成這次播客是可行的。我認為我們能做到。

Well, Phil, we're going to have to get a move on. I think it's time to hear the answer to your quiz question.

好了，菲爾，我們得走了。我想是時候聽聽你的問答題的答案了。

I asked how much world leaders agreed to limit global temperature rises to.

我問世界各國領導人同意將全球氣溫升幅限制在多少範圍內。

The answer is 1.5 degrees Celsius, which scientists believe is needed to stop the worst impacts of climate change.

答案是 1.5 攝氏度，科學家們認為，要阻止氣候變化帶來的最壞影響，就必須達到 1.5 攝氏度。

I got it right! OK, so let's recap some of the vocabulary we've learned, starting with degrowth, which is the economic idea that we should use and make less stuff.

我說對了！好了，讓我們來回顧一下我們學過的一些詞彙，首先是 "去增長"（degrowth）。"去增長 "是一種經濟學理念，即我們應該減少使用和製造物品。

An element of something means a part of something.

Fast fashion refers to clothes that are made cheaply and quickly so that people can buy them more often.

快速時尚指的是以廉價和快速的方式製作服裝，以便人們能更頻繁地購買。

And if you underestimate something, you don't understand the true importance or size of it.

The feasibility of something is the likelihood that it can be achieved. We can also describe something as feasible or unfeasible. We can do it or we can't do it.

可行性是指某件事情能夠實現的可能性。我們也可以用可行或不可行來描述某件事情。要麼可行，要麼不可行。

Phil, once again our six minutes are up, but there is just a little bit more time for me to tell you more about my podcast, What in the World.

菲爾，我們的六分鐘時間又到了，不過還有一點時間，我想向大家介紹一下我的播客 "世界上有什麼"。

We have a new episode every single weekday and we talk about the news, trending topics.

我們每個工作日都有一集新節目，談論新聞和流行話題。

In fact, it's a great place to come and learn some new vocabulary about things that are happening in the world.

事實上，這是一個學習世界上正在發生的事情的新詞彙的好地方。

Yes, if you've found this episode interesting, try watching What in the World on YouTube with subtitles to practice your English.

是的，如果您覺得這一集有趣，可以嘗試在 YouTube 上觀看帶字幕的 What in the World 來練習英語。

There's a link in the notes for this episode.

And don't forget to try the quiz and worksheet at bbclearningenglish.com.

別忘了試試 bbclearningenglish.com 上的測驗和工作表。

Phil, thank you so much for having me again on 6 Minute English. Bye for now.

菲爾，非常感謝你再次邀請我做客《6 分鐘英語》。再見。