Name: 底層也有機會翻身嗎？年輕人想要成功需要這 3 個關鍵！(3 keys to success for young people | BBC Ideas)
Uploaded: 2025-07-22T18:20:13.000Z
Duration: 4 min 59 s

情態助動詞 A2

Why does some young people from really tough backgrounds beat the odds and what can we all learn from them?

為什麼一些出身貧寒的年輕人能夠戰勝困難，我們能從他們身上學到什麼？

過去簡單式

When I was a child I was bounced from children's home to children's home.

小時候，我輾轉於不同的兒童之家。

Yeah, it was tough, but I made it as a writer and as a poet.

是的，這很艱難，但作為一名作家和詩人，我做到了。

So this subject above all is very close to my heart.

There are no simple answers but we do have some really interesting clues.

答案並不簡單，但我們確實掌握了一些非常有趣的線索。

Some come from a major study which has been following 12,000 children in four different countries over a period of 20 years.

其中一些數據來自一項大型研究，該研究對四個不同國家的 12,000 名兒童進行了長達 20 年的追蹤調查。

The Young Lives team led by the tracked children in Ethiopia, Peru, Vietnam and India.

由衣索比亞、秘魯、越南和印度的被追蹤兒童領導的「年輕生命」團隊。

They looked at those who'd managed to beat the odds and pulled out a few common threads.

他們看著那些成功戰勝困難的人，總結出了一些共同點。

I didn't have family around me and the absence of it actually gives you an opportunity to see just how important these supportive relationships are for a child.

我身邊沒有家人，沒有家人實際上給了你一個機會，讓你看到這些相互支持的關係對一個孩子來說有多麼重要。

我看到它們是因為我沒有它們。

They only go so far before they look back.

他們走得太遠，才會回頭看看。

When I looked back, there was nobody there.

當我回頭看時，那裡空無一人。

However tenuous, having somebody who's on your side it's really important.

無論多麼脆弱，有個人站在你這邊真的很重要。

For me, I didn't realize it at the time, but the truth is my social worker was that person.

對我來說，我當時並沒有意識到這一點，但事實是，我的社工就是那個人。

He didn't feel like a friend, but he was something more.

他給人的感覺不像是朋友，而更像是某種東西。

He was a person keeping his binoculars focused on my emotional state and that, that proved pivotal to me.

他一直用望遠鏡關注著我的情緒狀態，這對我來說至關重要。

The second key element is the importance of a safety net.

第二個關鍵因素是安全網的重要性。

Studies in the UK have consistently shown a link between poverty and poor outcomes for kids.

英國的研究一直表明，貧困與兒童的不良結果之間存在聯繫。

Children who experience persistent poverty are four times more likely to be in the bottom 10% in vocabulary aged five.

在五歲的詞彙表中，持續貧困的兒童處於最底層 10%的可能性要高出四倍。

Small things can make a big difference like the warmth of the relationship between a parent and a child.

小事情也能帶來大不同，比如父母和孩子之間的溫暖關係。

Reading to kids and having a safety net in those early years is so important.

給孩子們讀書，在他們幼年時為他們提供一個安全網是非常重要的。

In Ethiopia and Peru, the Young Lives team found children whose parents had received government support for basics like food when they were very young had significantly better long-term memory and cognitive skills at the age of 12 than those who hadn't.

在衣索匹亞和祕魯，「年輕生命」小組發現，父母在孩子很小的時候就為他們提供食物等基本生活支助的孩子，在 12 歲時的長期記憶力和認知能力明顯好於那些沒有得到支助的孩子。

The more disadvantaged the family the greater the impact and there's similar evidence from the US where the baby's first year's study looked at the impact of giving money to the poorest families in four cities.

家庭越困難，影響就越大，美國也有類似的證據，嬰兒第一年的研究調查了向四個城市中最貧困家庭提供資金的影響。

They gave $20 a month to one set of families, the control group, and $333 a month to the other group.

他們給一組家庭（對照組）每月 20 美元，給另一組家庭每月 333 美元。

They then scanned the brains of the babies at the age of one and just look at the difference.

然後，他們掃描了這些嬰兒一歲時的大腦，看看差別有多大。

The images on the left show the babies from the high cash group and those on the right from the low cash group.

左邊的圖片顯示的是高現金組的嬰兒，右邊的圖片顯示的是低現金組的嬰兒。

The babies whose mothers received the high cash gift showed significantly more activity in parts of the brain associated with language and cognitive skills.

母親收到高額現金禮物的嬰兒大腦中與語言和認知能力有關的部分活動明顯增多。

When I look back at my younger self, all I wanted was compassion and second chances are about just that, compassion.

當我回首年輕時的自己時，我所渴望的只是同情，而第二次機會也不過就是同情而已。

I was given a book of poetry by a teacher in the children's home when I was 13 years of age, but it wasn't just the book of poetry which helped me, though it did immensely;

我 13 歲時，兒童之家的一位老師送給我一本詩集，但對我幫助很大的不僅僅是這本詩集，還有一個事實，

it was also the fact that I was worth giving a book to.

那就是我值得別人送我一本書。

I was lucky because I found a thing I love, poetry, and regardless of your upbringing that's one of the greatest things that a child or a person can ever find.

我很幸運，因為我找到了自己喜歡的東西——詩歌，無論你的成長經歷如何，這都是一個孩子或一個人所能找到的最偉大的東西之一。

I'm not defined by darkness, confined in the night.

我不是被黑暗所定義，被黑夜所禁錮。

Each dawn I am reminded I am defined by light.

每個黎明都會提醒我，我是由光定義的。

If you enjoyed that be sure to check out these videos next and if you haven't already hit the subscribe button and click the bell to get a notification each time we upload a new video.

如果你喜歡，請務必查看接下來的這些影片，如果你還沒有訂閱，請打開小鈴刀，以便在我們上傳新影片時收到通知。