Name: 沃倫-巴菲特抨擊關稅和保護主義："貿易不應成為武器 (Warren Buffett knocks tariffs and protectionism: 'Trade should not be a weapon')
Uploaded: 2025-05-12T11:26:06.000Z
Duration: 5 min 23 s

This first question comes from Bill Mitchell.

過去簡單式

I received more questions about this than any other question.

我收到的有關這方面的問題比其他任何問題都多。

to 不定詞

He writes, Warren, in a 2003 Fortune article, you argued for imports of certificates to limit trade deficits and said these import certificates basically amounted to a tariff.

他寫道，沃倫，在 2003 年《財富》雜誌的一篇文章中，你主張用進口憑手機驗證碼領取彩金來限制貿易赤字，並說這些進口憑手機驗證碼領取彩金基本上等同於關稅。

But recently, you called tariffs an act of economic war.

但最近，你把關稅稱為經濟戰爭行為。

Has your view on trade barriers changed, or do you see import certificates as somehow distinct from tariffs?

您對貿易壁壘的看法是否有所改變，或者您認為進口證書與關稅有什麼不同？

Yeah, the import certificates were distinct, but their goal was to balance imports against exports.

是的，進口證明是與眾不同的，但其目的是平衡進口與出口。

And so that the trade deficit would not grow in an enormous way.

這樣，貿易赤字就不會大幅增長。

And it had various other provisions in it to help third world countries at that time, as they were called, to perhaps catch up a little bit.

它還包含了其他各種條款，以幫助當時被稱為第三世界的國家，使它們能夠趕上一些步伐。

And they had a variety of aspects to them.

But basically, they were designed to balance trade.

但從根本上說，它們是為了平衡貿易而設計的。

And I think you can make some very good arguments for the fact that balanced trade is good for the world.

我認為你可以提出一些很好的論據，證明平衡貿易對世界有利。

And the more balanced trade there is, the better.

It will continue to be better for cocoa to be raised in Ghana, and coffee in Colombia, and a few things.

在加納種植可可、在哥倫比亞種植咖啡以及其他一些事情，都會繼續得到改善。

And over time, the American industry has gone from being an agricultural country.

隨著時間的推移，美國工業已經從一個農業國變成了一個工業國。

This was nothing but an ag country, I mean, virtually.

我是說，實際上，這裡只是一個農業國。

And we have become a very industrial country.

我們已經成為一個非常工業化的國家。

And we did not want to make that a situation, in my view, where we ran greater and greater deficits, building up greater and greater debts against the country.

在我看來，我們不想讓赤字越來越多，國家債務越來越重。

So I designed this import certificate thing, which Charlie thought was a little Rube, too much like Rube Goldberg.

所以我設計了這個進口證書，查理覺得這有點像魯比-戈德堡（Rube Goldberg）。

But it's certainly a lot better than anything, I think, than we're talking about now.

但我認為，這肯定比我們現在談論的任何事情都要好得多。

And there's no question that trade can be an act of war.

毫無疑問，貿易可以是一種戰爭行為。

我認為這導致了一些不好的事情。

Just the attitudes it's brought out in the United States.

I mean, we should be looking to trade with the rest of the world.

我的意思是，我們應該尋求與世界其他國家開展貿易。

我們應該做我們最擅長的事情。

他們應該做自己最擅長的事情。

I mean, we were good at producing tobacco and cotton 250 years ago.

我的意思是，250 年前我們就擅長生產菸草和棉花。

And we want a prosperous world with eight countries with nuclear weapons, including a few that are, what I would call, quite unstable.

我們希望有一個繁榮的世界，其中有八個國家擁有核武器，包括幾個我稱之為相當不穩定的國家。

I do not think it's a great idea to try and design a world where a few countries say, ha, ha, ha, we've won, and other countries are envious.

我認為，試圖設計一個世界，讓少數幾個國家說，哈哈，哈哈，我們贏了，其他國家羨慕不已，並不是一個好主意。

So my import certificate idea, which went no place, I think we've got extra copies.

是以，我的進口證書的想法，沒有去任何地方，我認為我們有額外的副本。

But anybody, if you'd like, and write the office, I think we could probably send you a copy of it.

但任何人，如果你願意，寫封信給辦公室，我想我們也許可以給你寄一份副本。

But the main thing to do is not use trade should not be a weapon.

但最主要的是，貿易不應成為武器。

I mean, we have become an incredibly important country starting from nothing. 250 years ago, there's nothing been anything like it.

我的意思是，我們白手起家，成為了一個極其重要的國家。250 年前，還沒有任何國家能像我們這樣。

And it's a big mistake, in my view, when you have 7 and 1 half billion people that don't like you very well.

在我看來，當有 75 億人不喜歡你的時候，這是一個很大的錯誤。

And you've got 300 million that are crawling in some way about how well they've done.

而你有 3 億人在以某種方式抱怨他們做得有多好。

But I do think that the more prosperous the rest of the world becomes, it won't be at our expense.

但我確實認為，世界其他地區越繁榮，也不會以我們為代價。

The more prosperous we'll become, and the safer we'll feel, and your children will feel someday.

我們會變得越繁榮，我們會感到越安全，你們的孩子將來也會感到越安全。

So that's.  But don't expect my import certificate idea to go down there with Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations or anything.

就是這樣。  但別指望我的進口證書想法能和亞當-斯密的《國富論》什麼的相提並論。