Name: 為孩子們介紹水母：兒童水母 - FreeSchool (All About Jellyfish for Kids: Jellyfish for Children - FreeSchool)
Uploaded: 2025-05-04T16:18:27.000Z
Duration: 5 min 54 s

They come in many shapes, sizes, and colors, but jellyfish are found in every ocean in the world.

水母的形狀、大小和顏色多種多樣，但世界上的每一片海洋都有水母的身影。

If there's saltwater, whether it's warm tropical seas or frigid polar waters, jellyfish are there.

只要有海水，無論是溫暖的熱帶海洋還是寒冷的極地水域，都有水母的身影。

Jellyfish belong to a large group of animals called cnidarians.

水母屬於被稱為刺胞動物的一大類動物。

Cnidarians are one of the most common types of sea animals, with more than 10,000 species.

甲殼類動物是最常見的海洋動物之一，有 1 萬多種。

Along with jellyfish, cnidarians include sea anemones, corals, sea fans, and freshwater hydras.

除了水母，刺胞動物還包括海葵、珊瑚、海扇和淡水水螅。

The smallest jellyfish may only reach about the size of your thumbnail.

最小的水母可能只有拇指甲那麼大。

The largest jellyfish, the lion's mane jellyfish, may reach a size of 7 feet or 2.3 meters across, with tentacles 121 feet or 37 meters long.

最大的水母是獅鬃水母，直徑可達 7 英尺或 2.3 米，觸手長 121 英尺或 37 米。

They don't have eyes, ears, hearts, or brains either.

它們也沒有眼睛、耳朵、心臟或大腦。

Instead, they absorb oxygen through their skin.

相反，它們通過皮膚吸收氧氣。

Jellyfish also swim in a way that is very unlike how fish swim.

水母的游泳方式也與魚類截然不同。

Jellyfish use a simple type of jet propulsion to get around.

水母使用一種簡單的噴氣推進器四處遊動。

They open their body like an umbrella, and then close it.

他們像撐傘一樣打開身體，然後又合上。

By contracting their body, the water inside is forced out and the jellyfish moves forward.

通過收縮身體，體內的水被擠出，水母就會向前移動。

Constantly moving is the only thing keeping jellyfish afloat, but even with this effort they can be easily pushed around by strong winds or ocean currents, which is what leads some jellyfish to be washed up on beaches.

不斷移動是水母保持漂浮的唯一方法，但即便如此，它們也很容易被強風或洋流推來推去，這就是一些水母被衝到海灘上的原因。

The top of a jellyfish is called the bell, and their jelly-like bodies are made almost entirely of water, about 95%.

水母的頂端被稱為喇叭口，水母般的身體幾乎完全由水構成，約佔 95%。

Depending on the species of jellyfish, they may also have frilly oral arms or long tentacles.

根據水母種類的不同，它們還可能有褶皺的口臂或長長的觸手。

Some jellyfish have light sensors, called eyespots, that can sense sunlight and help the jellyfish know which way is up.

有些水母有一種叫做 "眼點 "的光傳感器，它能感知陽光，幫助水母辨別方向。

And some jellyfish are bioluminescent, which means that they can produce light from their bodies, kind of like a firefly.

有些水母還能發出生物光，這意味著它們的身體能產生光，有點像螢火蟲。

Although no one knows for certain why they light up, scientists believe it to be a defense mechanism, to startle a predator away, or perhaps to attract another predator to eat their attacker.

雖然沒有人知道它們為什麼會發光，但科學家們認為這是一種防禦機制，可以把捕食者嚇跑，或者吸引另一隻捕食者來吃掉它們的攻擊者。

Jellyfish are largely transparent, which means you can see through them.

水母在很大程度上是透明的，這意味著你可以看穿它們。

This makes them difficult to see in the water, which helps them hide from predators that would like to eat them, like sea turtles, sharks, swordfish, and even other jellyfish.

這使它們在水中難以被發現，從而有助於躲避那些想吃掉它們的捕食者，如海龜、鯊魚、劍魚，甚至其他水母。

Jellyfish are carnivores themselves, but they do not hunt their prey.

水母本身是食肉動物，但它們不會捕食獵物。

They wait for fish or other small animals to get caught in their tentacles.

它們等待著魚或其他小動物被它們的觸手抓住。

The tentacles are covered in stinging cells, which burst and inject venom into their prey, paralyzing it.

觸手上覆蓋著刺細胞，這些細胞破裂後會向獵物注入毒液，使獵物癱瘓。

Jellyfish can also sting humans, and while some jellyfish stings are just painful, some types of jellyfish can deliver a sting that can kill.

水母也會蜇人，雖然有些水母蜇人只是疼痛，但有些類型的水母蜇人可以致命。

Jellyfish have a complex and interesting life cycle.

Usually they begin as eggs, floating in the ocean currents.

它們通常以卵的形式在洋流中漂浮。

Each egg will then develop into a planula, a swimming larval form.

然後，每個卵都會發育成刨絲蟲，這是一種會游泳的幼蟲。

After a few days, the planula will find something sturdy to anchor itself to, and undergo a transformation into a polyp.

幾天後，刨花會找到堅固的東西固定在上面，然後變成息肉。

Polyps look a bit like underwater flowers, using their tentacles to catch and eat zooplankton.

珊瑚蟲看起來有點像水下花朵，它們用觸手捕捉浮游動物並將其吃掉。

Eventually the polyps begin to bud, splitting off into an ephyra, or immature jelly, which then develops into a medusa, the form we usually recognize as a jellyfish.

最後，息肉開始萌芽，分裂成epyra，即未成熟的水母，然後發育成medusa，也就是我們通常所說的水母。

Despite all of the time it took to get there, a mature jellyfish usually only lives up to about a year.

儘管花了這麼多時間，但成熟水母的壽命通常只有一年左右。

Distinctive and often beautiful, jellyfish may seem like calm and peaceful ocean creatures.

水母是一種獨特而美麗的海洋生物，看似平靜安詳。

Although some types of jellyfish are harmless, others are dangerous predators that can prove painful or even deadly to those who venture too close.

雖然有些類型的水母不會對人體造成傷害，但有些水母卻是危險的捕食者，它們會讓過於靠近的人感到疼痛甚至致命。

I hope you enjoyed learning about jellyfish today.

希望你們喜歡今天學習水母的過程。

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為孩子們介紹水母：兒童水母 - FreeSchool (All About Jellyfish for Kids: Jellyfish for Children - FreeSchool)

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