Name: 股市動盪後特朗普為關稅辯護 | BBC News (Trump defends tariffs after stock market turmoil | BBC News)
Uploaded: 2025-04-07T14:22:55.000Z
Duration: 16 min 16 s

We start with the continuing turmoil in the financial markets.

我們從金融市場的持續動盪說起。

In the last hour, stock markets have opened in Europe.

過去一小時，歐洲股市已經開盤。

情態副詞

The DAX in Frankfurt is down more than 6.5% currently.

法蘭克福 DAX 指數目前下跌超過 6.5%。

The FTSE 100 down around 5% and the index in Paris down nearly 6% in early trading.

英國富時 100 指數早盤下跌約 5%，巴黎指數下跌近 6%。

President Trump's tariffs are continuing to send shockwaves and fuel fears of a recession.

特朗普總統的關稅政策繼續引發衝擊波，加劇了人們對經濟衰退的擔憂。

Now, stock markets across Asia have seen an absolute sea of red at one point in early trading.

現在，整個亞洲股市在早盤交易中一度出現了絕對的紅海。

The main market in Japan, the Nikkei, was down by nearly 9%.

日本主要市場日經指數下跌了近 9%。

The Hang Seng index in Hong Kong is currently down more than 13% and the markets in South Korea and Taiwan have also fallen sharply into negative territory.

香港恆生指數目前下跌超過 13%，韓國和臺灣市場也大幅下跌至負值。

In China, investors have warned people to brace themselves for what they're calling Ugly Monday.

在中國，投資者警告人們做好準備，迎接所謂的 "醜陋星期一"。

President Trump, for now, is ignoring the turmoil on the stock market.

目前，特朗普總統對股市動盪視而不見。

Speaking on Air Force One, he said, sometimes you have to take medicine to fix the problem.

他在 "空軍一號 "上說，有時你必須吃藥才能解決問題。

He insisted that jobs and investments were returning to the US.

他堅稱，就業和投資正在迴歸美國。

What's going to happen with the market, I can't tell you, but I can tell you our country has gotten a lot stronger and eventually it will be a country like no other.

市場會發生什麼，我不能告訴你，但我可以告訴你，我們的國家已經變得更加強大，最終將成為一個獨一無二的國家。

It will be the most dominant country economically in the world, which is what it should be.

它將成為世界上經濟上最主要的國家，而這正是它應該成為的。

Is there pain in the market at some point?

市場在某些時候會出現陣痛嗎？

You're unwilling to tolerate this idea of a Trump put.

你不願意容忍特朗普的這種想法。

I don't want anything to go down, but sometimes you have to take medicine to fix something.

我不希望任何東西倒下，但有時你必須吃藥才能解決問題。

We have been treated so badly by other countries because we had stupid leadership that allowed this to happen.

我們受到其他國家如此惡劣的對待，是因為我們有愚蠢的領導層，允許這種情況發生。

Marika Oyanar, Asia Business Hub, has the latest from there.

亞洲商業中心的瑪麗卡-奧亞納爾（Marika Oyanar）為您帶來那裡的最新消息。

It has been described by some analysts as even a financial bloodbath, as all we've been seeing all day was a sea of red arrows pointing downwards.

一些分析師甚至將其形容為一場金融血洗，因為我們整天看到的都是一片指向下方的紅色箭頭。

As you said, Japan's Nikkei has finished trading for the day down 7%, and it goes to show how this is a deeper sell-off than what we saw on Thursday and Friday, and that's because investors are growing increasingly concerned about the escalating global trade war and also the impact on the global economy because, of course, it was on Friday evening, our time, Asia time, when Beijing retaliated with that 34% tariffs on all American products entering China, which really escalated that fear of global trade war.

正如你所說的，日本日經指數當天交易結束時下跌了 7%，這說明這次拋售比我們在週四和週五看到的拋售更為嚴重，這是因為投資者越來越擔心全球貿易戰的升級以及對全球經濟的影響，當然，就在亞洲時間週五晚上，中國政府對所有進入中國的美國產品徵收 34% 的關稅進行了報復，這確實升級了對全球貿易戰的擔憂。

In terms of the impact on the global economy, I think we've been hearing from a lot of economists talking about these tariffs pushing up prices in the United States and pushing the US economy into a recession, but some are even worried that the global economy could fall into a recession as well.

就對全球經濟的影響而言，我認為我們已經聽到很多經濟學家在談論這些關稅會推高美國的物價，使美國經濟陷入衰退，但有些人甚至擔心全球經濟也會陷入衰退。

And, of course, the impact on the global supply chain, as we've been talking about it, that's something that they're worried about too.

當然，正如我們一直在談論的那樣，對全球供應鏈的影響也是他們擔心的問題。

Let's talk to our business presenter, Sally Bondock.

下面有請我們的商務主持人莎莉-邦多克（Sally Bondock）。

Sally, just give us an overview how bad things are.

莎莉，給我們介紹一下情況有多糟吧。

Pretty bad, as you were hearing from Mariko there.

真糟糕，就像你從丸子那裡聽到的那樣。

And, I mean, you outlined just how dramatic the open has been in Europe this morning.

而且，我的意思是，你概述了今天上午歐洲的開盤情況有多麼戲劇性。

It's not overstating it to say it's carnage or a bloodbath or any of those adjectives to describe how today is progressing.

用大屠殺、浴血奮戰或其他形容詞來形容今天的事態發展並不為過。

And, actually, the bookies or the futures markets are predicting we'll see a dramatic decline again today on Wall Street.

事實上，博彩公司或期貨市場預測，今天華爾街將再次出現大幅下跌。

And what's kind of fed into this is, of course, Trump's tariffs.

當然，特朗普的關稅政策也是其中的一個因素。

That's the reason for the massive sell-off.

I think his defiance that we saw there on Air Force One as he was setting off or landing or whichever way he was going is really being read in markets as he's staying put, he's hanging tough, whatever phrases he's using.

我認為，我們在空軍一號上看到的他在起飛或著陸時的蔑視態度，或者無論他走的是哪條路，在市場上都會被解讀為他在原地踏步，他在堅守陣地，無論他用的是什麼措辭。

Therefore, many investors now are pricing in this could be a long, hard battle.

是以，現在許多投資者都認為這可能是一場漫長而艱苦的戰鬥。

And the impact that will have on economies around the world, the global economy is not going to be good.

這將對全球經濟產生不利影響。

And, actually, some are pricing in recession.

實際上，一些國家的定價正在衰退。

Goldman Sachs today increased the chances of a US recession to 45% this year.

高盛（Goldman Sachs）今天將今年美國經濟衰退的可能性提高到 45%。

So everyone is readjusting all their outlook now and they're pricing in bad stuff, basically.

是以，現在每個人都在重新調整自己的前景，基本上都在為壞消息定價。

When we hear about share prices tumbling, how does that translate into an economic recession, real-life effects that people will feel?

當我們聽到股價暴跌時，如何將其轉化為經濟衰退，以及人們將感受到的實際影響？

Well, when it comes to how we might feel the impact right now, I mean, for people who are trading markets on a daily basis, they're speculators.

好吧，說到我們現在可能感受到的影響，我的意思是，對於每天都在進行市場交易的人來說，他們是投機者。

There's lots of people who do that at home.

They're sitting in front of a terminal and they're trying to make money.

他們坐在終端機前，努力賺錢。

For them, it's really tough because they're either going to lose a lot or they might win a lot depending on how good they are.

對他們來說，這真的很艱難，因為他們要麼會輸很多，要麼可能會贏很多，這取決於他們有多優秀。

For those of us who have pensions, so I'm not trading shares on a daily basis, but I do have a pension that I will one day be making use of.

對於我們這些有養老金的人來說，我並不是每天都在交易股票，但我確實有一筆養老金，總有一天我會用到它。

So most pensions globally will have gone down in terms of their paper value.

是以，全球大多數養老金的紙面價值都會下降。

But, of course, the good news about that is I'm not retiring anytime soon.

當然，好消息是我不會很快退休。

And so, therefore, by the time I do retire, the hope is that markets will have recovered significantly.

是以，到我退休時，希望市場已經大幅復甦。

And that's why those who manage people's money, personal finance investors, investment advisors, always say you invest for the long term.

這就是為什麼那些管理人們資金的人，個人理財投資者，投資顧問，總是說你要進行長期投資。

And by that you mean a long time, one year, five years, ten years or more.

你說的 "長時間 "是指一年、五年、十年或更長的時間。

Because there are lots of volatility on stock markets.

And in my career, I've seen massive sell-offs.

在我的職業生涯中，我看到過大規模的拋售。

Previously, when the 2008 financial crisis happened, when the global pandemic happened, markets fell off a cliff.

在此之前，當 2008 年金融危機發生時，當全球大流行病發生時，市場從懸崖上跌落。

Sally, we're just looking at pictures from Luxembourg because EU ministers responsible for trade are arriving there currently.

莎莉，我們現在看到的是來自盧森堡的圖片，因為歐盟負責貿易的部長們正在抵達盧森堡。

They're going to talk to the media, we think, about how the European Union should best respond to this series of tariffs, as well as a decision on EU relations with China.

我們認為，他們將與媒體討論歐盟應如何最好地應對這一系列關稅，以及歐盟與中國關係的決定。

But that is a problem for so many countries to decide what to do now, whether to retaliate or not to, and hope that perhaps you can negotiate something better.

但是，這對許多國家來說都是一個問題，要決定現在該怎麼做，是報復還是不報復，並希望也許可以談判出更好的結果。

And time is of the essence because we saw the blanket 10% tariffs come in over the weekend.

時間緊迫，因為我們看到 10%的全面關稅已於上週末生效。

But those more specific retaliatory tariffs on the part of the US begin on Wednesday.

但美國方面更具體的報復性關稅將於本週三開始徵收。

So between now and Wednesday, the European Union, European Commission have got the chance to negotiate with President Trump because, of course, he said he called Europe one of the worst offenders.

是以，從現在到週三，歐盟和歐盟委員會都有機會與特朗普總統進行談判，當然，因為他說他稱歐洲是最嚴重的罪犯之一。

And the tariffs on all European goods is sitting at 20%, which is huge for some industries like the champagne industry, the wine sector, cosmetics, cars is 25%.

對所有歐洲商品徵收的關稅為 20%，這對某些行業（如香檳業、葡萄酒業、化妝品、汽車等）來說是一個巨大的數字。

And actually, if you look on the stock markets today and you look at some of the biggest losers, it's VW, it's Mercedes, Peugeot, Citroen, those kind of companies.

實際上，如果你看看今天的股市，看看一些最大的輸家，大眾、奔馳、標緻、雪鐵龍，都是這樣的公司。

So for the trade ministers meeting now in Luxembourg, they're going to be talking about that.

是以，現在在盧森堡舉行的貿易部長會議將討論這個問題。

Ursula von der Leyen, the European Commission president, has been very forthright, very strong, talking about a united front in Europe and how we will come back with our tariffs as well.

歐盟委員會主席烏蘇拉-馮德萊恩（Ursula von der Leyen）非常直率、非常強硬地談到了歐洲的統一戰線，以及我們將如何以我們的關稅還擊。

She talked about €26 billion worth of tariffs on American goods coming into Europe, which will hit US hard.

她談到將對進入歐洲的美國商品徵收價值 260 億歐元的關稅，這將對美國造成沉重打擊。

But that's not been confirmed yet because, of course, they want to negotiate.

但這一點尚未得到證實，因為他們當然希望進行談判。

They want to try and get a deal before Wednesday.

他們希望在週三之前達成協議。

How great is this secondary fear that these tariffs will end up with cheaper goods going elsewhere, being dumped on other countries that don't have tariffs?

這些關稅最終會導致更便宜的商品流向別處，傾銷到其他不徵收關稅的國家，這種二級恐懼有多大？

It's a huge fear because China, for example, if we just give an example of that, BYD, massive electric vehicle maker in China, they're cheap.

這是一種巨大的恐懼，因為以中國為例，比亞迪是中國大型電動汽車製造商，他們的產品很便宜。

They can make them really cheaply in China and then export them all over the world.

他們可以在中國以非常低廉的價格製造這些產品，然後出口到世界各地。

And that's one of the things that President Trump is not happy about whatsoever.

這也是特朗普總統不滿意的地方之一。

So if far fewer BYD cars are being sold in the United States, well, where are they all going to go?

那麼，如果在美國銷售的比亞迪汽車數量大大減少，這些汽車又該何去何從呢？

I mean, of course, we've put tariffs on Chinese cars actually anyway here in Europe.

當然，在歐洲，我們已經對中國汽車徵收了關稅。

But the point is with steel, with other products that are being heavily tariffed going into the States, if they're channeled elsewhere, then it could end up here in the UK, dumped on our markets or on European markets or other markets, and then it makes it really difficult to compete with that, like British steel, for example.

但問題是，對於鋼鐵和其他被徵收高額關稅進入美國的產品，如果它們被轉運到其他地方，那麼最終可能會流入英國，傾銷到我們的市場、歐洲市場或其他市場，然後就很難與之競爭了，比如英國鋼鐵。

So that's a real issue, and that's something that the prime minister has implied.

是以，這是一個真正的問題，而這也是首相所暗示的。

He's going to deliver a speech later today about ways that the UK government can try and cushion the blow for UK industry.

他將在今天晚些時候發表講話，闡述英國政府可以採取哪些措施來緩解英國工業受到的衝擊。

But it's expected there'll be some sort of discussion about anti-dumping measures, measures put in place to stop that from happening.

但預計會有一些關於反傾銷措施的討論，以及為阻止這種情況發生而採取的措施。

Sally, you've been speaking to a lot of different analysts over the last few hours.

莎莉，在過去的幾個小時裡，你和很多不同的分析師都談過話。

The consensus on tariffs per se, they're not always a bad thing, but the consensus really about what's happened this time is that it is such a blanket application of tariffs.

人們對關稅本身的共識是，關稅並不總是一件壞事，但人們對這次發生的事情的共識是，關稅的適用範圍太廣了。

I think the difference is, something that President Trump has said quite a few times is he refers back to the 1930s or whatever, when this was massively introduced on a huge level before, seen as a big protectionist policy that led to economic growth in the US eventually.

我認為不同之處在於，特朗普總統曾多次提到20世紀30年代或其他什麼年代，當時在很大程度上引入了這一政策，並將其視為一項重大的保護主義政策，最終導致了美國的經濟增長。

The difference, though, then compared to now is the globalisation of industry, of business, of commerce in the recent decades, because, of course, it's all been about world trade, it's all been about where is it most efficient to do things and make things and produce things, and then we just ship it all over the world and sell it.

不過，當時與現在的不同之處在於，近幾十年來工業、商業和貿易的全球化，因為這一切當然都與世界貿易有關，都與在哪裡做事、製造東西和生產東西最有效率有關，然後我們就把它們運往世界各地銷售。

And, you know, protectionism was at a minimum.

而且，你知道，保護主義已經降到了最低點。

And because everything has changed, it means that now that you implement tariffs, it's not going to have the same impact as it did back in the 1930s.

由於一切都發生了變化，這意味著現在實施關稅，其影響不會像 20 世紀 30 年代那樣大。

And the consequences of implementing tariffs to such a great degree across the world is huge, and we're seeing the markets playing out the fear factor of what the impact could be on the global economy, because you can't just unravel supply chains that are global and all the various aspects of business and commerce that have been crossing borders very easily for decades.

在全球範圍內如此大範圍地實施關稅，其後果是巨大的，我們看到市場正在渲染對全球經濟可能產生的影響的恐懼因素，因為你不能就這樣拆散全球供應鏈，拆散幾十年來非常容易跨越國界的商業和貿易的方方面面。

And you're not going to suddenly be able to build a factory in America and make goods and sell them in America with American workers.

你不可能突然就能在美國建廠，用美國工人在美國生產和銷售商品。

It's not going to happen quickly, and that's the worry.

這不會很快發生，而這正是令人擔憂的地方。

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股市動盪後特朗普為關稅辯護 | BBC News (Trump defends tariffs after stock market turmoil | BBC News)

essentially

massive

tough

term