Name: Juce 教程 01- 文檔窗口類 (Juce Tutorial 01- The Document Window Class)
Uploaded: 2025-03-21T21:49:52.000Z
Duration: 17 min 43 s

to 不定詞

I'd like to welcome you to your second Guice framework tutorial.

歡迎您閱讀第二個 Guice 框架教程。

現在進行式

Today we're going to be going over the document windows class, which is what allows us to create a blank window for our app where we can change its appearance and size.

今天，我們將學習文檔窗口類，它允許我們為應用程序創建一個空白窗口，我們可以改變它的外觀和大小。

As I've said before, I'm learning Guice myself, so I'm going to be creating these new tutorials as I learn, and I hope that they're going to help you learn as well.

正如我之前說過的，我自己也在學習 Guice，所以我會在學習過程中創建這些新教程，希望它們也能幫助你學習。

And because I'm just learning the Guice framework, I'm going to be a little bit more thorough with the way that I'm going through these classes and through these tutorials.

由於我剛開始學習 Guice 框架，所以在學習這些課程和教程的過程中，我會更加深入。

So I'm going to be basically trying to explain everything that I can rather than just throwing in random stuff.

是以，我基本上會盡力解釋我所能解釋的一切，而不是隨口亂說。

So as I said before, today we're going to be going through the document windows class, and that's going to allow us to create basically a blank slate with maximize and minimize windows and close windows for us to create our application.

正如我之前所說，今天我們將學習文檔窗口類，這將允許我們創建一個帶有最大化、最小化窗口和關閉窗口的白板，以便創建我們的應用程序。

This is going to follow closely the Guice application window class tutorial that's on their website, and I'm going to link that below.

這將緊跟 Guice 網站上的 Guice 應用程序窗口類教程，我將在下面鏈接該教程。

There's also a project that I'm going to link below as well that I've downloaded from the Guice website, and this is what I'm going to be following along with, and I would advise you to download that project as well and follow along so you can learn.

我還會在下面鏈接一個我從 Guice 網站上下載的項目，這就是我要跟進的內容，我建議你也下載這個項目並跟進，這樣你就能學到東西了。

So I'm just going to open this project here, which is mainwindowtutorial.juicer.

是以，我要在這裡打開這個項目，即 mainwindowtutorial.juicer。

So we're just going to go through just the steps.

I like to do a lot of repetition to try to get to know the workflow of something new.

我喜歡反覆練習，嘗試瞭解新事物的工作流程。

So just going through opening the Pro Juicer, and we have our main.cpp file here.

打開 Pro Juicer，我們就會看到 main.cpp 文件。

So now we're just going to open it up in Xcode.

現在，我們只需在 Xcode 中打開它。

Okay, we're on Mac once again, so just going to wait for that to open.

好的，我們現在又在 Mac 上，所以只需等待打開即可。

Okay, so I've taken a look at this already and kind of gone through it, so I'm going to explain it to you the best that I can.

好吧，我已經看了一遍，也算是看完了，所以我會盡我所能向你們解釋。

This may look like a lot to really take in, but trust me, when you break it down, it's a little bit more simple than it probably looks at first.

這看起來似乎很難接受，但相信我，當你把它分解開來，它可能比一開始看起來要簡單一些。

So first, we have a class called mainwindowtutorialapplication, which we can see inherits from another class called the Guice application.

首先，我們有一個名為 mainwindowtutorialapplication 的類，我們可以看到它繼承自另一個名為 Guice 應用程序的類。

This is just really what allows the Guice framework in your app to kind of start and shut down when it needs to shut down.

這實際上就是讓應用程序中的 Guice 框架在需要關閉時啟動和關閉。

So it's just, you know, you're kind of overriding functionality.

所以，你知道，這只是一種覆蓋功能。

So these functions here are just kind of your basic functionality for the Guice framework.

是以，這些函數只是 Guice 框架的基本功能。

Okay, and then if we scroll down a little bit further, we see another class that's inside of this that's called mainwindow, which inherits from what we were discussing before, the document window class.

好的，如果我們再向下滾動一點，就會看到在這個類裡面還有一個叫做 mainwindow 的類，它繼承自我們之前討論過的文檔窗口類。

Okay, so what we're going to do first is we're going to just command click into document window, command click into this class here just so we can take a look and see the documentation on what exactly the document window class is.

好了，我們首先要做的就是命令點擊文檔窗口，命令點擊這裡的這個類，這樣我們就可以看看文檔窗口類到底是什麼了。

Okay, so we're going to click in there, and I should mention that in my readings I've seen that what they say is that when you're creating a class within Guice, what you would normally do is inherit from a Guice class in this type of fashion, and that'll allow you to have the functionality that you need to do whatever you need to do, and then also to create new things as you need to add more scope to your class.

好的，我們將在這裡點擊，我應該提到的是，在我的閱讀中，我看到他們說當你在 Guice 中創建一個類時，你通常會做的是以這種方式從一個 Guice 類繼承，這將允許你擁有你需要做的任何事情所需的功能，然後也可以創建新的東西，因為你需要為你的類添加更多的範圍。

The documentation is really good in Guice, so we can see here that it just says that the document window class is a resizable window that has a title bar, maximize, minimize, and close buttons.

Guice 的文檔非常出色，是以我們可以看到，文檔窗口類是一個可調整大小的窗口，它有標題欄、最大化、最小化和關閉按鈕。

Okay, now if we scroll down just a little bit, we can take a look at the that we have our constructor here that has a set of parameters, so we're just taking a look at what those are about.

好了，現在如果我們向下滾動一點，就可以看到我們的構造函數有一組參數，所以我們只需看看這些參數是什麼。

Okay, so here we have just an explanation here up above, so we have a name for our window, a background color, and then the required buttons.

好了，現在我們對上面的內容做一個解釋，為我們的窗口起一個名字，選擇背景顏色，然後選擇所需的按鈕。

Now, I found it really interesting the way that these buttons are set up, and it was something new that I learned, and I thought that I should just take a moment to just kind of go through that for other people that might not know.

現在，我發現這些按鈕的設置方式真的很有趣，這是我學到的新東西，我想我應該花點時間為其他可能不知道的人介紹一下。

So this approach that they are taking to adding certain buttons or taking them away is called a bit mask.

是以，他們所採取的這種增加或取消某些按鈕的方法被稱為 "位掩碼"。

Okay, and I've just kind of typed this down real quick.

好吧，我只是快速地把這些打下來。

So if you know about bitwise operations, this is basically where instead of talking about numbers specifically, you're actually talking about the numbers as they're in binary and using these to actually create functions.

是以，如果你瞭解位運算，這基本上就是不具體討論數字，而是討論二進制數字，並使用這些數字創建函數。

So that might sound a little bit confusing.

是以，這聽起來可能有點令人困惑。

Let me see if I can explain a little bit better.

讓我看看能否解釋得清楚一點。

So if we look here, okay, and if we go back to thinking about numbers in binary, okay, if we just look here at this 0001, okay, that's one, that's the number one in binary, right?

所以，如果我們看這裡，好的，如果我們回到二進制數字的思考，好的，如果我們只看這裡的 0001，好的，那是 1，那是二進制中的數字 1，對嗎？

So and then if we look at 0010, that's the number two in binary, and then four in binary is 0100.

是以，如果我們看一下 0010，這就是二進制中的數字 2，然後二進制中的數字 4 是 0100。

Okay, so if we just look over here to the left, the way that they've got these title button bars, title bar buttons, rather.

好的，如果我們看一下左側的標題按鈕欄，標題欄按鈕。

So you can see that the minimize button is would be button one, maximize button would be button two, close button would be four, if you want all the buttons, it would be seven.

是以，你可以看到最小化按鈕是一號按鈕，最大化按鈕是二號按鈕，關閉按鈕是四號按鈕，如果你想要所有按鈕，那就是七號按鈕。

Okay, which is a little bit strange, but I find it really interesting.

好吧，這有點奇怪，但我覺得真的很有趣。

And so you can see that I shouldn't take too long on this, but I just found it really fascinating.

所以你可以看到，我不應該在這個問題上花太多時間，但我只是覺得它真的很吸引人。

So you can see here that if it's just the one in the one spot, then it's just minimize, if it's just the one in the two, in the twos spot, then it would be the maximize button, and then just the one in the fours spot, then it would be just the close button.

是以，你可以看到，如果只有一個位置上的那個按鈕，那麼它就是最小化按鈕；如果只有兩個位置上的那個按鈕，那麼它就是最大化按鈕；如果只有四個位置上的那個按鈕，那麼它就是關閉按鈕。

But if it's all of them, then it's all the buttons.

但如果是所有按鈕，那就是所有按鈕。

Okay, so yeah, I just found that interesting.

好吧，是的，我只是覺得這很有趣。

And I'll link you to a tutorial video on bitmasks.

我還會給你鏈接一個關於 bitmasks 的教程視頻。

And yeah, it's the tutorial that I read in juice said that they use that quite often as well.

是的，我在果汁中讀到的教程說，他們也經常使用這種方法。

So something that you probably want to pick up if don't know it already.

所以，如果你還不知道的話，不妨去了解一下。

So we have the document window constructor, as I said before, okay, so it has a name.

正如我之前所說，我們有了文檔窗口構造函數，它有一個名稱。

And then if we look, if we go back just above here, to our initialize, okay, so the applications initialization codes, that's what happens when the application first starts.

然後，如果我們看一下，如果我們回到這裡，回到我們的初始化，好的，所以應用程序初始化代碼，這就是應用程序第一次啟動時發生的事情。

Okay, so we got main window equals new main window, get application names that so if I compile that right now, okay, and then um, so I'm just gonna compile that quickly here.

好了，主窗口等於新主窗口，獲取應用程序名稱，如果我現在就編譯，好的，然後嗯，我就在這裡快速編譯。

Okay, so we can see here that we have a window that's called main window tutorial, which is the same as my app name.

好了，我們可以看到這裡有一個名為 "主窗口教程 "的窗口，與我的應用程序名稱相同。

Okay, then we can see that it's it's 300 by 200, it was in the center of the screen when it compiled, and then set visible is the true which just means that it appears on the screen.

好的，我們可以看到它的大小是 300 乘 200，編譯時位於螢幕中央，然後設置可見為 true，這就意味著它出現在螢幕上。

Okay, so let's just change a couple things here.

So as I said before, this uses a bit mask to, to create the which buttons appear and which ones disappear.

是以，正如我之前說過的，這使用了位掩碼來創建哪些按鈕出現，哪些按鈕消失。

Okay, so let's just try button number four, right?

好吧，讓我們試試第四個按鈕，對嗎？

Okay, there's a couple different ways that we can do this.

好吧，我們有幾種不同的方法來做到這一點。

Okay, so we can we can call that two ways, we can either call it by just by just calling the number four.

好的，我們可以用兩種方式來調用，一種是直接調用數字 "4"。

Okay, so if I go back into documentation again, four is the close button.

好的，如果我再次進入文檔，4 是關閉按鈕。

好吧，這不是很直觀，不是嗎？

So probably a better way of saying it would probably be document window.

是以，更好的說法可能是 "文件窗口"。

好吧，讓我們看看這樣做是否可行。

So we see that the background color is black.

是以，我們可以看到背景顏色是黑色。

So once again, we can just Command click into here, just see what options we have in terms of colors.

是以，我們可以再次點擊這裡，看看在顏色方面有哪些選擇。

好了，我們可以看到所有這些顏色了。

現在我們有了一個更大的窗口。

Okay, so now, what we can do is we can just take a look to see what other functionality that we can get from from this window.

好了，現在我們可以看看這個窗口還能提供哪些功能。

Okay, so the way that I want to do that is by just looking in the juice API itself.

好的，我想通過果汁應用程序接口本身來實現這一點。

Okay, so if we go here to the juice API, just the documentation.

好的，如果我們訪問果汁應用程序接口，只需查看文檔。

Okay, so we need to look in the document window class.

好的，我們需要查看文檔窗口類。

I know some of you might be like, oh, this is, you know, can you just go faster, but I really just want to go through this because this is something that was really useful to me and that I really needed to learn just to get into the kind of flow of how how this framework actually works.

我知道你們中的一些人可能會說，哦，這是，你知道，你能不能走快點，但我真的只是想通過這個，因為這是對我非常有用的東西，我真的需要學習，只是為了進入這個框架如何實際工作的那種流程。

So, so we got document window class reference.

所以，我們得到了文檔窗口類的引用。

Okay, so this tells us all of our all of our functions.

好了，這就告訴了我們所有的功能。

And we can just scroll down here, see what other functionality that we have.

我們可以向下滾動，看看還有哪些功能。

Right, so I've already looked through this didn't really see anything that looked really kind of, you know, that I could demonstrate really easily, but thought it'd be cool just to go down here.

好吧，我已經看了一遍，並沒有看到任何看起來很容易演示的東西，但我覺得從這裡下去會很酷。

So it also shows here what what other classes that is inheriting.

是以，這裡還顯示了它繼承了哪些其他類。