Scientists say there are three types.

科學家們說有三種類型。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

這是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。

I'm Sian. And I'm Beth.

我是Sian。而我是貝絲。

Make sure you watch to the end to learn how to talk about the story.

確保你觀看到最後，學習如何談論這個故事。

And remember: Subscribe to our channel, like this video,

請記住。訂閱我們的頻道，喜歡這個視頻。

and try the quiz on our website.

並嘗試在我們的網站上進行測驗。

Now, today's story.

現在，今天的故事。

Long Covid.

Long Covid。

Millions of people around the world have reported symptoms of Covid-19

世界各地有數百萬人報告了Covid-19的症狀。

more than twelve weeks after getting the disease.

得病後超過12周。

Now, research by scientists in the UK

現在，英國科學家的研究

has identified three different types of long Covid.

已經確定了三種不同類型的Long Covid。

Some people suffer brain fog and headaches.

有些人出現腦霧和頭痛。

Others have breathing problems.

其他人有呼吸問題。

And a third group experience a range of symptoms.

而第三組則經歷了一系列的症狀。

Before we look at the headlines,

在我們看頭條新聞之前。

a quick look at the word 'brain fog'.

快速瞭解一下 "腦霧 "這個詞。

This is a condition when you feel confusion

這是你感到困惑的一種情況

and you can't think clearly.

而你無法清楚地思考。

Now, let's look at the vocabulary today, Beth.

現在，讓我們看看今天的詞彙，貝絲。

So today,

所以今天。

we have 'unknown enemy', 'rockets' and 'being sold'.

我們有 "未知的敵人"、"火箭 "和 "正在出售"。

This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

這是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。

Let's have a look at our first headline.

讓我們看一下我們的第一個標題。

This one comes from the Guardian:

這篇報道來自《衛報》。

So, this headline is from an opinion piece about long Covid, and the word

是以，這個標題來自一篇關於長科維德的評論文章，而這個詞

we're looking at here is 'unknown enemy'. So, 'enemy' -

我們在這裡看到的是'未知的敵人'。是以，'敵人' -

that's the opposite of a friend, right?

那是朋友的反面，對嗎？

Well, yeah.

嗯，是的。

As I'm sure you know, an enemy is someone that hates you.

我相信你知道，敵人就是討厭你的人。

They want to harm you.

他們想傷害你。

You have to defend yourself against them.

你必須為自己辯護，反對他們。

We can think of some good fictional examples from films and books.

我們可以從電影和書籍中想到一些好的虛構例子。

Yes, so in Star Wars

是的，所以在《星球大戰》中

we have Luke Skywalker and Darth Vader

我們有盧克-天行者和達斯-維德

are enemies. We have Harry Potter and Voldemort.

是敵人。我們有哈利波特和伏地魔。

They are enemies, but also ordinary people like us. We can have enemies too.

他們是敵人，但也是像我們這樣的普通人。我們也可以有敵人。

Yeah. And usually you know quite a bit about your enemy.

是的。而且通常你對你的敵人有相當多的瞭解。

You probably know their personality and their type of behaviour,

你可能知道他們的個性和他們的行為類型。

but an 'unknown enemy' is different. And with long Covid,

但 "未知的敵人 "是不同的。而且有很長的Covid。

we have the perfect example,

我們有一個完美的例子。

as in this headline.

如這個標題。

Yeah. So, because it is so new scientists don't really know that much about long

是的。所以，因為它是如此之新，科學家們並不真正瞭解長壽。

Covid yet. They haven't had enough time to study it,

科維德還沒有。他們還沒有足夠的時間來研究它。

so it's behaviour isn't known, and for that reason we call it an unknown enemy.

所以它的行為並不為人所知，為此我們稱它為未知的敵人。

And the sense here

而這裡的意義

is that it's more worrying because it's unknown.

是，它更令人擔憂，因為它是未知的。

So, it might not be as bad as we think.

是以，它可能沒有我們想象的那麼糟糕。

But then again, it might be a lot worse.

但話說回來，情況可能會更糟。

And that's the key meaning of 'unknown enemy'.

而這就是'未知的敵人'的關鍵含義。

Indeed. And there's that old saying, isn't there?

的確如此。還有那句老話，不是嗎？

'Know your enemy'.

瞭解你的敵人"。

At least you know what to expect. Or the phrase:

至少你知道該期待什麼。或者說這句話。

'Keep your friends close.

'把你的朋友留在身邊。

Keep your enemies closer.'

讓你的敵人更接近'。

Well, it's a good job we're friends then, Sian.

好吧，那我們是朋友就好了，西安。

Exactly. Let's look at that again.

正是如此。讓我們再看看這個。

Let's have our next headline. This one comes from ITV:

讓我們來看看下一個標題。這條新聞來自ITV。

OK. So, the headline is saying that demand for medical services

好的。所以，標題是說，對醫療服務的需求

for people suffering from long

為患有長期疾病的人

Covid has increased very quickly. And the word

Covid的增長速度非常快。而這個詞

we're looking at here is 'rockets'.

我們在這裡看到的是 "火箭"。

Now, I know what a rocket is.

現在，我知道什麼是火箭了。

Yes, it's something that blasts

是的，它是一種可以爆炸的東西

off the ground into space. It can also be a weapon.

離開地面進入太空。它也可以成為一種武器。

It's really just something that goes up

它真的只是一些上升的東西

and goes up very quickly.

而且上升得非常快。

But here, we are not talking

但在這裡，我們不是在談論

about an actual rocket,

關於一個實際的火箭。

are we? Here, in the headline,

我們是嗎？在這裡，在頭條新聞中。

it's used as a verb.

它被用作一個動詞。

Yes, it is a verb and it's used metaphorically, but really,

是的，它是一個動詞，而且是用在比喻上，但是真的。

it's just the same sense as the rocket that blasts into space.

這和火箭飛向太空的意義是一樣的。

So, it's something that goes up very quickly,

是以，這是一個很快就會上升的東西。

and thinking back to the headline,

並回想了一下標題。

we heard that demand for medical services from people with long

我們聽說，長期臥床的人對醫療服務的需求量很大。

Covid has gone up quickly.

科維德已經迅速上升。

Exactly. But it's not just demands that can rocket, is it?

正是如此。但是，不僅僅是需求會產生火箭，是嗎？

What other things can rocket?

還有什麼東西可以火箭化？

Yeah. So, you can use in other ways. For example,

是的。是以，你可以以其他方式使用。比如說。

prices can rocket. Now,

價格可能會飆升。現在。

inflation is something that is affecting almost everyone in the world right now,

通貨膨脹是目前影響世界上幾乎所有人的事情。

so, prices are rocketing. Or even 'sky rocketing' -

是以，價格正在飆升。甚至是 "天價"--

which is a more extreme way of saying the same thing.

這是對同一件事更極端的說法。

Let's look at that again.

讓我們再看一下。

Can we have the next headline, please, Beth?

請給我們下一個頭條，貝絲？

Yes, this one comes from The Conversation:

是的，這篇文章來自《對話》。

OK. So, let's break this headline down.

好的。是以，讓我們把這個頭條新聞分解一下。

So, there are a list of three possible cures that they say

是以，他們說有三個可能的治療方法清單

are being sold. And we're going to look at the use of this 'being sold' here.

正在銷售。而我們要看一下這個 "被賣 "在這裡的用法。

Yeah. And this is a bit more complicated than you might think.

是的。而這比你可能想象的要複雜一些。

So, I'm sure you know that

是以，我相信你知道

'sold' comes from 'sell', and 'sell' is giving something in return for money.

'sold'來自'sell'，'sell'是給東西換取錢。

So, are we talking about people paying money for these cures?

那麼，我們是否在談論人們為這些治療方法付出金錢？

Yes. And this is the confusing part.

是的。而這是令人困惑的部分。

So, some people are actually paying money for cures,

是以，有些人實際上是在花錢買治病。

but we can also use 'sell' in another way.

但我們也可以用另一種方式來使用'銷售'。

So, it can mean that someone is trying to convince

所以，這可能意味著有人在試圖說服

or persuade someone else that something is right

說服別人的事是對的

or a good idea. And in this case, no money needs to be involved.

或一個好主意。而在這種情況下，不需要涉及金錢。

Yes, and 'sell' is often used in this way to talk about ideas. So, for example:

是的，而且'賣'經常以這種方式被用來談論想法。是以，舉例來說。

'He tried to sell me the idea that people didn't really land on the Moon'.

'他試圖向我推銷人們並沒有真正登陸月球的觀點'。

So, this means he tried to persuade me

所以，這意味著他試圖勸說我

that the Moon landings didn't actually happen.

登月並沒有真正發生。

Yes. Good example. And the sense is often that

是的。好例子。而人們的感覺是，往往

the thing that someone is trying to convince you of is

有人想讓你相信的事情是

maybe a bit wrong or you can't really trust it.

也許有點錯，或者你不能真正相信它。

But, you can trust us.

但是，你可以相信我們。

We will never try and sell you a bad definition.

我們永遠不會試圖向你推銷一個不好的定義。

So, let's look at that again.

是以，讓我們再看看這個問題。

OK. So, we had 'unknown enemy' - something or someone wants to harm you,

好的。所以，我們有 "未知的敵人"--有東西或人想傷害你。

but you don't know how. 'Rockets' - goes

但你不知道怎麼做。火箭" - 去

up quickly'. 'Being sold' - being persuaded

迅速上升'。'被賣'--被說服

that something is a good idea,

那件事是個好主意。

but can you trust it?

但你能相信它嗎？

Don't forget, there is a quiz on our website:

不要忘記，我們的網站上有一個測驗。

bbclearningenglish.com

bbclearningenglish.com

Thank you for joining us, goodbye. Bye.

謝謝你加入我們，再見。再見。