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  • In 2019, the world's airlines carried 4.5 billion passengers

    2019年,世界上的航空公司運送了45億乘客

  • and released 920 million metric tons of CO2.

    並釋放了9.2億公噸的二氧化碳。

  • Then COVID hit.

    然後,COVID來了。

  • Planes were grounded, borders were shut down, and the air temporarily cleared

    飛機被停飛,邊境被關閉,空氣暫時得到淨化......

  • giving us time to contemplate all of the ways we're impacting Earth.

    讓我們有時間去思考我們影響地球的所有方式。

  • So, when the airline industry does make its comeback, will it be able to do so in an environmentally friendly way?

    是以,當航空業真的捲土重來時,它是否能夠以環保的方式進行?

  • Pre-COVID, aviation was one of the fastest-growing sources of greenhouse gas emissions,

    在COVID之前,航空是增長最快的溫室氣體排放源之一。

  • rising by about 2% every year since 2000.

    自2000年以來,每年上升約2%。

  • If it were a country, global aviation would rank in the top 10 greenhouse gas emitters,

    如果它是一個國家,全球航空業將排在溫室氣體排放的前10位。

  • ahead of Brazil, Mexico, and the UK.

    領先於巴西、墨西哥和英國。

  • And with its fuel consumption expected to triple over the next 25 years,

    而在未來25年內,其燃料消耗預計將增加兩倍。

  • some governments aren't waiting to take action.

    一些政府並沒有等待採取行動。

  • In June of 2020, the UK government established the JetZero Council,

    2020年6月,英國政府成立了JetZero理事會。

  • part of a post-pandemic green recovery plan that includes the adoption of sustainable technologies

    大流行病後綠色恢復計劃的一部分,包括採用可持續技術

  • to reach the goal of zero-emission flights by 2050.

    以達到在2050年實現零排放飛行的目標。

  • Meanwhile, the French and Dutch governments have tied COVID bailout money for Air France-KLM

    與此同時,法國和荷蘭政府將COVID的救助資金與法航-荷航的救助資金掛鉤

  • to a reduction in carbon emissions.

    以減少碳排放。

  • But how will the global airline industry reach these sustainability goals

    但是,全球航空業將如何實現這些可持續發展目標?

  • while grappling with the massive financial hit from COVID?

    同時努力應對COVID帶來的巨大財務打擊?

  • Well, one of the easiest ways could be to re-think our fuel source.

    那麼,最簡單的方法之一可能是重新思考我們的燃料來源。

  • Sustainable aviation fuel, also known as SAF, is a cleaner substitute for dirty fossil fuels.

    可持續航空燃料,也被稱為SAF,是骯髒的化石燃料的清潔替代品。

  • Unlike traditional fuel like petroleum, SAF is made from waste

    與石油等傳統燃料不同,SAF是由廢物製成的。

  • animal fats, sea scum, lawn clippings, even food scraps!

    動物脂肪、海洋浮渣、草坪碎屑,甚至是食物殘渣!

  • These alternative fuels are chemically similar to petroleum-based jet fuel.

    這些替代燃料在化學上類似於石油基噴氣燃料。

  • Once SAF is combined with conventional fuel, it forms a “blend,” which can bedroppedright into the fuel tank

    一旦SAF與傳統燃料結合,就會形成一種 "混合物",可以直接 "扔 "進油箱。

  • without making any adjustments to the aircraft.

    沒有對飛機進行任何調整。

  • Several pioneering companies are furthering SAFs adoption and helping airlines kick their fossil fuel habit for good.

    一些先鋒公司正在推動SAFs的採用,並幫助航空公司永遠戒除化石燃料的習慣。

  • One contributor is Lanzatech, a Chicago-based biotech start-up.

    一個貢獻者是Lanzatech,一家位於芝加哥的生物技術創業公司。

  • In 2018, they began operating the world's first commercial plant converting industrial waste gases to fuel.

    2018年,他們開始營運世界上第一個將工業廢氣轉換為燃料的商業工廠。

  • Their secret sauce is genetically-modified microbes from rabbit poop.

    他們的祕方是來自兔子糞便的轉基因微生物。

  • Lanzatech is also working with China's leading iron and steel company to ferment carbon monoxide from steel mills.

    Lanzatech還在與中國領先的鋼鐵公司合作,發酵鋼廠的一氧化碳。

  • Microbes transform carbon monoxide to make ethanol, like yeast does with sugars when making beer.

    微生物轉化一氧化碳來製造乙醇,就像酵母在製造啤酒時對糖的作用。

  • This ethanol is then heated in the presence of a catalyst, a substance that speeds-up a reaction,

    然後,這種乙醇在催化劑(一種能加速反應的物質)的存在下被加熱。

  • and converted it into the same hydrogens and carbons that make up traditional fuel.

    並將其轉化為構成傳統燃料的相同的氫和碳。

  • In 2018, Virgin Atlantic successfully used Lanzatech jet fuel on a commercial transatlantic flight.

    2018年,維珍航空在一次跨大西洋的商業飛行中成功使用了Lanzatech噴氣燃料。

  • In Sweden, another company, Renfuel, is tapping the forest for inspiration.

    在瑞典,另一家公司Renfuel正在從森林中獲取靈感。

  • Lignin is a natural polymer that gives trees their strength, but it's also considered a waste product in the paper industry.

    木質素是一種天然的聚合物,使樹木具有強度,但它也被認為是造紙業的一種廢物。

  • Renfuel is converting this material into an oil called LIGNOL, to give it a second life as biofuel.

    Renfuel公司正在將這種材料轉化為一種名為LIGNOL的油,以使其作為生物燃料獲得第二次生命。

  • One of the world's largest financiers of green business, is backing the development of a lignin plant

    世界上最大的綠色商業金融家之一,正在支持一個木質素工廠的發展。

  • that's expected to produce 185,000 tonnes of LIGNOL a year.

    預計每年可生產18.5萬噸的LIGNOL。

  • It's going to go...you guessed it! Right next to a paper mill.

    它要去......你猜對了!就在一個造紙廠旁邊。

  • The plant will be ready in 2021.

    該工廠將在2021年準備就緒。

  • In the Netherlands, a sustainable fuel company, SkyNRG is taking carbon recycling to another level.

    在荷蘭,一家可持續燃料公司SkyNRG正在將碳回收利用提高到另一個水準。

  • As part of a study, they're working with Climeworks to take CO2 directly from the air and convert it into jet fuel.

    作為一項研究的一部分,他們正在與Climeworks公司合作,直接從空氣中提取二氧化碳並將其轉化為噴氣燃料。

  • We've mentioned Climeworks on this channel before; at their Iceland pilot plant, they're capturing CO2 and injecting it into rock!

    我們以前在這個頻道上提到過Climeworks;在他們的冰島試驗工廠,他們正在捕捉二氧化碳並將其注入岩石!"。

  • So, if green aviation tech is here, why aren't we flying guilt-free and green?

    那麼,如果綠色航空技術已經到來,為什麼我們沒有無愧於心的綠色飛行?

  • For starters, there's still not enough incentive for airlines to use new technologies.

    首先,對航空公司來說,仍然沒有足夠的動力來使用新技術。

  • Sustainable aviation fuel costs at least twice as much as traditional jet fuel.

    可持續航空燃料的成本至少是傳統航空燃料的兩倍。

  • Fuel already accounts for up to 30 percent of an airline's operating cost.

    燃油已經佔到了航空公司營運成本的30%。

  • So, for more airlines to use sustainable fuel, it'll need to become less expensive.

    是以,為了讓更多的航空公司使用可持續燃料,它將需要變得更便宜。

  • Because issues like cost have hindered the adoption of SAF, governments are using policy to regulate aviation emissions.

    由於成本等問題阻礙了SAF的採用,政府正在利用政策來規範航空排放。

  • They're introducing SAF mandates, considering fuel taxes, and promoting innovation.

    他們正在引入SAF授權,考慮燃油稅,並促進創新。

  • One thing that seems abundantly clear is we can't do business as usual.

    有一件事似乎非常清楚,那就是我們不能像往常一樣做生意。

  • One of the biggest factors in the adoption of sustainable aviation... is us.

    採用可持續航空的最大因素之一...是我們。

  • By choosing to support companies and policies that encourage a low carbon footprint, we can all do our part to help save the planet.

    通過選擇支持鼓勵低碳足跡的公司和政策,我們都可以為幫助拯救地球盡一份力。

  • Let me know if you liked this video down in the comments below.

    如果你喜歡這個視頻,請在下面的評論中告訴我。

  • Be sure to subscribe and I'll see you next time on Seeker.

    請務必訂閱,我們下次在Seeker上見。

In 2019, the world's airlines carried 4.5 billion passengers

2019年,世界上的航空公司運送了45億乘客

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