Name: 不能出遊好鬱卒？「冒險狂熱」或許是基因使然！ (Why do some people have wanderlust - and not others? | BBC Ideas)
Uploaded: 2020-04-27T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 3 min 38 s

程度副詞

The poet Lovelle Drachman once said: "Blessed are the curious for they shall have adventures" , which is certainly true of people with wanderlust.

詩人 Lovelle Drachman 曾說過：「不忘心中的好奇，人生自是一場冒險」，而這對於某些有「冒險狂熱」的人而言完全正確。

Derived from a German word meaning "a love of hiking" and now used to describe that burning, near physical desire to escape the everyday and explore the unfamiliar.

源自德國單字，意思是「熱愛徒步旅行」，現在用於形容想要逃離日常並探索未知，那熊熊燃燒、近似本能慾望的渴望。

Wanderlust is a common, but not universal experience.

冒險狂熱很常見，但不是所有人都感同身受。

What makes some people catch that travel bug while others are apparently immune?

為什麼有些人患上「旅行狂熱」症，而有些人卻完全免疫呢？

有一個理論表示，一切都跟我們的基因有關。

Scientific research has identified a variant of the DRD4 gene.

科學研究發現 DRD4 基因的變異。

Sounds like a loveable space robot, but it's actually the gene that affects sensitivity to dopamine.

聽起來像可愛的太空機器人，但它其實是會影響人對多巴胺敏感度的基因。

The neuro-transmitter often released in the brain when we do something we enjoy.

多巴胺是我們從事喜歡的事情時，腦中釋放的神經傳導物質。

Now, it's not that the 7R version of the DRD4 specifically creates a craving for travel, but people with the 7R variant are less sensitive to that delicious dopamine hit.

這並不是說 DRD4-7R 基因令人渴望旅行，而是擁有此變異基因的人對令人愉悅的多巴胺較不敏感。

So simple things that bring other people pleasure, like a jog in the park or a cheeky chocolate binge, might not cut it for them.

所以一般人的小確幸，例如，在公園慢跑或放肆地吃巧克力，可能都無法打動這些人。

Which makes those with the 7R type of the DRD4 gene more likely to be risk takers and thrill seekers, going further than most of us, sometimes literally, to get increased dopamine levels.

因而擁有DRD4-7R 基因的人更容易成為冒險者或刺激追求者，他們的極限超越常人，以提升多巴胺分泌量。

That's why DRD4-7R has been called the "wanderlust gene".

這就是為什麼 DRD4-7R 被稱為「冒險基因」。

The important thing about genes is that they don't determine anyone's personality.

基因的重要特行在於，它們不能決定任何人的個性。

But given that other research has linked the same 7R variant to far riskier behaviours, such as addiction, a short temper and delinquent behaviour, the irrepressible impulse to go interrailing seems like the better end of the Darwinistic deal.

由於有些研究將更具威脅性的行為與 7R 變異基因做連結，例如成癮行為、脾氣暴躁和違法行為，無法抑制的冒險衝動算是達爾文演化論中較好的特質。

So genetics may come into play when it comes to discerning the wild at heart from the homebodies.

所以在區分心靈浪子和居家一族時，基因可能參了一腳。

But another theory looks at the psychology of living in our modern, interconnected human society.

但另外一個理論著眼於現代人類社會生活緊密聯繫的心理。

A society in which we are constantly aware of what family, friends and social media influencers are doing.

一個無時無刻都能知道家人、朋友還有網紅動態的社會。

The psychologist Leon Festinger called this "social comparison theory," a theory that was later developed by academics to describe two distinct ways we compare ourselves to other people.

心理學家 Leon Festinger 稱之為「社會比較理論」，此理論後來在學術界進一步演變成用來描述我們與他人比較的兩種截然不同的方式。

Upwards social comparisons, comparing ourselves to those we see as more successful than us.

向上的社會比較，將自己與那些我們認為比較成功的人做比較。

And downward social comparisons, comparing ourselves to those we see as worse off than us.

以及向下的社會比較，將自己與那些我們認為比較失敗的人做比較。

In the age of social media, it's very easy to compare ourselves unfavourably with the idealised version.

在社交媒體時代，我們很容易將自己與理想狀態做負面的比較。

How can we compete with influencers, with their perfectly tanned legs on immaculate white sand, and their once in a lifetime sunsets over Machu Picchu?

我們如何與網紅媲美？完美無瑕的白沙灘上古銅色的雙腿，以及一生一次在馬丘比丘上的日落照。

Whether the motivation to explore the world is genetic, psychological or something else, there are far more harmful hobbies than the desire to explore the world.

不論這個探索世界的動力是基因、心理因素還是其他原因使然，有害的愛好遠遠多於探索世界的渴望。

Venturing outside your comfort zone, to learn about new cultures, meet people you might otherwise never have had the chance to meet, and ultimately learn who you are in different situations.

在你的舒適圈外冒險、學習新的文化、認識你可能再也沒機會遇到的朋友，最後學習在不同狀態下如何自處。

"Because in the end, you won't remember the time you spent in the office or mowing your lawn."

「因為最終，你不會記得你花了多少時間在辦公室裡或整理草坪。」

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