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mesopotamian
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A1 初級
adj.形容詞美索不達米亞的
The Mesopotamian civilization was one of the earliest known to man.
n.名詞美索不達米亞人
The Mesopotamians developed sophisticated irrigation systems.
n.名詞美索不達米亞語
Cuneiform was the writing system used for the Mesopotamian language.
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地中海古代眾神：Crash Course 神話學 #7 (Pantheons of the Ancient Mediterranean: Crash Course Mythology #7)
- I mean, only two of the original Mesopotamian gods, Enki, the trickster, and
安和娜姆的孩子有「機巧之神」恩奇、 和恩奇的姊妹，「蘆葦女神」寧奇古嘉。
- I mean, only two of the original Mesopotamian gods, Enki the trickster and Inanna, also
這就是神話──尤其是眾神── 最有意思的地方。
語言有多古老？SciShow 帶你搭乘時光機回到過去！ (How Old IS Language?)
- Sure, there's writing, and the oldest example of that is Mesopotamian cuneiform, which is about 5,000 years old. But we're pretty sure that language has to be older than writing itself, and probably by a long shot. Because many of the things that humans have done just wouldn't be possible without a way to communicate big ideas. Like, how do you tell another person how to build a structure without words? So we have to look for indirect evidence of language that predates the written word. Language isn't really possible without symbols and the cognitive ability to process them. A word can represent an object, but it's not the object itself. This kind of symbolic representation means that language lets us talk about things that aren't directly in front of us, plus abstract ideas or concepts like fear or love or extinction.
當然，有文字，最古老的文字是美索不達米亞的楔形文字，距今約有 5000 年的歷史。但我們可以肯定的是，語言的歷史一定比文字本身還要久遠，而且可能還要久遠得多。因為如果沒有交流思想的方式，人類所做的許多事情都不可能實現。比如，如果沒有文字，你如何告訴別人如何建造一座建築？所以我們必須尋找文字出現之前的間接語言證據。沒有符號和處理符號的認知能力，就不可能有語言。文字可以代表一個物體，但它不是物體本身。這種象徵性的表徵意味著語言可以讓我們談論並非直接擺在我們面前的事物，以及抽象的想法或概念，如恐懼、愛或滅亡。
- They would have had to talk about it. So if we look for evidence of symbolic thought, we can assume they also had language. Mesopotamian cuneiform developed out of a system of physical tokens, which were used by merchants to keep track of merchandise.
他們必須談論它。是以，如果我們尋找象徵性思維的證據，我們可以假設他們也有語言。美索不達米亞的楔形文字是由商人用來記錄商品的實物符號系統發展而來的。
美索不達米亞。世界歷史速成班#3 (Mesopotamia: Crash Course World History #3)
- These early Mesopotamian cities engaged in a form of socialism where farmers contributed their crops to public storehouses, out of which workers, like metal workers or builders or male models or whatever, would be paid uniform wages in grain.
這些早期的美索不達米亞城市實行了一種社會主義，農民將他們的作物貢獻給公共糧倉，然後像金屬工人、建築工人或男模或任何職業的工人，會從中獲得統一的穀物工資。
- These early Mesopotamian cities engaged in a form of socialism, where farmers contributed
如何計算任何平方根！超乎想像的古老方法，至今仍在驅動現代電腦！ (How To Calculate Any Square Root. An Ancient Method That Powers Modern Computers)
- This Babylonian clay tablet represents one of the most important mathematical texts of the ancient Mesopotamian civilization.
這塊巴比倫的泥板，代表了古美索不達米亞文明中最重要的數學文本之一。
羅浮宮必看10大藝術品！拆解大師畫作背後的故事 (10 Artworks to See at the Louvre Museum | Behind the Masterpiece)
- They are Mesopotamian protective entities and have the combined powers of the many different animals their bodies take the form of.
他們是美索不達米亞的守護神，擁有牠們身體所代表的各種動物的綜合力量。
在沒有馬桶的年代，人類是怎麼上廁所的？一部「屎」上最重要的歷史！(How Would You ? Back Then?)
- Ancient civilizations like the Minoan, Harappan and Mesopotamian
像是米諾斯、哈拉帕與美索不達米亞等古代文明，
【人文歷史考題】兩河流域古文明 (Ancient Mesopotamia | Early Civilizations | World History | Khan Academy)
- This is a picture here of a ziggurat, which was at the center of many of these Sumerian and as we'll see Mesopotamian cities.
這邊這張照片是金字形神塔，它位於許多蘇美城市，還有我們待會看到的兩河流域文明之城市中心。
