lithography
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・UK
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華為智慧手機震驚美國，為什麼？ (This Is How Huawei Shocked America With a Smartphone)
- extreme ultraviolet lithography or an EUV machine.
極紫外線光刻機或 EUV 機器。
臺積電亞利桑那新工廠！蘋果終於要在美國生產先進芯片了 (TSMC’s New Arizona Fab! Apple Will Finally Make Advanced Chips In The U.S.)
- The only machines in the world able to perform the extreme ultraviolet lithography necessary for etching minuscule designs on the most advanced chips.
這是世界上唯一能夠執行極紫外光刻的機器，這對於在最先進的晶片上蝕刻微小圖案是必要的。
GlobalFoundries 如何引導價值數萬億美元的芯片競賽 (How GlobalFoundries Is Steering the Trillion Dollar Chip Race)
- So lithography is the area that people talk about the most as the most expensive.
так, литография — это область, о которой люди больше всего говорят как о самой дорогой.
- And so you'll have these lithography tools which are extraordinarily precise and very expensive.
是以，你會看到這些極度精密且非常昂貴的曝光機臺。
10 分鐘解讀人工智能競賽 (AI Competition explained in 10 minutes)
- More specifically a $250 million equipment called EUV lithography.
更具體來說，是一種叫做 EUV 微影的 2.5 億美元設備。
- In other words, in order for China to compete with the US in chip production, the barrier to entry here is not only the cost of fabs, which is around $20 billion for factory, they also lack the equipment, such as the EUV lithography to make the chips internally.
換句話說，中國若想在晶片生產上與美國競爭，這裡的進入門檻不僅是晶圓廠的成本，一座工廠大約要 200 億美元，他們也缺乏 EUV 微影等設備來自行製造晶片。
【國際議題】剛贏得美國大選的川普很快將面臨一場輸不起的對華關稅戰 (Trump Is Facing a Losing Tariff War With China)
- Massive appliances like these extreme ultraviolet lithography machines, developed by Dutch company ASML.
像這些由荷蘭 ASML 公司開發的極紫外線光刻機這樣的大型設備。
- For instance, backers of companies like Shanghai Microelectronics Equipment considered China's best bet for competing with ASML's advanced lithography machines.
例如，上海微電子設備有限公司等公司的支持者認為，中國是與 ASML 先進光刻機競爭的最佳選擇。
【國際議題】中美的「晶片大戰」為何危險，又會對全世界造成什麼影響？ (Why the US-China Chip War is Dangerous)
- These are all notable achievements, especially for Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation, which lacks access to ASML's EUV lithography tools.
這些都是引人注目的成就，尤其是對於無法使用 ASML 的 EUV 光刻工具的中芯國際集成電路製造有限公司而言。
- ASML's machines are essential for producing advanced chips at the smallest nodes, specifically the EUV Extreme Ultraviolet lithography tools required for manufacturing chips below 7nm.
ASML 的設備對於生產最小節點的先進芯片至關重要，特別是生產 7 納米以下芯片所需的 EUV 極紫外光刻工具。
斯坦福納米加工設備：幹法蝕刻 - 簡介（第 1 部分，共 4 頁） (Stanford Nanofabrication Facility: Dry Etching - Introduction (Part 1 of 4))
- Two of the other major processes used in nanofabrication, deposition, the process of laying down films, and lithography, the process of patterning the matte, usually films of fold resist, will be covered in other units of this course.
本課程的其他單元還將介紹納米制造中使用的其他兩個主要工藝，即沉積（鋪膜工藝）和光刻（圖案化亞光（通常是摺疊抗蝕劑薄膜）工藝）。
- One, the ion can clean the surface, remove oxide, polymers left over from lithography before your etching process.
其一，離子可以清潔表面，去除光刻過程中留下的氧化物和聚合物。
ASML 如何利用價值 4 億美元的新型高 NA 機器快速製造芯片 (How ASML Makes Chips Faster With Its New $400 Million High NA Machine)
- We're here at ASML's headquarters in the Netherlands, where 100% of the world's extreme ultraviolet lithography machines are made.
我們這裡是 ASML 位於荷蘭的總部，全球 100% 的極紫外光刻設備都是在這裡製造的。
- These layers are printed using lithography, extremely precise rays of light projected through a mask of the chip design until they hit the surface of the wafer that's been coated with photoresist chemicals.
這些層是通過光刻技術打印出來的，極其精確的光線通過芯片設計的掩膜投射到塗有光致抗蝕劑的晶片表面。
臺灣的半導體產業是如何取勝的？ (How Taiwan's Semiconductor Industry Won)
- They had an early start to witness semiconductor companies and had American-trained Taiwanese engineers. So, by the late 1980s and early 1990s, Taiwan's semiconductor industry began to gain global recognition. TSMC quickly became the go-to foundry for fabless companies around the world, including prominent tech firms in the US and Europe. The company's willingness to invest in cutting-edge manufacturing technology, such as advanced lithography and process nodes, allowed it to stay ahead of competitors. By the early 2000s, Taiwan had firmly established itself as a global leader in semiconductors. The industry became a critical part of Taiwan's economy, contributing significantly to its GDP and providing thousands of high-paying jobs.
他們很早就開始見證半導體公司的發展，並擁有美國培訓的臺灣工程師。是以，到 20 世紀 80 年代末和 90 年代初，臺灣的半導體產業開始獲得全球認可。臺積電迅速成為全球無晶圓廠公司的首選代工廠，其中包括美國和歐洲的知名科技公司。該公司願意投資於尖端製造技術，如先進的光刻技術和工藝節點，這使其能夠領先於競爭對手。到本世紀初，臺灣已牢牢確立了自己在半導體領域的全球領先地位。該行業已成為臺灣經濟的重要組成部分，為其 GDP 做出了重大貢獻，並提供了數以千計的高薪工作崗位。
- TSMC has continuously been at the forefront of process technology innovation. They went on to pioneer the mass production of 7nm and 5nm chips, used in cutting-edge devices such as Apple's iPhones, NVIDIA's GPUs, and AMD's processors. One of the most complex processes in semiconductor manufacturing is the use of extreme ultraviolet, EUV, lithography to produce chips at 5nm and below. EUV lithography is a technology that allows manufacturers to etch incredibly small circuits onto silicon wafers, enabling the creation of the world's most advanced semiconductors.
臺積電一直走在製程技術創新的前沿。他們開創了 7 納米和 5 納米芯片的大規模生產，這些芯片被廣泛應用於蘋果公司的 iPhone、英偉達™（NVIDIA®）公司的 GPU 和 AMD 公司的處理器等尖端設備中。半導體制造中最複雜的工藝之一是使用極紫外線（EUV）光刻技術生產 5 納米及以下的芯片。EUV 光刻技術使製造商能夠在硅晶片上蝕刻出難以置信的微小電路，從而製造出世界上最先進的半導體。
為什麼 "嗶嗶啵啵 "的芯片都是臺灣製造的？ (Why Taiwan Makes All The Chips That Beep Boop)
- Like these machines, extreme ultraviolet lithography machines.
與這些機器一樣，極紫外線光刻機也是如此。